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Assignment Typography

Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make text legible, readable, and aesthetically pleasing. It involves selecting typefaces, font sizes, line lengths, spacing between lines and letters, and adjusting letter pairs. Typography is applied to the style, arrangement, and appearance of letters, numbers, and symbols. It can also be used decoratively without communicating information. Typography is done by various professionals like typesetters, graphic designers, and publishers, but digitization has made it accessible to lay users. However, without following best practices developed over generations, typography may fail to achieve effective communication.

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JELYN ENCARNACION
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362 views

Assignment Typography

Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make text legible, readable, and aesthetically pleasing. It involves selecting typefaces, font sizes, line lengths, spacing between lines and letters, and adjusting letter pairs. Typography is applied to the style, arrangement, and appearance of letters, numbers, and symbols. It can also be used decoratively without communicating information. Typography is done by various professionals like typesetters, graphic designers, and publishers, but digitization has made it accessible to lay users. However, without following best practices developed over generations, typography may fail to achieve effective communication.

Uploaded by

JELYN ENCARNACION
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Typography 

is the art and technique of arranging type to make written


language legible, readable and appealing when displayed. The arrangement of type involves
selecting typefaces, point sizes, line lengths, line-spacing (leading), and letter-spacing (tracking), as
well as adjusting the space between pairs of letters (kerning). The term typography is also applied to
the style, arrangement, and appearance of the letters, numbers, and symbols created by the
process. Type design is a closely related craft, sometimes considered part of typography; most
typographers do not design typefaces, and some type designers do not consider themselves
typographers. Typography also may be used as an ornamental and decorative device, unrelated to
the communication of information.
Typography is the work of typesetters (also known as compositors), typographers, graphic
designers, art directors, manga artists, comic book artists, and, now, anyone who arranges words,
letters, numbers, and symbols for publication, display, or distribution, from clerical workers and
newsletter writers to anyone self-publishing materials. Until the Digital Age, typography was a
specialized occupation. Digitization opened up typography to new generations of previously
unrelated designers and lay users. As the capability to create typography has become ubiquitous,
the application of principles and best practices developed over generations of skilled workers and
professionals has diminished. Thus, at a time when scientific techniques can provide evidence that
supports established practice (legibility or brand recognition achieved through the appropriate use
of serifs, letter case, letter forms, contrast, spacing, etc.) through understanding the limitations of
human vision, typography may be encountered that fails to achieve its principal objective: effective
communication.

Typesetting is the composition of text by means of arranging physical type or its digital equivalents.
Stored letters and other symbols (called sorts in mechanical systems and glyphs in digital systems) are
retrieved and ordered according to a language's orthography for visual display. Typesetting requires one
or more fonts (which are widely but erroneously confused with and substituted for typefaces). One
significant effect of typesetting was that authorship of works could be spotted more easily, making it
difficult for copiers who have not gained permission.
A written language is the representation of a spoken or gestural language by means of a writing
system. Written language is an invention in that it must be taught to children, who will pick up spoken
language or sign language by exposure even if they are not formally instructed.
A written language exists only as a complement to a specific spoken language, and no natural language is
purely written.
"The legibility of a typeface is related to the characteristics inherent in its design … which relate to the
ability to distinguish one letter from the other.Aspects of type design that affect legibility include "x-
height, character shapes, stroke contrast, the size of its counters, serifs or lack thereof, and weight.Other
typographic factors that affect legibility include font choice, angular size (point size vs. viewing distance),
kerning, cases used, tracking, line length, leading, and justification.[citation needed]

While readers may like or dislike fonts based on the familiarity of their appearance, they nevertheless
achieve a comparable reading performance after a short period of familiarization with a new typeface,
provided that the glyphs are equally clear and exhibit the essential features of the represented letter.

Reducing the stroke width below a certain point impairs legibility. Italic type is read more slowly.
At the same point size, capital letters are easier to read in Latin script; but this is reversed if the cap height
of the capitals is adjusted to the x-height of the lowercase letters (in which case the lower case letters take
up more space due to their ascenders and descenders.)

The relative legibility of words in uppercase vs. words in lowercase has long been debated.

Despite contrary opinions, serifs have little observable influence on reading speed. At low resolution, the
additional spacing between letters required for the serifs seems to improve legibility, whereas otherwise
they have a slightly adverse effect. For special groups, the picture may look different: the dyslexics
community [clarification needed] seems to be convinced that serifs are unnecessary visual clutter, which
makes the text less accessible and makes the letter shapes deviate more from the simpler forms known
from school.

Eye tracker studies support the theory that increasing complexity of shapes reduces legibility. The
addition of vowel marks in Arabic script has contradictory effects, but appears to be detrimental to
legibility overall. Freestanding letters are easier to recognize than ones with adjacent elements; this is
known as crowding effect.

Common measures to improve legibility at lowest resolution include the use of wide apertures/large open
counters, large x-height, low stroke variability, big features, etc., while some improvements like ink traps
[clarification needed] are specific to different presentation media. The positive effect of more open
apertures could be experimentally confirmed for the opening of the lowercase e, but not for the larger
opening of the lowercase c. Narrow letter shapes such as f, j, l and i usually benefit from larger tails that
widen their shape, except for the lowercase f.
A typeface is the design of lettering that can include variations in size, weight (e.g. bold), slope (e.g.
italic), width (e.g. condensed), and so on. Each of these variations of the typeface is a font.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typography

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