ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am thankful to CBSE and Delhi Public School, Ranchi for introducing and implementing
so creative and imaginative project work . Doing this project was worth my time , I got deep
knowledge about the greatness of my country and culture while doing this project.

I am overwhelmed in all humbleness and gratefulness to acknowledge my depth to all those

who have helped me to put these ideas well above the level of simplicity and into something
creative.

I am very thankful to Dr. Ram Singh , Principal ,DPS Ranchi for encouraging me and also
giving me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project which made me do a lot of
Research Work and hence enhancing my analytical and logical skills.

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my English teacher, Mrs. Kaushiki
Banerjee whose wonderful guidance helped me in the project.

Any attempt to any level can’t be satisfactorily completed without the support and guidance
of parents. I would like to give my special thanks to my parents who helped me gather a lot
information ,collecting data and guiding me from time to time in making this project .I would
also like to thank my little brother for his cooperation.

Name- ANUSHKA THAKUR

Class/Sec- XI - G

Roll no. - 11

Delhi Public School, Ranchi

 Index
Sl. No. Content Page Number
1 Buddhist influence on Chinese art and
culture

2 Hindu influence on Chinese art and

culture

3 Indian Influence on Chinese medicine

4 Indian Influence On Chinese Science

And Technology

5 Conclusion
6 Bibliography
 Indian Influence on Chinese Culture and
Arts

Indo-Sino Relations date back as far as 2000 years ago from present. It all
started with merchants carrying out trade and business ventures from both the
countries. There were regular trade relations between both countries from
around 140 BCE. With these merchants came scholars, missionaries, doctors,
artisans and many more.

Buddhist influence on Chinese art and culture

Buddhist Monks who came from India via the Silk Road, in 1st and 2nd century
CE for first time introduced the Chinese people to Buddhism.

The official account puts introduction of Buddhism into China, places the event
to be around 65 AD. Introduction of Buddhism had a profound impact on
China. We can even see this today in Chinese Monuments of Art like
The Guishan Guanyin of the Thousand Hands and Eyes is located
in Ningxiang, Hunan province, and is the fourth-tallest statue in China, and the
sixth-tallest in the world. It is a gilded bronze monument depicting a
manifestation of the Bodhisattva Guanyin known as Shiyimian Qianshou
Guanyin meaning the "Eleven-headed Thousand-armed Guanyin", which
stands at 99 m (325 ft) tall.

Another Example is ,The Spring Temple Buddha  is a colossal

statue depicting Vairocana Buddha located in the Zhaocun township of Lushan
County, Henan, China, built from 1997 to 2008. It is located within
the Fodushan Scenic Area, close to National Freeway no. 311. At 128 metres
(420 ft), excluding a 25 metres (82 ft) lotus throne, it is the second-tallest
statue in the world after the Statue of Unity in Gujarat, India
 (a) (b)

Monuments of Chinese Arts influenced by Buddhism .

(a) Guishan Guanyin Statue of thousand Hands and Eyes

(b) Spring Temple Buddha

The Leshan Giant Buddha is a 71-metre (233 ft) tall stone statue, built

between 713 and 803 (during the Tang dynasty). It is carved out of a cliff face
of Cretaceous red bed sandstones that lies at the confluence of the Min
River and Dadu River in the southern part of Sichuan province in China, near
the city of Leshan.

The stone sculpture faces  towards Mount Emei, with the rivers flowing below
its feet. It is the largest and tallest stone Buddha statue in the world  and it is
by far the  tallest pre-modern statue in the world.
The Grand Buddha is located on the north shore of Lake Tai,
near Wuxi, Jiangsu. It is one of the largest Buddha statues in China and also in
the world. The Grand Buddha at Ling Shan is
a bronze Amitabha standing Buddha outdoor, weighing over 700 metric tons
(690 long tons; 770 short tons). It was completed at the end of 1996. The
monument is 88 meters (289 ft) in total height, including 9 m lotus pedestal

In year 65 AD, Han emperor, Ming Ti’s ambassadors brought two

Indian monks, Dharamratna and Kasayapa Matanga to China. The
monks brought with them sacred text and relics. They spent rest of their life
translating the texts from Sanskrit.

The monks of Kuchi took a leading part in the propagation of Buddhism

in China from 4th A.D. The greatest of them was Kumarajiva. .He went to
Kashmir, studied Buddhist literature and philosophy. After Kuchi lost the war
to China, the Chinese took him as a prisoner in 383 A.D. From then on till 412
A.D. he translated more than 100 Sanskrit texts and was the first to interpret
the Mahayana philosophy in China . Buddhist monks from Kashmir went in
large numbers to China in the 4th, 5th, and 6th centuries A.D. e.g. Buddhayasa,
Gunavarman. Visits by monks from India aroused great interest amongst the
Chinese about Buddhism and Indian culture and got some of them to visit
India.

Indian Monk Kumaravijaya in Chinese styled painting

Tao-ngan, a Chinese monk urged other monks to visit the holy land i.e. India.
One of the more known names is Fa-hien who entered India in 399 A.D.
through Kashmir. He visited modern day Patna, read and learnt Sanskrit
books, copied the Vinaya rules and introduced them in China. During the rule
of the Tsin dynasty . 263 Buddhist text were translated into Chinese.

Statue of Fa Hien and his records on Buddhist Kingdoms.

The Tang dynasty ruled China from 618 to 907 A.D. It constitutes the most
glorious chapter in Chinese history, when China came under one political
authority. Intercourse with India and Buddhist influence peaked during this
period. The Nalanda University attracted Chinese in large numbers. They
learnt Buddhism, Brahmanical philosophy, maths, astronomy and medicine.

The most well known monk to visit India during this period was Hiuen Tsang.
He came to India in 630 A.D. and left in 645 A.D. On his return he received a
royal ovation. In India such an honor was usually given to the kings on their
return from a successful military expedition. That Tsang was thought worthy of
such a treatment speaks volumes of the veneration the Chinese had for
Buddhism and Indian culture. His book SI-YU-KI gave a strong impetus to the
love of Indian culture in China.

Another famous monk was I-tsing.He spent ten years in Nalanda and returned
to China with 4,000 Sanskrit manuscripts containing more than 50,000
slokhas. He compiled a Sanskrit-Chinese dictionary.

Another Indian who went to China was a Nalanda scholar, Prabhakaramitra.

scholar. He translated a number of Buddhists text into Chinese. Buddhists
Tantras are known to have been translated into Chinese in the 8th century.

It is a sad reality that a lot of the Sanskrit Buddhists literature is almost lost in
India but is available in the Chinese translation.

Hindu influence on Chinese art and culture

 Not only Buddhism but Hinduism also influenced Chinese culture.
Shaivite Tamil Merchants brought Hinduism to Chinese lands. Evidence of
Tamil Shiva motif sand temples such as Kaiyuan temple were found in
Southeast China. Evidence of Hinduism in China has been found in and
around Quanzhou in Fujian province, suggesting a Hindu community and
particularly Tamil Hindu traders in medieval China. The evidence consists of a
Tamil-Chinese bilingual inscription dated April 1281 AD, devoted to the
deity Śiva, as well as over 300 artifacts, idols and Chola-style temple
structures discovered in Fujian province since 1933. Archaeological studies
suggest Vaishnavism and Shaivism schools of Hinduism had arrived in China
in its history.

Kaiyuan Temple, Quanzhou

Although Hinduism is a little-practiced religion in China, it had a significant,

but indirect role in influencing Chinese culture through Buddhist beliefs,
practices and traditions (which share a common Dharmic root with Hinduism)
which diffused and spread to China from India from the 1st or 2nd century CE
onwards.

Traces of Hinduism's influence on Chinese culture can be found in Chinese

Buddhism, which has syncretized many Hindu deities within its pantheon. One
example is the Chinese Buddhist belief in the Twenty-Four Devas, a grouping
of protective dharmapalas (“Protector of dharma”) of Buddhism. Twenty-one
of the devas in the group consists of deities borrowed from Hinduism,
including, but not limited to, Dàzìzàitiān (Shiva), Dìshìtiān (Indra),
Dàfàntiān (Brahma), Jíxiáng Tiānnǚ (Lakshmi), Biàncáitiān (Saraswati)
and Yánmóluówáng (Yama). Statues of the Twenty-Four Devas are enshrined
in many Chinese Buddhist temples and monasteries, usually in the Mahavira
Hall.

Ancient Vaishnava carvings discovered in Quanzhou, China.

From top left clockwise : Vamshidhar Krishna, Narasimha Krishna, Yamal

Arjuna Trees ,Krishna.
Statue of  Dàzìzàitiān  (Shiva) in a  Chinese Buddhist  temple
in  Putuoshan  Guanyin Dharma Realm in  Zhejiang, China

Carvings of Lord Shiva from the Hindu temples at Quanzhou

The Chinese texts from the 2nd through the 12th centuries AD suggest some 150
scholars focused on translating various Hindu Sanskrit texts into
Chinese. Vedas were referred to as ming-lun (science of knowledge) or zhi-
lun (science of intelligence).

Ancient Chinese scholars also translated various

other Samhitas and Shastras. Some Sanskrit texts whose original and all
translations have been lost in India due to the following Islamic conquest of
India, have been located in China - for example, Jin Qi Shi Lun  is a surviving
translation of Sankhya-Karika.

Another example of influential translations is credited to Yijing's translation of

hymns from Harivamsa , which is well known account of god Krishna and an
appendix to the Hindu Epic Mahabharata.
Yijing translated few Harivamsa hymns meant for goddess Durga, but
associated them with goddess Sarasvati. This Hindu concept of a goddess of
knowledge, music, arts and inner power became fused with elements of a
goddess with militant power, which then became known as the Chinese
Biàncáitiān, one of the Twenty-Four Devas still enshrined in modern Chinese
Buddhist temples.

In addition to Shiva, a Vishnu sculpture has been discovered in Nanjiaochang

area. Two pillars on the Kaiyuan temple have seven images dedicated to
Vishnu - one with Garuda, one in the man-lion Narasimha avatar, one
depicting the legend of Gajendra Moksha, one with Lakshmi, one
as Krishna stealing milkmaids clothing to tease them, one depicting the story
of Vishnu as Krishna subduing serpent Kaliya, and another of Krishna
in Mahabharata.

Vishnu  sculpture discovered in Nanjiaochang area

Indian Influence on Chinese medicine

Science and technology display the phenomenon of universalisation in their
development through the ages. It is achieved through intentional or unintentional
transmission of ideas and techniques from one culture area to another. In ancient
times it usually was spread over a longer period of time, even a few centuries,
unlike present times. One such interesting transmission occurred between India
and China during medieval period when Sino-Indian Buddhist contacts were
followed by scientific/medical contacts as well.
 The origin of this transmission is traced to the Buddhist canonical literature in
Chinese which sprang up with the introduction of Buddhism into China in the late
Han period. Chinese historical, popular literature as well as medical works then
reflected the influence of Indian medicine for over a millennium.

Two Chinese works on ophthalmology, which appeared between the 8th and the
12th century AD, were attributed to Nagarjuna indicating inclusion of Indian
ophthalmological material into Chinese medicine. These writings exhibit an
integration of the two medical systems. The silk route which linked China to India,
Arabia and further west was thus a bridge between the eastern and western
civilisation, as well as promoting scientific exchanges and mutual cooperation
along with exchange of goods.

Through the Silk Road, Chinese medicine has different degrees of absorption on
different levels of indic medicine.

Acupuncture, a component of Traditional Chinese Medicine, is well known to

have been originated in ancient China and propagated to neighboring countries
including India and now throughout the world. India having an ancient
civilization had a rich traditional medicine called Ayurveda which consisted of
herbal medicine, surgery, yoga and ‘Suchi veda’ treatment. Ayurveda gained
popularity throughout the ancient India and was also disseminated into the
neighbors. Suchi veda was like a pricking therapy but there is no record of its
consistent practice afterwards throughout the Christian era and Middle Ages.

CHINESE ACUPUNTURE POINTS

In traditional practices of Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine, numerous plants
have been used to treat cognitive disorders, including neurodegenerative
diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). An ethnopharmacological approach
has provided leads to identifying potential new drugs from plant sources,
including those for cognitive disorders.
Many drugs currently available in Western medicine were originally isolated
from plants, or are derived from templates of compounds isolated from plants.
Some anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) alkaloids isolated from plants have been
investigated for their potential in the treatment of AD, and are now in clinical
use.
Galantamine, isolated from several plants including LYCORIS
RADIATA Herb., which was used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is
licensed in the United Kingdom for the treatment of mild to moderate AD.
Various other plant species have shown pharmacological activities relevant to
the treatment of cognitive disorders, indicating potential for therapeutic use in
disorders such as AD. This article reviews some of the plants and their active
constituents that have been used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine and TCM for
their reputed cognitive-enhancing or antiageing effects.
Plants and their constituents with pharmacological activities that may be
relevant for the treatment of cognitive disorders, including enhancement of
cholinergic function in the central nervous system (CNS), anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant activities, are discussed.
A slightly modified version of “panchtatva” or 5 Element Theory is used in
Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Panchtatva
Indian Influence On Chinese Science And Technology

It is important and worthwhile to discuss what kind of influence Buddhism cast

on the development of science and technology in ancient China. Buddhism took
a positive promotion and influence on the development of science and
technology in ancient China as a whole. There were four main ways of Chinese
Buddhism influence on ancient science and technology:

(1) The Buddhist scriptures actually contain a wealth of knowledge of science

and technology; the eminent Buddhist monks introduced them into China
through translation, therefore enriched contents of science and technology in
ancient China.

(2) Being inspired and affected by Buddhist scientific knowledge, those non-
Buddhist scientists had engaged in many created work in a further step, and
made much contributions to development of science and technology. The
doctrine of Buddhism was not a complete hindrance to the development of
science and technology, and the result turned out contrary in many respects
that it had promoted development of science and technology.

In fact, Chinese Buddhism had made many important contributions in the fields
of astronomy, mathematics, medicine, and so on.
.The Chinese Buddhism was not short of either logic or theory; on the contrary
it unusually resembled scientific thinking method at some special angle of
view. When it held such theory thinking level to get into the secular society, suit
the tide of science and technology at that time, made efforts in researching and
spreading science and technology knowledge, therefore it was a rather natural
thing for the Chinese Buddhism which had got a series of achievements in many
fields of science and technology.

Main Ways of the Chinese Buddhism Influence on Ancient Science and

Technology Now let’s discuss how the Chinese Buddhism actually carried out
its influence on the development of ancient science and technology.

According to my research, there were four main channels.

The Buddhist Scriptures Actually Contain a Wealth of Knowledge of Science

and Technology; the Eminent Buddhist Monks Introduced Them Into China
Through Translation, Therefore Enriched Contents of Science and
Technology in Ancient China It has been a common view by researchers of
Buddhist philosophy and the history of science and technology that there are
unusual rich knowledge of science and technology in the extant Chinese
Buddhist scriptures.

From their own disciplines, some researchers had made effort to analyze and
list the knowledge of science and technology in the Buddhist scriptures, and had
got obvious achievements. Generally speaking, the contents of science and
technology knowledge in the Chinese Buddhist scriptures mostly are about
astronomy and medical science, also concern mathematics, geography, and so
on. Those astronomy materials in Chinese Buddhist scriptures which had been
listed carefully and in details are in a book named Gazing Into the Western
Sky: Source and Course About Astronomy in the Buddhist Scriptures
Translated Into Chinese written by Niu Weixing . In this book, the writer
classified to display astronomy materials in those Buddhist scriptures for five
respects:

(1) about quantity and measurement

(2) about cosmology

(3) about the galaxy

(4) about the sun and moon

(5) about planets

These five respects of astronomy materials lie in 97 kinds of Buddhist

scriptures as a whole.

According to the statistics by Li Liangsong (1997) in his book Summary of

General Catalogue About Medicine Books in the Buddhist Scriptures , there
are 85 monographs which on medicine, as for the other books involved
medicine content, even extend more than 370 volumes.

The eminent Buddhist monks introduced such knowledge into China through
translating Buddhist scriptures; their work and effort brought about an active
result to promote a further development of science and technology in ancient
China.

Though Some Knowledge of Science and Technology in Ancient Indian and

Other Districts Was Not Actually Invented by Buddhism or Not Only Possessed
by Buddhism, But They Got Into China Along With the Spread of Buddhism For
instance, in ancient China there were a sort of science and technology works
named “Brahman” , such as Brahman Astronomy, Brahman Mathematics,
Brahman Prescription, and so on.

It is clear that such medicine works have reached a large scale and conducted
certain influence.

Ancient Chinese Buddhists (Including Those Foreign Buddhists Who Lived in

China and Those Buddhists Who Lived at Home) Took Part in Science and
Technology Practice Actively at That Time, and They Had Got a Series of
Achievements in Science and Technology. No one could be greater than the
Tang Dynasty talent monk Yi Xing who had got outstanding achievements in
astronomy in ancient China. He compiled Da Yan Almanac which was one of
few “most excellent almanacs” in Chinese history.

He also created a batch of new astronomy instruments together with Liang

Lingzan , meanwhile had got a series of new results about astronomical
phenomena observation and the regularities of celestial body movement on
this foundation. The great success achieved by Yi Xing in astronomy,
calendar, and mathematics, was enough to establish him an important position
in Chinese history of science. The most closed relation was between astronomy
and mathematics. In Chinese history those persons who were proficient in
astronomical mathematics were always called as “Chou Ren”. Therefore in
Buddhist circles who had special talent at astronomy, also were scholars at
mathematics. Among them Zhen Luan proved himself competent as a true and
famous mathematician. He had written two mathematics books which were
named Wu Cao Arithmetic Classic and Arithmetic in Five Classics , and he
also had done explanatory notes to many famous mathematics works. These
mathematics works together with Zhen Luan ’s explanations were compiled in
Ten Mathematics Classics in the Sui and Tang Dynasty.

They were elected as textbooks for mathematics education in the Imperial

College, and necessary teaching materials in imperial examinations, which had
a great influence in Chinese mathematics history. Then these mathematics
works were brought into the Korea and Japan, and also played an important
role in mathematics education in East Asia countries. Medicine work done by
Chinese Buddhists was even more.

Such was not included about those persons who were in Tibetan Buddhism and
Southwestern Buddhism, and still was not included those groups which made
medicine work in some special temples such as Shao Lin Temple , Bamboo
Forest Temple , and so on.

Inspired and Affected by Buddhist Scientific Knowledge, Those Non-Buddhist

Scientists Had Done Many Created Work in a Further Step, and Made Much
Contributions to Development of Science and Technology In the respect of
astronomy knowledge of ancient India spread with Buddhism which had
produced good result to Chinese non-Buddhist astronomers, we can take He
Chengtian and his Yuan Jia Almanac as an example.

He lived in the Northern and Southern Dynasties and did not believe in
Buddhism, but he absorbed essence from the ancient Indian astronomy
knowledge and put them into Yuan Jia Almanac compiled by himself. In
Chinese astronomical history, Yuan Jia Almanac was an important calendar.
It was not only published and used at that time, but also displayed much
influence on almanac after the Tang and Song Dynasties.

According to Niu Weixing ’s research, there were five main reformations in

Yuan Jia Almanac , and all these reformations kept a close link with ancient
Indian astronomy knowledge, and at least we can find two of them which had
obviously relevant way of doing. It was more prominent for Buddhist medicine
knowledge which exerted influence on medical experts of non-Buddhists in
ancient China.

There was a famous medical expert Sun Simiao who lived in the Tang
Dynasty, though he was a Taoist scholar, but was affected powerfully by
Buddhism. In his great medical writing Qian Jin Major Prescriptions , he once
clearly quoted the Buddhist scriptures in order to explain medical theory.
Besides above-mentioned, according to textual research by Fan Xingzhun
(1936) that is in Sun Simiao ’s another work Qian Jin Assistant Prescriptions
which had more than 20 prescriptions sourced from Indian recipes, all of these
had relations with the spread of Buddhism.

In the Ming ,Dynasty, Li Shizhen also recorded a large number of medicines

from Indian Sub Continent his great book Compendium of Materia Medica ,
and extensively quoted the Buddhist scriptures to make a check. Some of them
were given indication by Sanskrit term, such as “tulip”, “datura”, and so on.

From these instances we can see that prescriptions of ancient India and
Southern Asia had slowly mixed together with Chinese traditional medicine
system, and the Buddhist medicine brought obvious influence on non-Buddhist
circles.

To put it briefly, above four main ways might be summarized for the Chinese
Buddhism giving influence to science and technology in ancient China. Some
Contents in Buddhist Doctrine Which Are Beneficial to Promote Development
of Science and Technology The first, the “Empty ” theory in Buddhist doctrine
actually pointed out that “principal and subsidiary causes” is the last origin
for everything in universe to emerge. The Buddhist world outlook told us that
all appearance of things would always change themselves from birth to death;
no one could be existed isolatedly and could have no change forever. Now that
it exposed universal contact of the objective world as well as the law of eternal
change to a certain degree, these views are very similar to the views of science.

The next, Buddhism considered that all things in the world have inevitable
relations between cause and effect. “If this one exists, would cause another
one to exist; if this one rises, would cause another one to rise; when this one
disappears, another one would follow it to disappear; when this one goes to
die, another one would follow it to go to die”.
 Though this idea of causality was mainly used to explain ethical principles
such as “Good is rewarded with good, and evil with evil”, it could be in the
same way to explain everything in the nature. It was very close to the law of
causation for which scientists always make their efforts to seek among natural
things.

The third, Buddhism thought that it was a necessary way for someone who
wanted to be a Buddhist to practice “The Five Clarities”.

These five clarities include “Sound Clarity” (knowledge about language,

characters, and so on); “Craft Clarity” (knowledge about handicraft,
technology, calendar system, calculation, and so on); “Medical Clarity”
(knowledge about medical skill, medicine making, and so on); “Logic Clarity”
(knowledge about cause and effect, true and false, argument, and so on);
“Inside Clarity” (knowledge about Buddhism theory itself).

In above five items, there are at least three items related with science and
technology; they are “Craft Clarity”, “Medical Clarity”, and “Logic Clarity”,
which covered contents of many fields in science and technology. Except what
we have mentioned above, Buddhism still advocated using many ways to
accumulate merit in its doctrine. These ways include building images of
Buddha and towers, planting trees and constructing gardens, giving
medicines and curing sickness, erecting bridges and making boats, digging
wells and providing toilets, and so on. All these things would bring about an
active result on development of architecture, medicine, gardening, and
botany.
 CONCLUSION
The long history of positive India-China interaction in history from
antiquity. It is an inspiring story of contact and openness, through traders,
pilgrims, and monks; of two open societies exchanging learning and ideas;
and overcoming the perils of travel by land and sea that took years.

The life stories of Kumarajiva, Bodhidharma, Xuan Zang, Fa Xian, and

others are known, recognised, and admired to this day in both countries.
China’s first contact with India, and its admiration of this equivalent
civilisation from Han to Tang times.

The spread of Buddhism in china greatly influenced the social , economic

and cultural life of people there.

According to my opinion, there are at least three important characteristics of

Chinese Buddhism which are closely connected with development of science
and technology.

The Chinese Buddhism had a Strong Spirit to Get Into the Secular Society. As
we know, since Buddhism arrived at China, only Great Vehicle books and
thought propagated wildly and conducted deep influence in large district of
China (expect the minority nationalities lived in the Southwest China).

In early Little Vehicle theory, Buddhism really had a tradition that kept off the
secular society. Then such tradition was criticized by Great Vehicle Buddhism
when it took place and became actively to join in common affairs of the secular
society. The present Buddhism researching circle has got a same view on it to a
large extent.

It was the real fact when Great Vehicle Buddhism spread in the most part of
China. No doubt, such spirit of Great Vehicle in the Chinese Buddhism was an
important thinking premise and theory foundation for it to take part in science
research and technology action. Science or technology is one of social actions
closely linked with ordinary life, also is one of significant sources to promote
social progression, so it was naturally to cause the Chinese Buddhism paying
interest and attention in science and technology.

The Chinese Buddhism Had a High Adaptability to Its Existence

Environment As an outside culture, Buddhism could take root deeply and
prospered successfully on Chinese earth, then even surpassed development in
its own country; no one could deny that it was a result owing to its high
adaptability to its existence environment.

History of Buddhism developing in China, actually was a process of

transforming itself unceasingly in order to suit Chinese reality, to suit changes
of social superstructure and economy foundation, to suit spirit need of
intellectuals and common people, therefore it could spread wildly and get more
and more prosperous.

Buddhism adapted to Chinese society comprehensively that naturally included

adapting to development of science and technology. Science and technology is
an important factor to promote social productive forces and economic
development, meanwhile is a major force which would bring about changes of
people’s thought and action pattern; it also required Buddhism to adapt and
throw into.

Therefore we could say that the spirit of Buddhism actively getting into the
secular society provided a possibility for itself to take part in science and
technology actions, if so, we could also admit that the adaptability of Chinese
Buddhism had turned such possibility into reality, as well as had gained many
important achievements of science and technology.

The Chinese Buddhism Possessed Fine Thinking Level Another excellent point
of the Chinese Buddhism was that it had fine thinking level, because it attracted
many intellectuals, promoted itself to bring forth new ideas and development in
practice constantly. Such fine thinking level not only reflected making a careful
and detail analysis to everything of universe, embodied outstanding dissection,
and detailed inspection actions of the mankind psychology, but also displayed
at lasting exploration and profound grasp to formal logic and dialectical
thought of the mankind thinking law.

This exquisite theory level and dialectical thinking element of the Chinese
Buddhism provided a necessary support of thinking method for Buddhists to
take part in science and technology actions, still further to recognize and
understand natural world. Science needs logic, not only formal logic but also
dialectical logic, as well as needs theory; it could not go without theory.

China adopted and practised Ayurveda and did advancements in medical field.
In traditional practices of Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine, numerous plants
have been used to treat cognitive disorders, including neurodegenerative
diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). An ethnopharmacological
approach has provided leads to identifying potential new drugs from plant
sources, including those for cognitive disorders.

According to my research Chinese culture is influenced a lot by ancient

Indian practises as we can see in my report.Our India , The Great India has
given and is giving a lot to this world . The present India has given lots of
engineers and scientists to other countries. We always find the hand of an
indian behind most of the successful missions happening in the world.

India is reaching heights in the entrepreneurial space around the world and
Indian entrepreneurs are a force to be reckoned with. Some Indians have made
it big in countries foreign to them despite all odds. In the face of all the hurdles
put before them, they have been able to make our country proud and reach
heights.

Some of them are Sundar Pichayi , Indra Nooyi , Satya Nadella,  Pranav
Mistry, Lakshmi Pratury, Vinod Khosla etc. Recently, Parag Agrawal also
became the CEO of twitter.

Even now many of our indian entrepreneurs are working in China ,

USA,UK ,Russia etc. If the past is any indicator, we're sure to see Indians rise
up to the top in various industries.