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ELECTR
NIC
COMPO
NENTS
LOOKBOOK

E. TUAZON
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

SWITCH
SWITCH
SWITCH
/swiCH/

DEFINITION
an electrical component that can
disconnect or connect the
conducting path in an electrical
circuit.
Symbol

USES
Electrical switches are used to perform all the electrical
functions. Every electrical and electronics application uses at
least one switch to perform ON and OFF operation of the
device. It is widely used across industries such as
Telecommunication, Industry control equipment, Commercial
equipment, and home appliances.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION
A common example is the toggle switch
commonly used in lights. It is actuated by a
lever angled in one of two or more positions
that could be either ON or OFF.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

RESISTOR
RESISTOR
RESISTOR /rəˈzistər/

DEFINITION
an electric component used to resist the
flow of current or to control the voltage in
a circuit. The amount of resistance that a
resistor offers is measured in Ohms.
USES
Resistors are mainly used to control the
flow of current in circuit functions, dividing
voltage, heating, frequency and timing,
LEDs and transistor. It can be found in
laptop chargers, mobile phone chargers,
lamps, street lighting, and fan speed
control.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION

Typical resistors are cylindrical in shape

and lined with color codes that represent
their resistance levels
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

VARIABLE
RESISTOR
(POTENTIOMETER)
/powtɛnʃiɑmətɹ̩ /

DEFINITION
a three-terminal resistor in which
the resistance is manually varied
to control the flow of electric
current.

USES
Variable resistors are widely used in electric circuits to
adjust the value of current or voltage, since the resistance
of variable resistors can be set to a certain value.
Potentiometers are used to control volume in audio
equipments, frequency attenuation, changing loudness, and
changing other characteristics of audio signals.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION
The potentiometer looks like a bottle
cap that is flipped upside down and
a metal tower on the middle. It also
has three curved materials with
circles in the middle.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

LIGHT-
DEPENDENT
RESISTOR
DEFINITION
A photoresistor or light dependent resistor is an
electronic component that is sensitive to light. When
light falls upon it, then the resistance changes.

USES
Light dependent resistors have a low cost
and simple structure. These resistors are
frequently used as light sensors. These
resistors are mainly used when there is a
need to sense the absence and presence of
the light such as burglar alarm circuits, alarm
clock, light intensity meters, etc.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION

Light-dependent resistors have zigzag

patterns on its surface and conductor
materials on the bottom part.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

CAPACITOR
CAPACITOR
CAPACITOR
/kəˈpasədər/

DEFINITION
an electronic component that stores and releases
electricity in a circuit. The value of the discharge is
measured in F (Farad), nano Farad (nF) or pico
Farad (pF) range.
USES
The most common use for capacitors is energy storage.
Additional uses include power conditioning, signal coupling
or decoupling, electronic noise filtering, and remote sensing.
Because of its varied applications, capacitors are used in a
wide range of industries and have become a vital part of
everyday life.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION
Capacitors are usually shaped either like a
cylinder, with two conductors that are in
close proximity and insulated from each
other.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

DIODE
DIODE
DIODE /ˈdīˌōd/

DEFINITION
a two-terminal electronic component that conducts
electricity primarily in one direction and blocks
current in the opposite direction.
USES
Diodes can be used as rectifiers, signal limiters, voltage
regulators, switches, signal modulators, signal mixers,
signal demodulators, and oscillators.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION

A diode looks similar to a resistor with a small

cylindrical shape on the middle and
conductors attached to both sides.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

LIGHT-
EMITTING
DIODE (LED)
/ˌel ˌē ˈdē/

DEFINITION
a diode of semiconductor material, such as gallium
arsenide, that emits light when a forward bias is
applied, the colour depending on the
semiconductor material: used as off/on indicators

USES
The major uses of LED (Light Emitting
Diodes) are to illuminate objects and
even places. LEDs are increasingly
common in street lights, parking garage
lighting, walkway and other outdoor
area lighting, refrigerated case lighting,
modular lighting, and task lighting.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION
LEDs have a cap with different colors. It also
has two terminals; one of it is longer than the
other. It has a component inside the cap that
lights up.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

TRANSISTOR
TRANSISTOR
TRANSISTOR /tranˈzistər/

DEFINITION
a device that regulates current or voltage flow and
acts as a switch or gate for electronic signals.

USES
The core use of transistors include
switching applications or both as
amplification and switching. The most
common application of transistors today is
for computer memory chips—including
solid-state multimedia storage devices for
electronic games, cameras, and MP3
players—and microprocessors, where
millions of components are embedded in
a single integrated circuit.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION
Transistors have three metal terminals
and are labeled with numbers and letters
on their casings.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

RELAY
RELAY
RELAY
/ˈrēˌlā/

DEFINITION
are electric switches that use electromagnetism to switch
ON or OFF, contrary to buttons or toggle switches that
need to be physically manipulated.
USES
Relays are used to control high voltage
circuits with the help of low voltage signals. It
can be used to switching ON heaving loads,
such air conditioners or heavy motors, with the
help of very small electrical current, and
protection against short circuits, over-
voltages, and under-voltages.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION

A relay is a rectangular structure

with metal rods sticking out.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

INTEGRATED
CIRCUIT
(IC)
/ˈin(t)əˌɡrādid ˌsərkət/

DEFINITION
a microchip on which thousands and hundreds of
electrical components, such as resistors, capacitors and
transistors, are fabricated in a much smaller scale.
USES
Today, integrated circuits are
frequently used in electronics design
and can be categorized as analog,
digital, or a combination of the two.
ICs can be used for a variety of
purposes including amplifiers, video
processors, computer memory,
switches, and microprocessors.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION

An integrated circuit is a miniature chipl

that consists of metal foot-like structure on
its sides.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

BATTERY
BATTERY
BATTERY
/ˈbadərē/

DEFINITION
an energy source consisting of one or more
electrochemical cells and terminals on both ends called
an anode (-) and a cathode (+). Inside the battery is an
electrolyte, often consisting of soluble salts or acids, it
serves as a conductive medium, allowing the electric
charge to travel through the battery.

USES
Batteries are used in various things that
we use in our house. Batteries are used
to power things like remote controls,
torches, wall clocks, flashlights, etc.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION

Batteries are cylindrical in shape with

one of its bases having a tiny knob. It is
also labeled with + or -.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

TRANSFORMER
TRANSFORMER
TRANSFORMER
/ˈbadərē/

DEFINITION
a device that transfers electric energy from one
alternating-current circuit to one or more other circuits,
either increasing (stepping up) or reducing (stepping
down) the voltage.
USES
Transformers are employed for widely
varying purposes; e.g., to reduce the
voltage of conventional power
circuits to operate low-voltage
devices, such as doorbells and toy
electric trains, and to raise the
voltage from electric generators so
that electric power can be
transmitted over long distances.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION
Transformers are ribbed box-like
machines with tower-like components
attached.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

FUSE
FUSE
FUSE
/fyo͞ oz/

DEFINITION
a safety device that protects electrical
circuits from the effects of excessive currents.

USES
The fuse breaks the circuit if a fault in an
appliance causes too much current to
flow. This protects the wiring and the
appliance if something goes wrong. The
fuse contains a piece of wire that melts
easily. If the current going through the
fuse is too great, the wire heats up until it
melts and breaks the circuit.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION
Fuses are cylindrical with wiring inside
a clear glass body.
 A VISUAL GUIDE TO

MOTOR
MOTOR
MOTOR /ˈmōdər/

DEFINITION
a device used to convert electrical energy into
mechanical energy.

USES
They are used in vacuum cleaners, dishwashers,
computer printers, fax machines, video cassette
recorders, machine tools, printing presses,
automobiles, subway systems, sewage treatment
plants, and water pumping stations, to mention only
a few applications.

VISUAL DESCRIPTION
Motors are cylindrical in shape with
ribbed sides and a metal structure in
the middle.
REFERENCES
https://www.nidec.com/en/technology/motor/basic/00001/
https://www.totalphase.com/blog/2020/12/differences-between-
integrated-circuit-microprocessor/
https://byjus.com/physics/integrated-circuit/
https://science4fun.info/relay/
https://amperite.com/blog/relays/
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/10318/relay

https://byjus.com/physics/uses-of-transistor/
https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/transistor
https://www.britannica.com/technology/transistor
https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/led-lighting
https://byjus.com/physics/diodes/#diode-construction
https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/video-lectures/diode-
characteristics-circuits/
https://www.techwalla.com/articles/uses-capacitors
https://studentlesson.com/definition-working-symbol-types-diagram-
of-a-light-dependent-resistors-ldrs/#Characteristics
https://www.watelectronics.com/light-dependent-resistor-ldr-with-
applications/#:~:text=Light%20dependent%20resistors%20have%20a,
%2C%20light%20intensity%20meters%2C%20etc.
https://www.electronics-
notes.com/articles/electronic_components/resistors/light-
dependent-resistor-ldr.php
https://www.elprocus.com/types-of-variable-resistors-its-working-
and-applications/
https://www.derf.com/how-a-variable-resistor-works/
https://techterms.com/definition/resistor
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/16316/battery


CREATED BY:
ELISHA MAE P. TUAZON
10-STE CERES