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    Structural Modeling and Analysis - 39

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    dunglx
    This document provides guidelines for bridge design practices, including requirements for analysis methods based on bridge type and characteristics. Three-dimensional finite element analysis is required for less typical bridges with features like multiple girders, long spans over 240 feet, or wide overhangs. Simplified two-dimensional analysis using CTBridge software is sufficient for more standard one- or two-cell box girder bridges. The document also notes that box girder bridges may need to account for future widening, and load distribution factors should consider potential loading from adjacent existing bridges.

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    Structural Modeling and Analysis - 39

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    dunglx
    19 views1 page
    This document provides guidelines for bridge design practices, including requirements for analysis methods based on bridge type and characteristics. Three-dimensional finite element analysis is required for less typical bridges with features like multiple girders, long spans over 240 feet, or wide overhangs. Simplified two-dimensional analysis using CTBridge software is sufficient for more standard one- or two-cell box girder bridges. The document also notes that box girder bridges may need to account for future widening, and load distribution factors should consider potential loading from adjacent existing bridges.

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    STRUCTURAL MODELING AND ANALYSIS_39

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    This document provides guidelines for bridge design practices, including requirements for analysis methods based on bridge type and characteristics. Three-dimensional finite element analysis is required for less typical bridges with features like multiple girders, long spans over 240 feet, or wide overhangs. Simplified two-dimensional analysis using CTBridge software is sufficient for more standard one- or two-cell box girder bridges. The document also notes that box girder bridges may need to account for future widening, and load distribution factors should consider potential loading from adjacent existing bridges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views1 page

    Structural Modeling and Analysis - 39

    Uploaded by

    dunglx
    This document provides guidelines for bridge design practices, including requirements for analysis methods based on bridge type and characteristics. Three-dimensional finite element analysis is required for less typical bridges with features like multiple girders, long spans over 240 feet, or wide overhangs. Simplified two-dimensional analysis using CTBridge software is sufficient for more standard one- or two-cell box girder bridges. The document also notes that box girder bridges may need to account for future widening, and load distribution factors should consider potential loading from adjacent existing bridges.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    BRIDGE DESIGN PRACTICE ● FEBRUARY 2015

    − Span Length, L: 60' < L < 240'


    − Structure Depth, d, 35" < d < 110"

    • The use of approximate methods on less-typical structures is prohibited. The


    less-typical structures refer to either one of the following cases:

    − Two or three-girder beam-slab structures;


    − Spans greater than 240 ft in length;
    − Structures with extra-wide overhangs (greater than one-half of the girder
    spacing or 3 ft).

    • Three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) must be used to


    determine the girder LDFs of these less-typical bridges. The following cases
    may also require such refined analysis:

    − Skews greater than 45°;


    − Structures with masonry sound walls;
    − Beam-slab structures with beams of different bending stiffness.

    • A moving load analysis on a 3D finite element (FE) model provides accurate


    load distribution. However, for routine design of commonly used bridge
    superstructure system, 3D FEA requires the familiarity with sophisticated,
    usually also expensive, finite element methods.

    FEM software. It may not be economical due to the additional time required
    to build and run the 3D model, and analyze the results, comparing to simple
    FEM program, e.g. Caltrans.

    • CTBridge. In addition, in terms of the reliability of an FE model, 3D FEM


    model may not be as reliable as a simple 2D FE model due to the much
    greater number of details in a 3D FE model. Based on Caltrans experience, a
    combination of LDF formula with the in-house 2D FEM design program,
    CTBridge, provides sufficient, reliable and efficient design procedure and
    output. The latest version of CTBridge includes the LDF values for a one- or
    two-cell box-girder bridge.

    4.4.2 Moving Load Cases


    In many situations, the one- or two-cell box girders are for widening of existing
    bridges. If they are new bridges, it is also possible that they will be widened in the
    future. Both cases imply that the traffic loads may be applied anywhere across the
    bridge width, i.e., edge to edge, and this shall be taken into account in design. This
    also means that one wheel line of the truck can be on the new/widened bridge, while
    the other one on the existing bridge. As one can imagine, for certain bridge width, the
    maximum force effect may be due to, say, 1.5 or 2.5 lanes. For particularly narrow
    bridge, e.g., 6 or 8 ft. bridge, probably only one wheel line load can be applied.

    Chapter 4 – Structural Modeling and Analysis 4-37

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