8

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 7
Equation of a Line in Two Variables
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 7: Equation of a Line in Two Variables

First Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Angelito M. Bulala, MAED - MATH

Ethel B. Canda, MAT - MATH
Editors: Julius J. Igot, EdD.
Kenneth Regene B. Blasco, MAEM
Management Team: Bianito A. Dagatan EdD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Faustino N. Toradio PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Felix C. Galacio Jr. PhD

EPS, Mathematics

Josephine D. Eronico PhD

EPS, LRMDS

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Learning Competencies: 1. Finds the equation of a line given (a) two points; (b) the slope and a point; (c)
the slope and its intercepts (M8AL-Ig-1);
2. Solves problems involving linear equations in two variables (M8AL-Ig-2);

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

⮚ find the equation of a line given (a) two points; (b) the slope and a point; (c)
the slope and its intercepts;
⮚ solve real-life problems involving linear equations in two variables; and

⮚ Lesson 1: Find the equation of a line given (a) two points; (b) the slope
and a point; (c) the slope and its intercepts;

What is it
Two-Point form is one way of finding the equation of a line. The formula is
y 2− y 1
y− y1 = ( x−x 1) where (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are the coordinates of P1 and P2, respectively. In finding
x2 − x1
the equation of the line given two points, assign which is the first point having coordinates of (x 1,y1) and
the second point with coordinates of (x2,y2). Then substitute the coordinates to the formula.

Example: Find the equation of the line whose graph passes through the given two points (3, 2) and (2, 1).
The equation should be written in the form of y = mx + b.

Solution: Assign P1(x1,y1) = (3,2) and P2(x1,y1) = (2,1) thus, x1 = 3; y1 = 2; x2 = 2; y2 = 1

y 2− y 1
Substitute the given values to the formula y− y1 = ( x−x 1)
x2− x1

So: y – 2 = 1−2 2−3 (x – 3) Substitution

y – 2 = −1 −1 (x – 3) Simplify
𝑦 − 2 = 1(𝑥 − 3) Simplify
𝑦−2=𝑥−3 Distribution
Property
𝑦=𝑥 − 3 + 2 Rewrite to y = mx + b
𝑦=𝑥 − Simplify

Second way of finding equation of a line is using slope and one point. The formula is
y –y1 = m(x –x1). The value of m is the slope of the line which contains a fixed point P 1(x1,y1). A linear
equation whose slope and a point on its graph are given can be determined by substituting the given
values of m to y = mx + b and solve for b.

Example 1: Find the equation of the line given slope of 5 and passes through the given point (3, -2).
Write the equation in the form of y = mx + b.

Solution: let y = mx + b be the required equation.

The given point is (3,-2). So, value of y is -2 at x = 3 and m = 5. Thus, using the y = mx + b
form, substitute the values to solve b.
That is, -2 = 5(3) + b Substitute 𝑥 = 3 , 𝑦 = −2 and m = 5
-2 = 15 + b Simplify
-2 – 15 = b Simplify
-17 = b or b = -17
Therefore, the required linear equation is y = 5x – 17.

Last method in finding equation of a line is slope-intercept form. It is written in the form
y = mx + b, where m is the slope of its straight line graph, and that b is its y-intercept. If we know both
the slope and the y-intercept of a line, we can always write its equation. To write the linear equation
whose slope and y-intercept are given, simply substitute the given value of the slope to m and the given y
intercept to b in y = mx + b.

Examples: Find the equation of the line whose slope and y-intercept are given.
1. Slope 3; y- intercept -5
2. Slope -1; y- intercept 2

Solutions:
1. Since the slope m = 3 and y intercept b = -5, then using y = mx + b, just simply substitute the
values given So, the equation is y = 3x -5.

2. m = -1; b = 2
Substitute to the form y = mx + b

Hence, the equation is 𝒚 = −𝒙 + 𝟐.

What’s More

Exercises: A. Find the equation of the line of the form y = mx + b that passes through the following pairs
of points.
1.) (3, 4) and (4, 7) 2.) (8, 4) and (6, 10)
B. Find the linear equation whose slope and one point is given. Write the equation in the form
of y= mx + b.
3.) m = 3; (-3, 2) 4.) m = -4; (0, 0)
C. Find the equation of the line in the form whose slope and y- intercept are given. Write the
equation in the form of y = mx + b.
5.) Slope -2; y-intercept 5 6.) Slope -5; y intercept ¾

Lesson 2: Solves problems involving linear equations in two variables

What is it

After studying on linear equations in two variables, let us take a closer look at the real-life
problems involving linear equations in two variables. Remember the steps in solving a problem, read and
explore the problem in order to grasp what is the situation or problem all about.
Example: Pedro invested P 10,000 on a venture and earns P 500 per month. What will be his profit on the
investment after one year?
Solution: The table shows the growth of Buddy’s profit.
Number of Months (x) 1 2 3 4
Profit (y) 10,500.00 11,000.00 11,500.00 12,000.00

Thus, the relation will be y = 500x + 10 000.

Hence, his profit after one year or 12 months is:
y = 500x + 10 000
y = 500(12) + 10 000
y = 6 000 + 10 000
y = P 16 00
What’s More
Exercises : A . Solvethe problem involvinglinear equation∈two variables .
1.) A bicycle rider rode at an average speed of 18 km per hour. Make a table of the
distance travelled against the number of hours spent and write an equation
representing this relation.

Assessment
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on the provided
separate answer sheet.

1) Find the equation of the line with slope -2 and passing through (5,4).
A) y=2 x +1 C) y=2 x +14
B) y=−2 x +1 D) y=−2 x +14
2) Which line passes through the points (3,4) and (8,-1)?
A) y=−x+7 C) y=x +7
B) y=−x−1 D) y=x −1
3) Find the equation of the line whose slope is 3 and y-intercept is -5.
A) y=3 x−5 C) y=3 x +5
B) y=5 x−3 D) y=5 x−3
4) Find the equation of the line in the form y=mx+b given the slope ½ and (-6,0).
x x
A) y= +6 C) y= +3
2 2
x x
B) y= −6 D) y= −3
2 2
5) Find the equation of the line in the form of Ax+ By=C that passes through the pairs of points
(3,-1) and (7,-5).
A) x + y=−1 C) x + y=−3
B) x + y=4 D) x + y=2
x
6) In equation y= +6 , what is the slope?
2
A) 2 B) 1 C) ½ D) 0

7) In finding equation of the line in two variables, what are necessary data required?
A) any two points C) slope and one point
B) slope and y-intercept D) all of the above

2 x−12
8) In the equation y= , what is the y-intercept?
4
A) -12 B) -3 C) 3 D) 12

9) Same equation in #8, what is the value of slope?

A) 2 B) 2/4 C) ½ D) -12

10) Express y=5 x−3 into standard form Ax+ By=C .

A) 5 x+ y=−3 C) 5 x− y=−3
B) 5 x− y=3 D) 5 x− y=3

Answer Sheet
Name: ________________________
Grade & Section: ________________ Score: _______

Quarter 1 – Module 7

Lesson 1 Lesson 2
What’s More What’s More

1) 1)

2)

3)

4) Assessment

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6) 2)
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References
Soledad Jose-Dilao, Ed.D., Julieta G. Bernabe. 2009. Geometry. Quezon city: SD Publications, Inc.

Mathematics 8 Learner’s Material