FIBRES

Types of fibres: Bamboo Fibre Blend Fibre Cotton Jute Linen Man made Nylon Polyester Silk Wool

BAMBOO FIBRE:
What is Bamboo Fibre? Bamboo fibre is a regenerated cellulose fibre and can be obtained through a complex higher technological process. The raw materials of Bamboo are to be collected from the Bamboo which is grown naturally and in well condition. Any kind of chemical or pesticides shouldnt be used on the bamboo which will be used to as a source of Bamboo fibres raw materials. If the sunshine and any kind of micro-organism are applied on the Bamboo fibre; it will be bio-degraded, so Bamboo textiles will not pollute the environment anymore. This fibre derived from the natures and after being bio-degraded it returns back to the natures like the sand. Why One Should Choose The Bamboo Fibre? Well, there is lots of reason that is why a trendy textile manufacturer should use the bamboo fibre to make the new textiles product. The production cost of the Bamboo textiles from Bamboo fibre is same as the traditional fibre but the appearance and texture of the Bamboo textiles is quite good than that. Bamboo textiles are comparatively more absorbent, soft, cool, breathable, and light. All of the features it has are really distinctive. Another great feature of the bamboo textiles is it has the natural anti bacteria protector by default which will reduce the cost of finishing process of the fabric.

Bamboo fibres spin more efficiently and can produce a better spun yarn. If you want to produce a new fibres or textile by blending with the Bamboo then it is possible. You can blend the Bamboo with the Cotton, Hemp, Silk, Local and others. Bamboo fibre is round and thinner than hair of the men. This fibre is smooth that it doesnt create any kind of friction with the human skin. Most importantly, Bamboo fibre is the green, soft and shiny fibres what the todays textile world are expecting.

Blend Fibre:
Blending of various types of textile fibres and must be two or more is of crucial significance to the contemporary textile industry. The yarns and fabrics produced by blending display a range of expected properties that otherwise could not be obtained by a single textile fibres or fabrics. The demands of blend fibres are increasing dramatically in technical and commercial industry. In textile production; the demand of blend fibre also increased in order to achieve high quality and reproducible results to the textile dyers and colourists. Fibre blends means: adding two or more type of fibres in one. Suppose; if you mix polyester fibre with cotton fibre by any ration, then its called fibre blending. The result of the blended fibres is a single yarn.

Some Reasons for Blending of Fibres:

To facilitate Textile processing. To improve fibre properties lie Abrasion Resistance, Fibre Strength, Absorbency and comfort, Add bulk and warmth, Hand, Dimensional Stability, Resistance to Wrinkling, Permanent pleats or creases.

To produce multicolour fabrics. Yes! You can produce multi-coloured fabrics by blending with different colored fibres and yarn. If you use different colored fibres then different colored yarn will be produced. And use these yarn to produced multi-coloured fabric. To reduce fibre and fabric cost. It is seen that, the price of cotton fibre is comparatively costly than polyester. So, if you blend cotton fibre with polyester then the ultimate cost of these yarns will be lower. So, blend fibre reduce cost. Sometimes blending on fibre is done to increase the cost of finished product. Silk is very valuable fibre. If you add a low portion of fibre with cotton; then the fibre value will be

increased. Actually, blending demand has drastically been increased. Now blending thing is done everywhere.

COTTON FIBRE:
Cotton Fibre Properties: Cotton is the Cellulosic fibre and widely used fibre in all over the world. Cotton fibre is very popular due to its several attractive and useful properties. There are some properties of Cotton Fibre that are worth mentioning too Comfortable: Cotton fibre has large amorphous portion and this is why the air can be in and out through cotton fibre. So, the fabric made by cotton fibre is quite comfortable to use. Soft Hand: Cotton fibre is too much regular fibre and if properly ginned; this fibre can be the best soft hand feeling fibre amongst the others. Absorbent: Cotton fibre has high absorbency power and this is why this fibre can be died properly and without any harassment. Good Colour Retention: If the printing is applied on cotton fibre, it seems it doesnt spread the colour outside the design. So printing efficiency is good on cotton fibre. Machine Washable & Dry Cleanable: It is seen that some fibres cant be dried or washed due to its sensitivity and weak fastness properties but in case of Cotton fibre you will have large number of options to choose. You can easily wash the cotton made fabric by

machines and even you will be able to dry this fibre by using electronic drier.

Good Strength: If you want to seek an average strength which might be enough for you; then cotton fibre can be your ultimate choice. The strength of cotton fibre is quite good. Cotton Fibre Drapes Well: The drape-ability of cotton fibre is awesome. You can use the cotton fibre made fabric in any kind of wear which needs more flexibility and drapes. Sewing & Handling Is Easy: The sewing efficiency on Cotton made fabric is easier and comfortable than other fibre. This is why the demand of cotton made fabric is higher in all over the world.

Uses of Cotton Fibre: Cotton fibre is a versatile fibre which has wide variety of uses. But the Cotton fibre is mostly used on the Apparel Industry to make the wearing cloth like Sweaters, Skirts, Shirts, Swimwear, Kids wear, Blouses, Pants, Hosiery and to make other type of dresses.

Properties of Cotton Fibre that needed for cotton spinning

1. Cotton Fibre Fineness:
Fineness is one of the most important parameter determining the yarn quality. This is the best cotton properties that almost all of the cotton importers want. Cotton Fibre fineness influences the number of fibre in cross section. The finer fibre results the higher no. of fibre in yarn cross-sections. Fibre fineness influences primarilya) Spinning limit. B) Lustre. C) Yarn Strength. D) Handle E) Yarn Evenness F) Productivity.

2. Fibre Maturity:
The maturity of cotton fibre defines in terms of the development of the cell wall. A fully mature fibre has a developed cell wall. On the other hand, an immature fibre has a very thin cell wall. A fibre is to be considered as mature fibre when the cell wall of moisture swollen fibre represents 50% to 80% of the round cross section, as immature fibre represents 30% to 45% and as dead when it represents less than 25%. Immature fibres lead to a) napping b) loss of yarn strength c) high proportion of short fibre d) varying dye ability. So good cotton properties is too said as matured cotton fibre.

3. Fibre Length:
The average length of spinnable fibre is called staple length. Staple length is one of the most important fibre characteristics. The quality, count, strength, etc. depend on the staple length of the fibre. Higher the staple length, higher the yarn quality. Staple length influences a) yarn evenness b) lustre of the product c) spinning limit d) yarn strength e) yarn hairiness f) handle of the product

The following length grouping are currently used in stating the trade staple or basic cotton propertiesShort Staple: 1 or less. Medium Staple: 1 and 1/32 inch to 1 and 1/8 inch Long Staple: 1 and 5/32 inch to 1 and 3/8 inch. Extra Long Staple: 1 and 13/32 inch and above.

4. Cotton Fibre Strength:

Toughness of fibre has a direct effect on yarn and fabric strength. Cotton Properties means such type of physical behaviour of a fibre. The higher the fibre strength, the higher the yarn and fabric strength. Very weak cotton tends to rupture during processing both in blow room and carding, creating short fibres and consequently deteriorate yarn strength and uniformity. Some significant breaking strength of fibres arePolyester >>35 to 60 CN/Tex Cotton>>>>15 to 40 CN/Tex Wool>>>>12 to 18 CN/Tex

5. Cotton Fibre Cleanness:

In addition to usable fibre, cotton stocks contain various kinds of foreign matters. Some vegetable matters are- a) husk portion, b) seed portion c) stem portion d) leaf portion e) wood portion. Some mineral matters are- a) earth b) sand c) dust. Some other foreign materials are- a) metal fragments b) cloth fragments c) packing materials.

6. Cotton Fibre Elongation:

Elongation is specified as a percentage of the starting length. Textile products without classify would hardly be usable. They must be deformed and also return to the original shape. The fibre elongation should be at least 1 to 2%. The greater crease resistance of wool compared with cotton arises due to difference in their elongation.

What Are The Uses of Jute in Textile & Practical Life?

Jute is a fibre which has almost 1000 different kind of uses. Jute has been taken as most important fibre like as cotton as it can be used in various purposes and easy to cultivate too. Jute sacks are widely used in the practical life and coarse fabric made by Jute has no substitute ever. The wrapping bales or raw cotton also made by Jute.

As Jute is completely a biodegradable fibre; it is suitable for many uses if it is replaced in so called synthetic fibre. Synthetic fibre is very unstable and sometimes impacts badly on the natural environment where Jute is quite good alternatives to use. Jute fibre can be blended with other natural and cellulosic fibre like Cotton and make a quite stable and different blended yarn which is stronger and shiner. Jute is not only used to make yarn or cloth but also it is used to make Jute Pulp and paper. As the people of the world are being so much conscious now and trying to stop the cutting wood or plants to save the nature; Jute is drastically being used as the alternative of Wood in the Paper manufacturing Industry. Jute has a bright history of use in making sackings, carpets for the households and so on, cotton bale and wrapping fabrics for that and various fabric manufacturing industry in order to make mats, curtain, brush and etc. Now a day Jute is not only being used in Textile industry; but also it is used in Automobile Industry, Furniture and bedding industry and Paper Making industry. Jute is also being blended with other fibres to make non-woven, composites and technical textiles. The nomenclature of Jute is Wood Fibre which is exclusively being used on the leading manufacturing industries with some promising features. By using Jute we can produce various type of fabric named Hosiery Cloth, Hessian Cloth, Sacking, Scrim, Carpet Backing Cloth, canvas etc. Hessian is lighter than sacking and is used for bags, wrappers, wall covering, geotextiles, upholstery and different home furnishing. By using the Heavy jute fibres the Sacking is to be made. Jute has diversified uses now a days. Some of the exclusive and modern use of Jute is in Espadrilles, Floor coverings, Home textiles, high performance technical textiles, geo textiles, composites, and more.

Due to the strong colour and light fastness properties; just is widely used in decoration of home. Jute is more durable than any other fibre because of its anti-static properties and low thermal conduction. Most importantly; Jute is a bio-degradable fibre which comes from nature and decomposed on nature too. So its an environment friendly fibre for the green people to access the green world.

Linen Fibre | Properties, Characteristics & Uses

Linen Fibre is a natural fibre which is made from Flax. On the other hand, linen fibre is called as Vegetable fibre. Linen fibre is a popular fibre like cotton fibre due to its wide variety of using capabilities.

Characteristics of Linen Fibre:

1. Clothes that made by linen is comfortable to Use: As the Linen fibre is a natural vegetable fibres it has huge amount of Air Porosity hole. So the air can go in and out while wearing these linen clothes and which make this clothes quite comfortable. 2. Linen Fibre is stronger than Cotton: Another reason behind of the linen fibre popularity is you will get the same comfort like Cotton in the Linen fibre but the strength of the Linen fibre is twice than the Cotton fibre. Maximum sportswear where the strength is a matter, there the Linen fibre made linen clothes is widely used. 3. Hand Washable & Dry Cleanable: You can not only wash the clothes linen but also clean the lien clothes by drying. So, making linen clothes by using the linen fibre is a wise decision for the Textile Industry owner. 4. Crisp feeling: If you touch the linen fibre, you will feel that its a simply crisp fibre which has distinctive outlook and feel. 5. Tailors Well: One textile weavers or textile knitter can easily make the Linen fabric by using the flexible linen fibre and the tailors of the Garment Shop, even can easily make Dress and suits by using the Linen fabrics. 6. Absorbent: The absorbency of Linen fibre is quite good and this is why linen can be dyed well. 7. Dyes & Prints well: Along with the optimum efficiency in Dyeing, one can easily print the Linen cloth except any kind of problems like print paste saturation, discoloured surface etc.

8. Lightweight To Heavyweight: Any kind of linen fabric or linen fibres are available on the market which can be achieved in any weight as per the Textile buyers requirement. 9. No Static & Pilling problems: If any fabric produce the static electricity during wear, then nothing can be worse than that. People like to wear the fabric that is flexible and comfort to wear. Linen is the perfect fabric in this regard which has no static electricity and pilling problems. 10. Good Abrasion Resistant: As the linen fibre is good in strength, then it is supposed to have the properties like Good abrasion resistant.

Uses of Linen Fibre or Clothes Linen:

I said before that, Linen fibre is a fibre which is widely used to make the Fabric which deserves the high class. Linen fabric is used to make Dresses, Suites, Coats, Shirts, and Childrens wear.

Textile Man Made Fibres Physical Forms & Advantages

Physical Forms of Man Made Fibres (MMF):

Man Made Fibres is produced in three forms. These are 1. Filaments 2. Staple 3. Filament Tow.

Filament Man Made Fibres:

Filament fibres are spun from spinnerets with 3500 or less holes. The no. of holes in spinnerets equals to no. of filaments. There are two types of filaments- a) Mono-filament where the final filament is made of only a single filament. b) Multi-filament; where the final filament is made of more than one filament.

Staple Man Made Fibres:

Staple fibres are of limited and relatively short length. It is unit of material which is usually at least 100 times longer than thickness. Filaments are specifically made to get the staple form.

Filament Tow:
The product of 100 or more spinnerets is collected into a large rope of fibres, which is called filament tow. It is then crimped and made into staple by cutting or breaking.

Advantages of Man Made Fibres in Textile:

MMF is durable: Man made fibre is made by following a technical process and this is why this kind of textile fibre is comparatively durable. Crease Resistance: Crease resistance is good. Dimensionally stable: Natural fibre is not stable like the manmade fibre. So commercially, the demand of manmade fibre is huge. Higher Strength: This fibre is more stable and strength than the natural fibre. Better Elongation Properties. Can be made according to expectation. More regular properties. Lower cost. As the entire chemical and raw available all time in any season; the ultimate cost of mm is less. Production does not depend on the climate. You can produce mm in any season. The raw materials that are used to produce man-made fibres are specific.

Nylon Fibre
Nylon fibre is a common synthetic fibre which is used widely all over the world. Basic raw materials for the production of nylon are coal, petroleum oil or its by products. Stepwise processing of those raw materials produces hexamethylene diamante and acidic acid, mixture of this two produces nylon salt, which is used for spinning nylon fibres.

Nylon Fibre

The basic nylon fibre properties are described below:

Length: Length of nylon filament is unlimited and staple fibre lengths are controllable. Fineness: Nylon fibre fineness is also controllable. X-sectional shape: Normally round shape but the cross sectional shape could be changed. Strength of nylon fibre is very high. Its tenacity varies from 4.6 to 5.8 g/den.

Extensibility: Nylon is highly extensible fibres. Extension at break is 30% but the problem is poor recovery form extension. For that reason it is not used as sewing thread for garment. Resiliency: It has good resiliency property. Nylon fibres, yarn or fabric does not crease easily. For that reason it is widely used for the pile fabric production. For instance velvet, carpet etc. Frictional Resistance: Nylon fibre shows good frictional resistance. Due to high strength and good frictional resistance property it is widely used for rope. Moisture regain: moisture regain of nylon fibre varies from 4.2 to 5.0%. Nylon fibre does not absorb water easily. Water molecules cannot enter into the inside of the fibre easily. For this reason nylon fabrics can be dried easily. So it can be used as raincoat.

Textile Polyester Fibre

What Is Polyester Textile Fibre?

Polyester fibre is a widely used synthetic fibre. Basic raw materials for polyester fibre production are petroleum, coal, air & water. From those basic raw materials the Glycol monomer dihydric alcohol Dn Terephthalic acid are produced. Which are polymerized into an autoclave at high temperature and polyester chips are produced, which are melt spun.

General Properties of Polyester Textile:

1. Length: Polyester fibre could be produced n filament form or staple form i.e. as we desire. Fibre length is controllable. 2. Fineness of polyester textile: Fineness of polyester fibre is also controllable. 3. X-Sectional shape: Normal cross sectional shape is round but it is also made triangular, elliptical or pentagonal. Normally it is white but could be of any colour if colour is added during spinning.

4. Strength: Normally tenacity varies from 4.5 to 5.0 gram per denier for the polyester textile. In case of high tenacity fibre it may be up to 8.0 gram per denier. 5. Extensibility: Extension at break varies from 20% to 30 %. Good recovery from extension. Due to good extension, strength and functional property polyester is widely used as sewing thread in the garment industries. 6. Resiliency: Polyester textile shows good resiliency property. It does not crease easily and any undue crease can be recovered easily. 7. Dimensional Stability: Polyester fibre is dimensionally stable. It could be heat-set at around 200 degree C. heat set pol7yester fibre does not shrink or extended. 8. Moisture Regain: Very low moisture ranges from 0 0.4%. Due to low moisture regain polyester fibre feels worm, easily cleaned, soils less. 9. Action of bleaching agents: It is not damaged by the action of bleaching agents. 10. Action of acid and alkali: It is unaffected by the action of acid and alkali. 11. Action of organic solvent: Polyester textile is unaffected by organic solvent, hence polyester fibre could be dry-cleaned. 12. Action of Sunlight & Heat: Polyester is unaffected by normal sunlight but prolong exposure to sunlight cab reduce strength of polyester. Polyester fibre melts at 227 degree C to 242 Degree C. hence during ironing care should be taken to reduce the risk of damage. In contact to flame the polyester burns and melt when cold, the molten polymer forms hard bids. 13. Dye ability: Polyester fibre shows good dye ability at high temperature. Colour fastness to washing and sunlight is also good. Disperse dyes are widely used for dyeing polyester fibre. 14. Biological Properties: Resistance to attack of mildew, moths and insects are good. 15. End use of Polyester textiles: Polyester fibre is widely used for apparels both 100% form and blended form with cotton, nylon, wool, rayon, acetate, etc. fibres. Polyester textiles also used for making thermal underwear.

Silk Fibre | Characteristics & Uses of Silk Fibre & Fabric in Textile
Silk is a natural fibre and an animal fibre too. Silk fibre was firstly produced in China and then the production of Silk worm extended to German, France, Turkey, Italy, India and Bangladesh. In Bangladesh & India, the Silk worm is called as Polo worm. The research said- the half percent of total silk that are being produced in all over the world is still producing by China.

There are four steps for Silk worm to be grown from where we get the Silk fibre. The life cycle of Silk worm is as 1. Egg, 2. Caterpillar or Larva, 3. Chrysalis or Pupa Stage, 4.

Butterfly.

Characteristics of Silk Fibre:

Soft or Crisp Feeling: Silk fibre is quite soft and sometimes it feels crispy. Luxurious: The clothes or apparels that are made from Silk are luxurious and simply expensive. Silk is widely used in Bangladesh & India to make the traditional silk Sharee that is worn in any kind of festivals or social programs. Drapes Property is Good: Silk fibre is flexible enough and if silk fibre is used to make Silk garment than the fabric drapes well and this is why it can be tailored well too. Silk Fibre Is Very Much Thin: Silk is the thinnest amongst all the natural fibres. As it is so much thinner fibre, so silk can be used on any kind of fabric or clothes to be made. Dyeing Property is good on Silk: The average dyeing on Silk works good. Prints Well: Due to the fibres flexibility and other convenience; the silk fabric can easily be printed without any problem. Hand Washing & Dry Cleaning Is Possible: The washing fastness of silk fibre is good. One can wash the silk fabric by water and after washing the dry cleaning is possible too. Silk Creates Static Charges: The main problem of Silk fabric is that; silk creates static charges during wear or using any other purposes. In this case, silk fabric is little bit uncomfortable to use as the traditional dresses. For this reason we see; Silk is only used to make Sharee which is occasionally used by the women. Silk has no pilling problem: Silk fabric has no pilling problem. Abrasion Resistance Is Good: Silk fabric is good resistant to the abrasion. Light Fastness Is Poor: The main disadvantages of silk fibre is that; if you keep the silk fabric for the long time under the sun, then there might have a chance to lose the natural appearance of the silk fabric. So, its better to stay away for prolonged exposure to sunlight.

Uses of Silk in Textile:

Silk fibre is widely used to make different items. In apparel industry Silk is used for making Dresses, Blouses, Skirts, Jackets, Pants, Scarves and ties.

Wool Fibre | Basic Things about Wool

What is Wool Fibre?
Wool is a protein fibre and it is produced by the animals known as sheep. It is unique fire with scales on its surface. Wool, is a multi-cellular fibre and very expensive in price.

Wool producers in the world:

1. Australia 2. Russia 3. New-Zealand 4. USA 5. UK 6. South-Africa 7. France 8.Turkey 9. Brazil 10. China 11.Oajustab 12.Canada 13.India 14.Etc.

Important Definitions about Wool:

Recovered Wool: - Re-using wool which has been made into yarns and fabric and even worn. Recovered wool of this short are usually mixed with fleece wool (New Wool) and used for low and medium quality fabrics /goods. There are three types of recovered wool. Such as1.Shoddy Wool 2. Margo 3.Extract All Wool: - A fabric or garment labelled as All Wool is not necessarily made from new wool. It may contain a proportion of recovered wool. So, all wool is composed of recovered wool and new wool. Virgin Wool: - Completely new wool or fleece wool is called virgin wool. Lambs Wool: - The finest wool is obtained from young sheep. Lambs Wool clipped at eight months is very fine and of excellent quality. Hog Wool: - When ship is 14 months old, the wool is stronger and thicker, is called hog wool. Cross-bred Wool: - Crossing of merino with other sheep can produce cross-bred wool.

Production of Wool
Wool fibres grow from the small sacs or follicles in the skin of the sheep. The wool fibres grow in groups of 5-80 hairs and there are between 10000 and 22000 to the square inch. Typical Hampshire sheep will have some 16-40 million fibres in its fleece; a Rambouillet between 29 and 97 million and an Australian merino may carry as many as 120 million individual wool fibres. These fibres grow on the average at the rate of about 1 inch in two months.

Shearing or Wool Fibre

Sheep are normally shorn of their fleece every year. On large stations, the fleece sremoved in one piece by ower operated clippers. In efficient hands, he sheep is pasrted from its wool in two and a half minutes. A first class shearer will get through 200 sheep a day, fromwhick he will remove a ton or more of wool. This type of wool is known as fleece or clip wool. Innnediately after it has been removed, the fleece wool is skirted. This involves pulling away the soiled wool around the edges. Then the wool fleeces are graded by experts who judge the fineness, length. Colour and other characteristics. Finally, the various grades are packed into large sacks and sewn up into the bales of wool. Each bale contains about 300 lb. of wool.

Wool Fibre Grading

One fleece (3-8kg) produces various qualities of wool fibres with number (1-14), yielding softened, finest and longest. Each grade is determined by 1. Type 2. Length 3. Fineness 4. Elasticity and 5. Strength.

Fabrics from Natural Fibers

Cotton Fabric
The fabric which is believed to be most soothing and safe is called as cotton fabric. Immense use of cotton fabric for infant s dresses or beddings is a live testimony of its softness and skin-friendliness. Cotton fabric has a distinctive feature that it adjusts easily with climatic requirements that is why it is

called all-season fabric. In summer season cotton fabric keeps the body cool and absorbs the sweat easily whereas they give a warm feel if worn in winder season.

Silk Fabric
Silk counts to the strongest natural fabric in the world. Known for its softness, luster, beauty and luxurious look, silk fabric is one of the higher grade fabric providing comfort to the wearer in all types of weather. Keeping the body cool in summer and warm in winter, silk was discovered during 2640 B.C. in china. Today there are different variety of silk available in the market like Chiffon, Georgette, Organza, Crepe de Chine, Duponi, Noil, Pongee, Shantung, Tussar, etc. Because of its sheer variety of designs, weaving and quality, Indian silk textile are popular worldwide. Silk fabric is mainly used for making luxurious and expensive dresses and home furnishings. Indian silk textile is popular worldwide whereas USA is the worlds leading manufacturer of silk products with France and Italy are also involved in the same line producing high value sophisticated silk fabrics in Europe.

Linen Fabric
Linen is called as king of natural fabric. Linen is extensively used for apparel making and home furnishing as well. Linen, being a natural fiber is considered to be safe for all types of skin. Linen fabric is also suggested for sensitive skin as its natural properties makes it resistant for allergies. Linen fabric do not cause problems like irritation, allergic reaction etc. The natural fiber of linen makes it strong and durable. Linen is an easy maintainable fabric. No special treatments are required for linen; it can be simply washed by hands. Although linen is used for all kinds of clothing, yet mostly used for home furnishing items like table cloth, bedspreads, curtains etc

Wool Fabric
Soft, strong and very durable wool fabric provide warmth and attractive appearance. It is the fabric which keeps the wearer dry while sweating and cool when it is hot. Wicking away perspiration from the body, wool fabric does not wrinkle easily and is resistant to dirt wear and tear. It is also having the quality of not burning when put over the flame, it only smolder. Felt made of wool fabric is used as covers for piano hammers. It is also used in absorbing odors and noise in machinery and stereo speakers. Wool fabric is being used for clothing for over twelve thousand years does not only come from sheep only, whereas widely used kashmiri sweaters are made from goats.

Wool fabric is equipped with different characteristics like warm, resists to wrinkle, wear and tear, it is light weight and durable which also absorbs moisture. Have been largely used in blankets and carpets, today almost every wardrobe contains garment made of woolen fabric.

Leather Fabric
Comfortable in both hot and cold condition, leather fabric is not affected by surrounding temperature. Adding a classic luxury, pleasant to touch and comfortable, leather fabric is soft , elastic and firm. Leather fabric is blessed with the quality of absorbing water vapor without loosing dryness and retaining to the original shape when stretched.

Ramie Fabric
Ramie fabric having characteristics like moisture absorption, air permeability are valued as a summer fabric which are not harmed by mild acid and are resistant to alkali.

Hemp Fabric
Highly versatile hemp fabric is used in countless number of products like shoes, furniture, apparel, accessories and home furnishing. Hemp fabric is a fabric which is commonly known for its warmth, softness and durability. Providing beautiful lusture, hemp fabric is best for making apparel which can withstand harsh conditions and last longer. UV protected apparel fabric have an insulative quality that allows clothing to be cool in summer. Having characteristics like durability, absorption, insulation, apparel fabric withstand water better then any other textile product. It is obtained from stem of the plant, the finest hemp fabric is produced in Italy. Acting as a great choice for comfortable work clothes, home decoration, hemp fabric is also used in the manufacturing of clothing, curtains, draperies, upholstery, bedspreads, table linens, sheets, dish towels, canvas, etc.

Jute Fabric
Being among the strong and durable fabric, jute fabric is ideally being used as bags or sacks for packing since aging. The jute fabric is much soughed item for fashionable clothes, home furnishing and fashion accessories. Bangladesh counts to the largest cultivator of jute fabric with India as the second largest jute goods manufacturer.

The most important use of the jute fabric is in the manufacturing of carpets, linoleum, cordage and twines. It is sometimes used as webbing to cover inner springs of the auto seats. Sometimes used as fashion accessory used for fashion garments, tapestries, soft luggage, etc.

Fabrics from Man-made Fibers

Acetate Fabric
Made from the cellulose and obtained by reconstructing cotton or wood pulp, Acetate fabric is resistant to shrinkage, moth and mildew. Acetate fabric is fabric which gives extremely soft and luxurious look just like silk fabric.

Chiffon Fabric
Chiffon basically refers to a light plain woven sheer fabric with a soft drape. Chiffon fabric can be manufactured using different fibers like silk or synthetic, cotton etc. but chiffon is generally associated with fibers like nylon or silk. Chiffon fabric can easily be dyed in contrast to any desired shade. Chiffon is used for bridal gowns and also appears in evening dresses, prom dresses, and scarves. Chiffon can be made using various materials like silk, polyester, or rayon. Chiffon fabric is a classic choice for manufacturing blouses and various types of dresses. Chiffon fabric adds a magical look to the dress and wearer's personality.

Acrylic Fabric
Acrylic fabrics is a kind of the synthetic fibre that is artificially manufactured. Acrylic fabrics can also be referred as the imitation of wool. Acrylic fabrics is used to make loads of apparels and many other things. The main use of the Acrylic fabrics is in outfits like shirts and many other ladies outfits. Also, Acrylic fabrics is used in seats of chairs and sofas as well. Acrylic fabrics are known for their stiffness and ability of wear and tear resistance. Acrylic also does not losses the glaze for a longer period of time. Acrylic fabrics is available mainly in two forms that are 'Courtelle' and 'Orlon'. These fabrics are known for their durability and especially ?Orlon? is reckoned for its light weightiness. These kinds of Acrylic fabrics serve plenty of option in shapes and designs. In the market, there are several manufacturers and suppliers in the business of the Acrylic fabrics. That shows the popularity of Acrylic fabrics amidst masses. People prefer the Acrylic fabrics as they are available at the low rates

than any other fabrics. In addition, these fibers are wear resistant stays for longer period of time. Acrylic fabrics is the finest example of the invention of the mankind in the fabric industry. And thence is looked up with a great value of pride when put on.

Organza Fabric
Organza basically refers to a thin, plain weave, a sheer fabric which is made out of continuous filament of silk yarn worms. In modern fashion era many organzas are woven with synthetic filament fibers like nylon and polyester but most of the stylish organzas are woven in silk. The most popular item made of organza fabric are bags. Various designs and shapes of organza fabric bags are attracting people towards them. Adding a nice touch with sophistication and uniqueness Organza fabric is the choice of millions.

Lastex Fabric
Lastex fabric basically refers to an elastic fiber that is made from Latex. Moreover, lastex fabric is used with other complex fibers with a intent to made different fabrics like spandex and foundation garments.

Nylon Fabric
The term nylon is derived from the New York and London. Nylon is yet another form of synthetic fibre that is commonly used amidst the masses. Fabric composed of nylon, called nylon fibre is used in variety of uses like clothing, sheets, covers, and many other domestic and industrial appliances. Nylon fabric is preferred amidst all other fabrics as it is really strong and has a strong ability of stretchiness. High elasticity of nylon fabrics makes it prime use in like of luggage baggage, wallets and many more. In addition, nylon fabrics are easy to maintain as gets cleaned and dried without any special effort. Nylon Fabrics are availed in the latest forms that are much more stiff and lighter in weight. Since it is highly durable, nylon fabric makes the cloth or the other long lasting and wears and tears resistant. Nylon is the polymer of amide, termed as polyamide extracted from the petroleum. Nylon is an easy product to manufacture as it needs less time and also lesser attention. That is indeed makes nylon fabrics a nice product to trade and make money. The increasing uses and popularity of Nylon fabrics have made the finest product to trade

Velvet Fabric
Velvet is one of the smoothest and softest amidst all the other kinds of fabrics. Velvets are specially manufactured and process because of its distinctive properties. Velvet fabrics are used in variety of appliances like clothing including trousers, shirts, and many more. Also, velvet fabric is used in bed sheets, covers, curtains and etc. Velvet fabric is no less than silk in any assessments whether be glossiness or be the unending glaze. Velvet fabric, due to its high class looks and price viability has made it the most preferred fabrics. In the modern times, velvet fabrics are availed in the multifarious designs and colors. And also are stronger and elastic than the previous times. The newer velvet fabrics needs less maintenance and can be easily washed and dried. Use of modern innovations in the composition of the velvet fabrics have made it more easily accessible to the common masses. Today in the market, there are numerous brands for velvet fabrics, and many more are too coming. With the healthy competition in the market, brands are offering new designs and colors for the velvet fabrics and that too at the least rates. That is why; market considers the velvet fabrics industry safer and secure place for investment

Polyester Fabric
Polyester is a type of fabric that is not found naturally. The polyester fabric is man made. The polyester fabric is widely used in various applications and is very much in demand in markets. This fabric has various qualities due to those it is so popular like wrinkle resistance and springing back into its smooth shape. The polyester fabric is very strong and soft as well. The polyester fabric can also be mixed with other fabrics to make a strong and durable fabric or to achieve any other motive. For example, In upholstery, polyester is generally blended with wool to eliminate crushing and reduce fading. There are various uses of polyester fabric like it is used in casement curtains, draperies, floor coverings, throw rugs, bedding, and as a cushioning or insulating material.

Taffeta Fabric
Taffeta fabric is a crisp, soft and smooth plain woven fabric which with its slight sheen manufactured out of different fibers like rayon, silk or nylon. Taffeta fabric is widely used in manufacturing of women's garments. The taffeta fabric has a unique rippled or wavy pattern which exhibits similarity to a water stain or mark, with dull and lustrous areas that reflect light differently.

The word 'Taffeta' has its origin from Persia, and means "twisted woven". It is generally made with a plain weave, fine warp yarns and heavier filling yarns. A good quality taffeta fabric represents the artwork in optimum manner.

Denim Fabric
Denim fabric is a rugged cotton twill. In denim fabric the weft passes under two or more than two warp fibers that produces the common diagonal ribbing which is identifiable on the back of the fabric. The diagonal ribbing separates the existence of denim fabric from cotton duck. The denim fabric is generally colored with indigo dye to create blue jeans though jean denoted a distinct lighter cotton textile. Denim fabric is used at a large scale all over the world economies. Its vivid texture and ability to provide extreme comfort makes it one of demanding fashion entities all over. With blissful shopping experience, people are moving toward more purchasing new innovative designs of denim fabric.

Rayon Fabric
Rayon fabric is basically that synthetic textile fiber which is obtained by forcing a cellulose solution through fine spinnerets. In other words, rayon fabric is a final result of solidifying filaments. Rayon is a unique type of fabric that cannot be termed either a synthetic fabric or natural one. The process of making rayon is quite distinct; through which natural raw supplies are transformed to make it practical. Rayon is a fabric that can be woven or knit; further ensuring a versatile use. The efficiency of rayon fabric is comparatively much higher than taffeta or other cotton fabric. It is economical too. Apart from this, its soft texture makes rayon one of the most lovable fabrics. Rayon fabric is widely used in making of number of apparels and home furnishing items.

Spandex Fabric
Because of its great shape retention quality, spandex fabric is widely used as fashion fabric. The important point to note about spandex fabric is that it bounce back to its original structure even after stretching up to 600 times. Highly durable superior strength spandex fabric is resistant to dry heat and oil. Providing great comfort and flexibility it does not put on weight on the body of the wearer. With the characteristics like elasticity, retaining back to original shape, resistance to dry heat and abrasion, spandex fabric feel and fits better when blended and of course make one look better. With

its great shape retention qualities, spandex is used in making undergarments and support hose. It creates a less confined feel and becomes more stronger and versatile piece of clothing. Providing resistance to perspiration and body oils spandex fabric is more stable and durable.

Georgette Fabric
Georgette is a sheer and strong silk or silk like clothing fabric that often comes with a dull, creped surface. In simple words, it is a sheer lightweight fabric that provides utmost comfort. This is fabric is usually made out of silk or polyester. As compared to chiffon, it is opaque and slightly heavy. If it comes to least expensive and much practical fabric then a large number of couture prefers georgette. Due to its exquisiteness and uniqueness, a georgette fabric proves a demanding item in the fashion industry.

Viscose Fabric
Since its invention, viscose is widely used for coating fabric. Its development with the passage of time has led to viscose being spun into thread for embroidery and trimmings. As the further development take place, viscose had entirely replaced the old wool and cotton and its being widely used for women's stocking and underwear. Due to its perishable nature, viscose is often refused to be used in the manufacturing of solid objects like umbrella handles etc. Nowadays, viscose fabric is widely used for lining and furnishing because it provides the staple for towels and table-cloths.

Grey fabric Fabric

Due to its cost effectiveness, exquisiteness and longevity, grey fabric has been widely used for cloth manufacturing. Uniquely woven grey fabric has become increasingly popular in appreciation of increased market demand. Clothes made out of grey fabric can simply be termed as stunning in each and every aspect. Showcasing immense aesthetics and revealing a tendency of glamor, clothes made using grey fabric are ruling the international market. A blissful shopping could be conducted with the availability of different textures, finishes and sizes of grey fabric.

Polypropylene Fabric
Polypropylene fabric is especially meant for winter seasons, because the only layer of hundred per cent polypropylene rib knit generally stays dry and due to this feature it keeps one's body warmer. A high quality lightweight polypropylene fabric is preferred in winter season because it is allows user to perform any moderate activity in cold weather at ease. Polypropylene fabric basically consists of hydrophobic which relinquishes any possibility of moisture in such fabric and further its pushes the moisture vapor away from the skin. Entailing a large number of features, polypropylene fabric can simply be termed stunning in each and every aspect.

Satin Fabric
Satin fabric is also said to be the most elegant fabrics. The reason behind is its astonishing looks and smooth surface. Satin fabric is used in loads of apparels and many others things. Especially for women, satin fabric is used in variety of apparels like blouse, panties, gowns, and many more clothing. Also, satin fabric is used for bed sheets, curtains and many other decorative purposes. The glossiness of the satin fabric really makes the material high class. At top of that, satin fabric is availed in multifarious color options like black, red, green, purple, blue and etc. Satin fabric is generally composed of silk or rayon and that is why it is so smooth. Also, satin fabrics are availed in various weights and normally are very light. Also, satin are very delicate and are manufactured with a great deal of care and attention. Satin fabrics needs a fine set up of manufacturing and processing unit as each and every strand of the satin fabric must be well knitted. Satin fabric s huge demand amidst the masses is not a new thing as has been the most demanded fabric since a long time. In the present too, with the innovative designer apparels, satin fabric usability range has expanded like never before.

Fabrics for Special Uses

Industrial Fabric
Industrial fabric is a fabric which is usually made from man-made fibers like fiberglass, carbon, and aramid fibers. It covers a wide variety of widths, weights and construction particularly made to meet a specific application. Industrial fabric are used for decorative purposes. Industrial fabric is woven in various thicknesses and constructions in basic weave, namely plain, leno, satin,basket etc. It is

primarily used for filtration, marine and recreational products, insulation,electronics, commercial & construction and protective garments etc.

Fiberglass Fabric
Fiberglass is a material that generally consists of extremely fine glass fibers and often used in manufacturing different products like fabric, yarns, insulators and structural objects.

Filter Fabric
A filter fabric is well known for its functionality and longevity. However a filter fabric is known for its high temperature and chemical resistance.

Carbon Fabric
Carbon fabric is generally used in different applications such as Brake linings, Aircraft interiors, Windmill blades, Tooling, Primary and secondary structures, Racing helmets and so on. Widely used in aerospace application, carbon fabric provides maximum degree of stiffness in aircrafts. An exquisitely created carbon fabric is well known for its light weight and hight strength. A carbon fabric is also characterized by different types of features such as Fire resistant, Dimensionally stable, Lightweight, High strength etc.

Vinyl Fabric
It is well observed that a large number of vinyl fabrics satin and spot resistant. Vinyls fabric is generally created with ultraviolet stabilized pigments and this segment proves much crucial if one's application regarding vinyl fabric involves direct exposure to sunlight.

Plain Fabric
Plain fabrics are well known for their soberness and long lasting durability. Clothing made our of plain fabric can simply be termed as the most impressive and exclusive range of clothing available today. With the available different varieties of plain fabric, the choice is endless. Plain fabrics are also well known for their durability and cost effectiveness. The clothing made using plain fabric is totally capable of impressing absolute anybody with its unique qualities and aesthetic appeal. A quality that along with its comfort, palin fabric clothes are

extremely popular for leisure wear. Among the vast accumulation of available fabric, plain fabric is most popular fabric.

Blended Fabric
Blended Fabrics are the compositions of the strands extracted either from natural resources or artificially by treating chemicals. There are several kinds of fabric like synthetic fabric, natural fabric and many others. Blended fabric is the special form of the fabrics that constitutes two or more elements properties. The specialty of the blended fabric is that it is different in the composition and looks. Also, blended fabric is stiffer and resistant to any kind of depreciation by any means. There are many forms of the blended fabrics, lets have a look on them
Silk blended fabric: Silk in the blended fabric makes it astonishing in looks and style. It raises the standards of the blended fabrics. Also, silk blended fabrics are known for their smoothness and nonpareil high quality. Jute blended fabric: jute is the finest example of the stiffness and durability. Hence the jute blended fabric is also stiffer and sustains the high quality for a longer period of the time. Also, jute blended fabric is used in various purposes as the fabric is capable of holding any kind of weight. Apart from the above there are several kinds of the blended fabric. Blended fabrics are scientifically approved and found appropriate for any kind of usability.

PTFE Fabric
A PTFE fabric is well renowned for its excellent non-stick surface that allows user to carry his work smoothly and efficiently. It is well observed that a PTFE fabric is resistant to tears and abrasions. Long lasting durable, PTFE fabric remains stagnant even at high temperatures. PTFE fabric is resistant from chemical, corrosion, and moisture. The uniqueness and exquisiteness of PTFE fabric capable of impressing absolutely anybody. A high quality PTFE fabric has gained immense popularity in appreciation of increased market demand.

Crewel Fabric
A wide range of crewel fabric come from Kashmir in north-western India. Because of its versatility, a crewel fabric is widely used for the manufacturing of curtains, light upholstery, bedheads, cushions and bed covers and so on. Due to its longevity, exquisiteness and with its aesthetic appeal, crewel fabric has been ruling the international market. The availability of crewel fabric in subtle lustrous color and rich texture makes it one of the most demanding items. A crewel fabric possess the capability to complement various types of body tones.

Stretch Fabric
Stretch fabric is a fabric referring to the normal fabric, which stretches in all four directions. Simplifying the construction of clothing stretches fabrics are commonly used in swimsuits. They were originally being used in the mid 1980s by large number of fashion designers. Entering mainstream market in the early 1990, Stretch fabrics are widely used in sports wear. Sometimes Stretch fabric is also termed as Stretch woven fabric when it is blended with stable fiber of cotton, wool or synthetic. When it comes to talk about stretching, then Stretch fabric is very easy to Stretch in one or both directions presenting the traditional look and lot of comfort. Stretch fabric have better shape retention and are wrinkle resistance because of which they are more comfortable to wear.

Reflective Fabric
Reflective fabric is the nicest instance of the expanded usability of the fabrics. This has been all possible just because of the continuous innovation in the science field. Reflective fabric is known for their ability to reflect the light to the farthest distance possible. That is why; reflective fabric is used in countless usability, few of them are listed below:
In the streets: - the reflectors and the alerts are made up of the reflective fabric. It is generally red in color as red has the largest ability to reflect. Also, it can be visible from the very long distance that makes the traffic flow smoothly. Especially in the night vision, reflective fabrics are proven to be the boon. Security- life jackets are made by the reflective fabrics. Also, other apparels are made by the reflective fabrics. Reflective fabrics help in notify the person in the crowd or any kind of situations. Coast guards and even police sometimes have their dresses made up of the reflective life jackets.

There are many other numerous usability of the reflective fibers, making it the finest fabrics that are great in durability and usability as well.

Quilted Fabric
Quilting is the art of covering the fabrics for frontal and back, both the sides. The fabrics composed by the sides are generally said to be the quilting fabric. Quilted fabrics are generally made for products like bags, clothing and mattresses. Quilted fabrics can blend any of the material like cotton, polyesters, silk and many more including the wool. Quilted fabrics have been in the daily uses since ages. With the time, quilted fabric has been innovated and modernized in its composition and designs as well. Quilted fabric is also available in countless colors and shapes. Especially, the variety in the quilted fabric can be witnessed in the jackets and mattresses.

Quilted fabric is now the new status symbol, as masses take a great matter of pride in owning. Apart from the glaze and astounding looks, other reasons of the popularity of the quilted fabric are its unlimited usability. Quilted fabrics are soft in nature and hence can be threaded easily. Also, needs less maintenance, as is easily washable and dryable. The quilted fabrics can sustain the original high quality for the longer period of time than nay other fabrics availed in the market. At top of that, luxurious looking quilted fabric is priced at the most affordable rates for the common people.

Polyethylene Fabric
Polyethylene fabric is a distinct fabric that is highly acclaimed in the domestic and industrial sectors. Polyethylene fabric is known for its unmatchable density and strength that is superior to all others. Polyethylene fabric is a type of a synthetic fabric that is manufactured in the labs. The polymerizing the ethylene results in the stiffer product called polyethylene that is later used for the fabric. Polyethylene fabric is used for loads of purposes:
Domestic-polyethylene fabric is the finest replacement of the traditional fabrics for all kinds of bags. Polyethylene fabric is able to hold a lot more weight than previous ones. People like it as is very light and is wear and tear resistant. Also, it is highly elastic that makes it stretchy. It is used in various toys like jumping pads. Industrial-polyethylene fabric is used for machineries. Also, the tough woven fabric is used in the industries at the large scale. The newest technology in the polyethylene fabric has enhanced the usability of the fabric, like in manufacturing and packaging units.

Polyethylene fabric has many more purposes than above. That s why in the market, the demand of the polyethylene fabric is climbing day by day.

Narrow Fabric
Fabrics are something that we daily come across. With the clothing to the seats, the fabrics are the integral part of the lives. There are several sorts of the fabrics like synthetic fabrics, natural fabrics and many more depending upon their designs and usability. Narrow fabric is also the most commonly utilized fabrics in our daily lives. Narrow fabrics are the thicker version of the fabrics as its strands are thicker and stronger. That is why; narrow strands are used in the things that are used for heavy duties. The narrow fabric is availed in mainly in the following forms:
Laces- laces are used in shoes and many other tying purposes. Narrow fabrics in the laces make it strong and easy to grip on. In the recent times, there has been a revolution in the designs and shapes of the laces composed of narrow fabric. Now, laces, like ropes are commonly used in the daily appliances.

Tapes- narrow fabrics are used to make the tapes. These tapes are great in appearance and stiff in the quality. These tapes are used for wrapping, decorating and many other purposes.

In the modern times, the usability of the narrow fabric has grown as it is light and has a splendid durability. That is why; narrow fabrics are hugely demanded in the global marketplace

Laminated Fabric
Sometimes the apparels, bags, beds are needed to be protected from the dust and other outer particles. This can be carried out through the laminated fabric, used to laminate all kind of clothing, sheets, covers, hand bags and many more. Laminated fabric safeguards the core thing from any kind of external particles that hampers the quality and the glaze. Lamination is carried our by the covering the material with the protective film on all the sides. That does not let water to pass through, making the material completely safe. However it is not completely air tight as moisture is allowed to let in the for the longer life of the fabrics. Laminated fabric adds the durability and sustains the quality. In the recent developments, laminated fabric designs and shapes have been transformed with the undue assistance of the modern tools and techniques. Also, people have shown a great deal of zeal in the laminate fabrics because of its astounding glossiness and superior style. Today, laminated fabric is one of the prime fabrics used for the decoration and giving the interior a luxurious touch. In addition, the availability of the newest kind of the laminated fabric and those too at the most affordable prices has made it own by anyone

Flocked Fabric
Flocked fabrics are the fabrics composed of several fabrics. The combination of different elements makes the flocked fabric inherit all the nicest properties of them. The flocked fabric is greatly demanded in domestic and international market both making it the most money making fabric in the fabric industry. Flocked fabrics are manufactured and traded by the loads of the people as it is one of the fabrics that's demand is rising day and night. Also, the attractive offers for flocked fabrics have made consumers to make most of the profit. The reason behind such a reputable fame is its unending usability. Flocked fabric is used in clothing of all kinds and also in many others purposes as well. Flocked fabrics are used in shirts, pants, trousers, inner garments and etc. in addition is used in laces and as other packaging threads as well. Flocked fabrics are known for their extraordinary gripping capabilities and since are the finest material to carve shoes or others. In seats, carpets, the flocked fabric is the best component as it is

resistible all kinds of tribulations. Flocked fabric is availed in loads of nonpareil designs and shapes and can be shaped in any kind of moulds easily

Flame Resistant Fabric

Fire and many other casualties are very common in the daily lives. That is why people prefer fabrics that are flame resistible. The concept of the flame resistant fabric was possible due to the long research and experiments in the labs for several years. The first priority of the flame resistant fabric is that it should be convenient for the user. That means it should neither be too heavy nor too thin. Also, it should have a nice look that attracts the user. The good news is that such a high quality flame resistant fabric is now easily available. The latest flame resistant fabric is simply superb in fa ade and has the longest durability. Flame resistant fabric is used in variety of apparel and many others like curtains, sheets and many more. The flame resistant fabric is composed of chemicals and other components that make it easily hold in any amount of heat and flame. Also, does not loose the glaze or the quality level for a longer period of time. With the awareness in the masses, flame resistant fabric is becoming globally apt clothing and for many other usability. Also, with the pleasant intrusion of the big brands in the flame resistant fabric, has made it the latest trend amidst masses especially younger generation.

The techniques to identify the substance of textile yarn:

To determine what substance is of the yarn that you are looking at sometimes is difficult. It requires good knowledge and experience to make a good judgment. If you want to be very accurate you have to send it to a lab for a scientific analysis. However, there are some techniques to get the answer quickly. These are the methods which you can use to analyze the yarn ourselves without the help of any equipment.

Yarn type

Description

Cotton

When you untwist the yarn and pull out the staples from it, you will see that all the staples are less than 2. When you burn it, it burns to grayish white ash like residue of burning paper.

Silk

When you untwist, unravel the yarn and pull out the fibers from it you will see the fibers are too much longer than 2. They are very fine and soft. When you burn it, it burns to dark grey hard ash (like a bubble). You can crush it by hand into dust.

Ramie

When you untwist, unravel the yarn and pull out the fibers from it you will see that the fibers are much longer than 2.They are thick and stiff, not too pliable. When you burn it, it burns to grayish white as similar to cotton.

Wool

When you untwist, unravel the yarn and pull out the fibers from it you will see the fibers are longer than 2 and they are not very straight and not very fine and pliable. You would suspect either it is wool or synthetic. When you burn it, it gives you a very strong smell like burning human hair. During the process of burning it does not melt.

Synthetic

Unless you go for a sophisticated analysis by a laboratory, you cannot tell

what kind of synthetic fiber it is other than separating rayon from other synthetic materials.

Polyester, Nylon,acrylic

All These are from petroleum, therefore when we untwist, unravel the yarn and pull out the fiber from it you will see that the fiber length is very long and even in thickness. When you burn it, it melts first. When it catches fire the smoke is black.

Rayon

Rayon is made of pulp which comes from mashed wood and that is why it burns like paper or cotton. Polyester, nylon, acrylic etc are side products of petroleum and they burn like plastic or petroleum. It if is rayon, then when you untwist, unravel the yarn and pull you will see that the fiber length is very long, very soft and even in thickness. When you burn it, it burns like paper or cotton to grayish white ash. In the process of burning you do not see anything melting.

The above is the guideline to find out approximately what substance it is. It needs good experience and skill to do it. If you practice often you can tell what it is without much difficulty. If you need to know the percentage of the blended yarn, you have to use a laboratory to do an analysis. If you only wish to know what they are, you can use the above methods.

Properties of major Textile Fibers and Fabrics

Natural Properties Cotto n Flax Wool Silk Manmade Cellulosic Acetat e Viscose / Rayon Manmade Non-Cellulosic Acryli c Nylo n Polyeste r Spande x

Abrasion Resistance Absorbancy Flexibility

Good 8.5% Fair

Fair 12%

Fair 13.5 %

Fair 11%

Poor 6.5%

Fair 11% Good

Fair 1.5% Good

Excellent

Good

Good 15% Good

2.8%- 0.4% 4.8% Good Fair

Poor Good Exce- Excellent llent 20-40 20 99 90 25-45 48-65

Elasticity @70F, 65% R.H. % Elongation at 3.0-10 3 Break % Recovery Environment Mildew Resistance Poor Fair Good Good Excellent W/D DC C 300 325 Fair W/DC Excellent W/DC Excellent Excellent Excellent W/DC 75 65 15-30 95 35-45 92 16-75 19-55 82100 81 400-700 99

Renovation W/DC (Wash/DryClean ) sAFE iRONING lIMIT (r;F) Sunlight Resistance Handfeel 400 Fair Good

W/D DC C 450 300

W/DC W/DC

350 Fair Good

300 Excellent Good

350 Poor Fair

325 Good Fair

300 Fair Poor

Good Good Poor Good Fair Fair- Exce- ExceExce- llent llent

llent Pilling Resitance Good Resiliency Specific Gravity Static Resistance Dry Strength Poor 1.54 Good Good Fair Good Good Fair 1.32 Fair 1.2-1.5 Good Poor 1.481.54 Good 1.2-3.0 PoorGood 30%50% No Fair Good 1.141.19 Poor Poor Very Poor Excellent Excellent 1.21 Excellent 0.07-1.0 Very Poor 0 Yes

Poor Good Fair 1.52 1.32 1.3 Fair 2.45.1

Good Excellent 1.14 Poor 1.38 Vary Poor 3.0-6.0 Excellent 0 Yes

Good Fair 0.82.0

3.0-5.0 3.56.0 Good

2.0-3.5 2.57.3 Fair 20% Yes Excellent 10% Yes

Exce- Poor llent +10% 20% No No

Good Poor 15% No 30% Yes

Strength Loss when Wet Thermoplastic

+10% No