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Unit Task - Introduction To Statistical Inference and Summary of The Different Basic Statistical Tests (I)

1. The teacher conducted a pre-quiz and post-quiz to test if there was a significant difference in scores. A paired t-test showed a significant difference, so the null hypothesis that there is no difference was rejected. 2. A student tracked spending at two food courts to see if there was a significant cost difference. An independent t-test showed a significant difference, so the null hypothesis was rejected. 3. A researcher tested runners' 100m times with and without a "wonder wristband." A paired t-test showed no significant difference, so the null hypothesis that there is no difference was not rejected.

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205 views

Unit Task - Introduction To Statistical Inference and Summary of The Different Basic Statistical Tests (I)

1. The teacher conducted a pre-quiz and post-quiz to test if there was a significant difference in scores. A paired t-test showed a significant difference, so the null hypothesis that there is no difference was rejected. 2. A student tracked spending at two food courts to see if there was a significant cost difference. An independent t-test showed a significant difference, so the null hypothesis was rejected. 3. A researcher tested runners' 100m times with and without a "wonder wristband." A paired t-test showed no significant difference, so the null hypothesis that there is no difference was not rejected.

Uploaded by

Kia Grace
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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David, Nokia Grace B.

BSMLS 2-Y1-5

Unit Task- Introduction to Statistical Interference and Summary of the Different


Basic Statistical Test (I)
Study Questions:
Using the steps in hypothesis testing, test the following hypothesis using the
appropriate test statistic. Manually compute for them first then use computer software
and then compare your results.
1. A teacher would like to know if the class will be able to absorb the lecture from a
guest speaker, so he made them take a pre-quiz before the lecture and a post-
quiz after the lecture. The teacher would like to know if there is a significant
difference between the pre-quiz scores and the postquiz scores of the students
(note that they are in a specific order).
1. Pre – quiz: 14, 12, 16, 15, 10, 14, 15
2. Post – quiz: 25, 25, 26, 23, 21, 24, 25 Answer:
• Identify the given.
• Formulate the hypothesis. o Alternative: There is a significant
difference between pre-quiz and post-quiz.
o Null: There is no significant difference between
pre-quiz and post quiz.
• Determine the tails of the test. o 2-tailed test Select the test.
o T-test (paired) – 1 group/ observed twice
Compute and Conclude.
Pre-quiz Post-quiz
Mean 13.71428571 24.14286
Variance 4.238095238 2.809524
Observation 7 7
Person Count 0.689999848 0.69
Hypothesize Mean Diff. 0 0
Degree of Freedom 6 6
t Stat -18.25 18.25
P(T<=t) one-tail 8.71641E-07 8.72E-07
t Critical one-tail 1.943180281 1.94318
P(T<=t) two-tail 1.74328E-06 1.74E-06
t Critical two-tail 2.446911851 2.446912
o Reject the null hypothesis

o Accept the alternative hypothesis

Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the pre-


quiz and post-quiz scores of the students.
•
David, Nokia Grace B. BSMLS 2-Y1-5

2. A student would like to know which establishment would allow him to save more
money from everyday food costs. He is choosing between AVM and Hollywood
Terraces, so he traced his spending in both establishments for 1 school week
each, his data is as follows:
1. AVM: 97, 85, 69, 105, 105
2. HT: 60, 45, 60, 75, 100
Find out if there is a significant difference in his spending between the two food courts.
Answer:
• Identify the given.
• Formulate the hypothesis. o Alternative: There is a significant difference
between AVM and Hollywood Terraces.
o Null: There is no significant difference between AVM and Hollywood Terraces.
• Determine the tails of the test. o 2-tailed test Select the test. o Z-test
(Independent) – 2 groups/ observed twice
• Compute and Conclude.

AVM HT
Mean 92.2 68
Variance 188.16 346
Std. Dev. 13.7171 18.6011
Observation 5 5
Person Correlation 0.636479358 0.636479358
Hypothesize Mean Diff. 0 0
Degree of Freedom 4 4
z Stat 2.341341088 2.341
P(Z<=z) one-tail 0.009607302 0.009607302
z Critical one-tail 1.644853627 1.644853627
P(Z<=z) two-tail 0.019214604 0.019214604
z Critical two-tail 1.959963985 1.96

Conclusion: I conclude that null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference


between the two food courts.
David, Nokia Grace B. BSMLS 2-Y1-5

3. A sports researcher would like to determine if the “wonder wristband” can increase
the speed of runners. He took the 100m dash time for 6 runners before wearing
the bracelet, their time follows:
9.82, 10.12, 7.89, 8.12, 8.59, 8.49 and then the same runners’ time while wearing
the bracelet: 9.99, 10.52, 7.50, 6.54, 8.99, 6.87. Find out if there is a significant
difference in time without the bracelet and with bracelet.

Answer:
• Identify the given.
• Formulate the hypothesis. o Alternative: There is a significant difference
between runners without bracelet and runners with bracelet. o Null: There is no
significant difference between runners without bracelet and runners with
bracelet.
• Determine the tails of the test.
o 2-tailed test • Select the test.
o T-test (paired) – 1 group/ observed twice

Compute and Conclude.


Without Bracelet With Bracelet
Mean 8.838333333 8.401666667
Variance 0.840936667 2.796216667
Observation 6 6
Person Correlation 0.893939438 0.893939438
Hypothesize Mean Diff. 0 0
Degree of Freedom 5 5
t Stat 1.130268321 1.1303
P(T<=t) one-tail 0.154824049 0.15489
t Critical one-tail 2.015048373 2.015048373
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.309648097 0.309648097
t Critical two-tail 2.570581836 2.571

Conclusion: I conclude that null hypothesis is rejected. There is no significant difference


between runners with bracelet and runners without bracelet.

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