Portrait of Magnetic Personality etc.

) that characterize what

a person is like.
 The word personality originated
from Latin word “persona”  The Filipino personhood
according to Covar (cited in
 Personality is defined as the Enriquez, 1994) is based on
pattern of behaviour that is four elements:
enduring, distinctive thoughts, kaluluwa(spirit),
emotions and behaviours that budhi (conscience),
differs from every individual and is katauhang panlabas
used to adapt to the world: Theater (external appearance),
of self-presentation. andkatauhang panloob
(innermost being).
 Definitions of Personality
Beginnings of Personality Psychology
Theorists have provided definitions
 Hippocrates - 460 BC- 370 BC,
that reveal their unique view of the
Greek Physician, The Father of
human person.
Western.
 Sigmund Freud (1916-
 Two axes of temperament which
1920’s): Personality is the
combined to form Four Humors.
integration of the Id, Ego,
and Superego.
 Individual differences. In
personality and behavior can be
 Gordon Allport (1937):
explained by humoral variances
Personality is the dynamic
and imbalances.
organization within the
individual of those
psychophysical systems
that determine his/her
unique adjustments to the
environment.

 Dennis Coon (1980):

Personality is an
individual’s unique and
psychological  Plato - 428/427 BC- 348 BC-
characteristics and the Greek Philosopher, Founder of the
dynamic relationship Academy He introduced Four
among them. Groupings, the Personality types as
Artistic, Sensible, Intuitive,
 Hjelle and Zeigler (1992): Reasoning.
Personality is an abstract
concept which integrates
 Aristotle - 384 BC- 322 BC,
the many concepts (like
Greek Philosopher, Founder of the
emotions, thoughts,
Academy His renowned student,
perceptions, motivations,
 Aristotle, proposed a similar set of
factors that could explain
personality: Iconic (or artistic),
Pistic (or common sense), Noetic
(intuition) and Dianoetic (or
logic).

 Franz Joseph Gall - 1758-1828,

French neuroanatomist and Important concepts
physiologist who founded  Traits: contribute to individual
PHRENOLOGY Collected and differences in behavior,
observed over 120 skulls in order consistency of behavior over time,
to test his hypotheses. Believed and stability of behavior across
that the bumps and uneven situations.
geography of the human skull were
caused by pressure exerted from  Characteristics: are unique
the brain There were 27 qualities of an individual that
fundamental faculties, among them include such attributes as
were: temperament, physique, and
intelligence.

• Recollection of people
• Mechanical ability Concept of Theory
• Talent for poetry,
 Theory is a set of related
• Love of property,
assumptions that allows scientists
• Murder instinct, etc.
to use logical deductive reasoning
to formulate testable hypothesis.

 William Sheldon (1898-1977) He 1. A theory is a set of assumptions.

was an American psychologist who 2. Theory is a set of related
classified personality according to assumptions. Isolated assumptions can
body type. neither generate meaningful
hypotheses nor possess internal
consistency—two criteria of a useful
theory.
3. The components of a theory are not
proven facts in the sense that their
validity has been absolutely
established.
4. Logical deductive reasoning is used
by the researcher to formulate
hypotheses.
5. Testable.
 developed based on what the data
reveal.

Sources of Personality Theories

 Multidisciplinary approach. It
 Deductive approach (General to
involves analogies and concepts
specific) (Quantitative) An
borrowed from related disciplines:
approach to psychology in which
More than one branch of science is
the conclusions follow logically
used.
from the premises or assumptions.

 Inductive approach (Specific to

Eight Dimensions as a Framework for
general) (Qualitative) An
Viewing each Theorist’s Concept of
approach to psychology in which
Humanity
observations are systematically
collected and concepts are