JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

INVESTIGATION REPORT: PROJECT 1

DIPLOMA : ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

ACADEMIC SESSION :DISEMBER 2019
TITLE : ALCOHOL LEVEL DETECTOR
FOR DRIVER’S SAFETY USING
MQ-3 SENSOR

NAME : 1.

SUPERVISOR :DR.FIZATUL AINI BT PATAKOR

COMMENT :

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction 3
Problem Statement 3
Project Objectives 4
Scope of the Project and Constraints 4
Literature Review 5
Project Analysis 8
1.6.1 Cost Estimation 8
1.6.2 Project Duration 9
1.6.3 Project Usability 11
Evaluate Feasibility 11
1.7.1 Technical Resources 11
1.7.2 Financial Resources 12
Conclusion and Recommendation 12
1.8.1 Conclusion 12
1.8.2 Recommendation 13
1.8.3 Benefit to Organization /Society/Nation/Others 13
REFERENCES 14

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 INVESTIGATION REPORT

Introduction

Recently, our nation has been stunned by the news that mischances rates in this nation are
rising due to intoxicated driving to death. This may be an exceptionally genuine issue since
the community feel risky. In contrast, they on the street even though they are driving
legitimately but still have an irresponsible street client are driving when they are beneath
the impact of alcohol. In Malaysia, it still not concerned about the establishment of liquor
finders within the car. This venture's primary thought is to plan a kind of framework that
can limit intoxicated driving and move forward the start framework of car when identifying
the liquor concentration. In this extend, it is counting five sections of the full model. First,
the section is the sensor section, display section, alarm section, ignition system section, and
the GPS module section. This model comprises the liquor sensor to distinguish the esteem
of liquor concentration in human breath—this sensor associated with starting framework to
allow the function of car ignition system.

Problem Statement

Nowadays, most people have their own luxury car, but the safety system in their car
still not enough to prevent any accidents from happening. For example,the big issue right
now is about the accidents happened cause of drunk driving. This accidents very awful
because sometime the innocent road users became victims leading to death. This is unfair
to the families of the victims to lose their loved one. It has been known that alcohol use
impairs driving skills and increase accident risk. It has been found that while driving under
the influence of alcohol the risk of having an accident causing injury or death increase
exponentially. The common problem that driver needs to face when they are in drunk is
they cannot control themselves. The first problem is about the ignition system of the car,it
still can be started even the driver under the influence alcohol. This situation very dangerous
to themselves and community because they cannot control and drive the car properly. Next,
when the driver drives a car with the unconscious situation and sometimes loses control, it
causes accidents. Lastly, sometimes when the accident happens the close contacts feel so
hard to find or detect the location. It takes a long time to detect the location of the car when
accident happened.

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 Project Objectives

• The main objective of this project is to design a kind of system which can restrict
the behavior of drunk driving and to improve the ignition system of car when detect
the alcohol concentration. More specifically the principle objective of this research
are:

1. To design and develop a circuit that can detect the alcohol concentration
level.
2. To design and develop a circuit that can display the concentration level of
alcohol (in part per million) for certain level (low, medium and high
concentration).
3. To design and develop a system that produce the sound when the
concentration at the high level .

Scope of the Project and Constraints

The main focus of this project is that it only detected alcohol concentration before the driver
started the car. If the concentration of alcohol are over the limits and unsafe for drunken
driver from driving. The ignition system of car will turn off when the sensor's signal shows
the value of alcohol concentration. That automatically the car disable to start. It can prevent
the driver from lost control while driving. When the car can not be created, the GPS module
automatically sends the information and location of the cars to close contact.This project
includes hardware and software. This project will be realized using a prototype that imitates
the real function of car ignition. This is done due to the limitation of implementation in a
real car system that can consume many costs. This project only focuses on preventing the
car from igniting before the driver starts driving. However, the designed system will not
detect while the driver is drunk and get drunk while driving. The reason is to prevent the
car from stopping suddenly, which can causes accidents.

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 Literature Review

N TITLE/AUTHO OBJECTIVE METHOD RESULT

O R
1 ➢ Vehicle This project aims to -This project is -The ignition system
Accident develop vehicle developed by will operate based on
Prevention accident prevention by integrated the the level of blood
System a method of alcohol alcohol sensor alcohol
Embedded detector to reduce with a content(BAC) from
with Alcohol traffic accident cases microcontroller. human breath
Detector. based on driving under The alcohol detected by the
(M.H the influence of sensor used in alcohol sensor. It
Mohamad, alcohol. this project is will then send the
2013) MQ-3 which to signal to
detect the PIC16F8776A for
presence of further process,
alcohol content in which involves the
human breath. LCD display, alarm
and ignition system.
➢ Alcohol -The main aim of this -This project is -The sensor will be
Detector with project is to develop a include MQ-3 fixed near the
Auto-Ignition system that can detect sensor .This driver's seat.The
(Guleria, the alcohol content in sensor will driver should breath
Manisha, the breath of the driver detected the value to the system before
Saini, Shah, & and automatically turn of alcohol start the car. If the
Bijalwan, off the car if the concentration in concentration of
2017) alcohol percentage the air and alcohol detected is
exceeds the limit. transform this below the car can
value to voltage started normally but
signal and if the concentration
through the is alcohol is above
arduino board the system will send
which is used the alarm to the driver.
Arduino Mega
ADK .After the
arduino board
transform the
uncountable
voltage signals to
countable analog
signal and finally
send the signal to
the cellphone by
connecting

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3 ➢ Dizziness -The objective of this -The breath -The system decides
Detector in project is to develop a analyzer will to enable or disable
Cars. safety system which connected to the the ignition system
(Subashka, consist of system that ignition system and alarm.This
Prakash, are breath alcohol system of the car system will be useful
Fartyal, & detector,ignition and if the alcohol to control accidents
Habib, 2018) switch limits exceeds the happening because
controller,pinhole ignition system is of dizziness.
camera setup,Arduino automatically
setup,GPS module turned off. The
car's infotainment cars also have a
system and an alarm. camera installed
which used to
check the driver's
condition and turn
the alarm then the
cars automatically
send the location
of the cars to the
important
contacts.
4 ➢ An IOT Based -The main aim of this -Detection of -The system has
Alarm System paper is to develop a drowsiness is been successfully
in Car for non-intrusive system introduced which implement which
Traffic,Alcoh which can detect can monitor the produces an outcome
ol and driver's drowsiness and eye movement that such a system
Drowsiness prompt and timely and eye blinking can help in
Detection and warning. of the driver at avoidance of sudden
Accident regular intervals unintended
Prevention. during driving.If acceleration and also
(Roy, S.Sibi, required,can help driver awaken
V.Vengataram provide an while driving. Plus it
anan, & audible alarm can avoidance of any
V.Gowri) when seat belt traffic accident.
and alcohol
sensor detects
within the vehicle
alert the
driver.Under such
situations,uninten
ded acceleration
avoidance system
decides the
correct pedal and
raise the brake
whenever
mistakenly
accelerator is
been raised.

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 5 ➢ Alcohol -This system provides The alcohol -Thus, we can reduce
Detection a unique method to sensor is alcohol related road
System. curb drunken people embedded on the accidents and hence
(James, C, & by detect the content steering of the these kinds of
John, 2014) of alcohol in the breath car. When the detectors have a
and thus it attempts to driver starts great relevance. It
clamp down ignition , the can also be used in
alcoholics. sensor measures schools, colleges,
the content of the offices and some
alcohol in his public places such as
breath. It hospitals, libraries
automatically etc.
switches off the
car if it is
drunken.the
system sensor
delivery to the
pic-
microcontroller
for comparison
and if the value
reaches the
threshold,relay
cut off
automatically the
buzzer produced
sound.

Based on previous study, that has been conducted. Whenever the driver starts
ignition, the sensor measures the content of the alcohol in his breath and automatically
switches off the car if he is drunken. In this system the sensor delivers a current with a linear
relationship to the alcohol molecules from zero to very high concentration. The output of
the sensor is fed to the pic- micro controller for comparison. If the measured value reaches
the threshold, relay cut off automatically and the buzzer produces sound. Form this article
we learn a few thing about components. It also give new idea to put some improvement for
this project. For example,the project consist five section of the whole prototype. First
section is sensor section, display section, alarm section, ignition system section and lastly
GPS module section. From this prototype, it consists alcohol sensor which is to detect the
value of alcohol concentration in human breath. This sensor connected to ignition system
to give a signal to the car. After the sensor detected the alcohol it will display the level of
concentration on the OLED display and if the level are unsafe for a driver to drive, the
ignition system automatically turned off and the buzzer produced sound. Lastly, the car

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automatically send the location of the cars to the close contact.This improvement quite good
because we put GPS module to detect the location of the drunk driving.

Figure 1.0: General grchitecture of the proposed project

Project Analysis

1.6.1 Cost Estimation

This project involves the cost of purchasing components and materials throughout its
implementation components involving cost hardware. Most of the hardware components is
get from an online purchase. Before buy the component, a survey was made into several
online shops to compare prices, such as Shopee, Lazada, Element 14 and RS Component .
This method to make it easier as well because it will save time and costs.

The overall gross budget estimate in the implementation of this project is RM 800.00 and
other expenses are at RM 400.00, as shown in Table 1. This project compared to another
task that can cost over a thousand ringgit according to this budget cost. The project's price
is also in line with one of the key features of a good project developer that is low cost but
has a high-quality project.

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 Table 1: List of Components and Materials

NO. Component and Materials The unit price Quantity Total

1. Arduino Mega RM 34.90 2 RM 69.80
2. Piezo Buzzer RM 2.50 3 RM 7.50
3. MQ-3 Sensor RM 6.50 3 RM 19.50
4. Oled Display RM 10.90 2 RM 19.80
5. Male to Female jumper RM 3.00 1 RM 3.00
6. Male to Male jumper RM 5.60 1 RM 5.60
7. GPS Module RM 20.00 1 RM 20.00
8. Ignition switch RM 40.00 1 RM 40.00
9. Wooden board RM 13.90 4 RM 55.60
10. Alcohol RM 18.00 1 RM18.00
11. Screw RM6.80 1 RM 6.80
12. Breadboard RM 5.80 1 RM 5.80
13. Auxiliary components
TOTAL RM 300.00
13. craftsman RM 300.00
14. Arduina short RM 100.00
15. Application RM 50.00
16. Electrical Source RM 50.00
TOTAL RM 800.00

1.6.2 Project Duration

N WEEK/PRO DURATION W W W W W W W W W W1 W W W W
O JECT (DAYS) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 11 12 13 14
ACTIVITY
1 Project 1 days
briefing
2 Discussion & 4 days
choosing the
project title
3 Prepare 3 days
infographic of
proposed
project
4 Survey 1 days
Costing
5 Prepare 1 week
investigation
report
6 Prepare and 1 days
Submit
Investigation
Report Draf

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7 Presentation 1 days
Investigation
Report
8 Construction
circuit 1
9 Construction
circuit 2
10 Final project
presentation
11 Prepare &
Proposal
12 Submit
Proposal

Table 2 : Detail About the Project Activity

WEEK/PROJECT ACTIVITY EXPLANATION

Discussion & choosing the project - Find related article from google scolar
title and academia about the similar project
- Reading the article and find out the
objectives, method and result from the
article
- Proposed a project depend on the
drawback of available product and also
introduce a low cost project
Prepare infographic of proposed - Drawing infographic of the project based
project on the proposed project
- Identify all circuit that need to be done in
this project
- Find related circuit in internet and study
its function of the circuit
Survey Costing - Based on the proposed circuit use from
infographic, identify the component
involved
- Do survey from several related website
to get the best price and quality with also
concerning about environmental aspect
such as RoHS compliance.
Prepare investigation report - Do investigation report based on the
template.

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 1.6.3 Project Usability

This prototype's main focus is for the vehicle users because the most serious accidents
happened causes of drunk driving. That means that driving under drunken conditions is why
this prototype exists because it reduces the number of accidents caused by drunk driving.
That show most of the drunken driver can not control their car properly. Next, this prototype
also provides the level of alcohol concentration by display on LCD. This is very useful for
certain government departments such as Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan Raya and police
because they can collect all data for some research based on the display of alcohol
concentration. Lastly, this project can less worry for family members because they do not
need to worry about safety if someone is in drunken condition. One of this prototype's
functions is to avoid the car ignition system from started if it detected the higher alcohol
concentration and save time if the family member detected the drunken driver's location.

Evaluate Feasibility

1.7.1 Technical Resources

This project includes five sections of the whole prototype. The first section is the sensor
section, display section, alarm section, ignition system section, and GPS module section. In
this project, it is compacted in one small box that we call a prototype that included the whole
section in a prototype. This section will be connected at the breadboard using the Arduino
Mega to ensure the entire section will be connected and did its function. For example, the
MQ-3 sensor connected with OLED display using Arduino Mega other loops. When the
sensor detected the concentration of alcohol in ppm (parts per million) and showed the level
of concentration at OLED display and the buzzer produced a sound. Then the give the signal
to the ignition switch either it enables or disables to start. If the ignition system is disabled,
the GPS module provides the information with and location to the drunken driver's close
contact. Below is the explanation of the main component that will be use in this project and
how it can be get.

1. Arduino

• Arduino Mega is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54

digital input/output pins (of which 14 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog

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 inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB
connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
• It can easily get from online market

2. MQ-3 Sensor

• MQ-3 Sensor module is made using Alcohol Gas Sensor MQ3. It is a low cost
semiconductor sensor which can detect the presence of alcohol gases at
concentrations from 0.05 mg/L to 10 mg/L. The sensitive material used for this
sensor is SnO2, whose conductivity is lower in clean airSPDT relay
• It can easily get from online market

3. NEO-6M GPS Module

• It can track up to 22 satellites on 50 channels and achieves the industry’s highest level of
sensitivity i.e. -161 dB tracking, while consuming only 45mA supply current. Unlike other
GPS modules, it can do up to 5 location updates a second with 2.5m Horizontal position
accuracy
• It can easily get from online market

1.7.2 Financial Resources

For the financial resource in this project, most of the basic components and material used
in this project are using our own money because we don't have a sponsor. The cost
projection is estimated at RM 800, an estimation of RM 400 per person. This cost is under
the budget, and this is quite cheaper than the others project. The development cost is still
feasible for six months with only RM 133.30 per month, which comes out to RM 66 per
person for six months. It is viable and achievable based on the investigation conducted.

Conclusion and Recommendation

1.8.1 Conclusion

As a result, we try to prove to community that even our product is just a prototype it still
can be function as high quality project.Then, even our project is low cost it still can reduce
and prevent the accidents caused of drunk driving because the main purpose of this project

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is to avoid the driver under the influence of alcohol from driving.Next,we can save time if
we try to detect the location of the drunker because we can straight to the place and no waste
our energy to find them.Lastly,the number of accidents causes of alcohol can be reduce.

1.8.2 Recommendation

The design of the project is only in the small kit, and customers can choose whether or
not to instal it in their vehicle. Based on the observations, the best recommendation for
future projects is to integrate the device directly into the vehicles, rather than using a kit.
As a result, customers must have this device installed in their vehicle. The next
recommendation is to change the system, such as controlling the ignition system when
alcohol concentration is detected while driving. Only the ignition system can be turned off
before driving, according to this project. Finally, since this project can only submit the
longitude and latitude of the location, it can be enhanced by tracking the location and direct
using Google Maps. As a result of the enhancement, it would be easier to spot the location
of an intoxicated driver.

1.8.3 Benefit to Organization /Society/Nation/Others

At the end of this project, we hope that this prototype that we produce called as a alcohol
level detector for car ignition system will contribute and give benefits to everyone
especially to our country. It is because this project can reduce the rate of accidents caused
by drunk drivers to our country. It meant, the accident happened caused of drunk drivers
are not one of the top accidents happened in Malaysia. So, less worry to the road user
because no need to worry if the drunk drivers lost control while driving. Next, it can save
time to someone to detected the drunk drivers. Lastly, the others benefits is no need to do
report police to find the location of the drivers it automatically can less burden to policeman.

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REFERENCES

Guleria, M., Manisha, Saini, M., Shah, S., & Bijalwan, A. (2017). Alcohol Detector with Auto-
Ignition. International Journal of Communication Systems and Network Technologies, 64-
69.
James, N., C, A., & John, T. P. (2014). Alcohol Detection System. International Journal of
Research in Computer and Communication Technology, 59-64.
M.H Mohamad, M. A. (2013). Vehicle Accident Prevention System Embedded with. International
Journal of Review in Electronics & Communication Engineering (IJRECE), 100-102.
Roy, J., S.Sibi, V.Vengataramanan, & V.Gowri. (n.d.). An IOT Based Alarm System in Car for
Traffic Alcohol and Drowsiness Detection and Accident Prevention. Int. Jnl. Of Advanced
Networking & Applications (IJANA), 256-258.
Subashka, S., Prakash, M., Fartyal, S., & Habib, O. (2018). Dizziness Detector in Cars.
International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Engineering Research (IJETER), 27-
29.

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