CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE

GREEK ARCHITECTURE

ORDER

ENTABLATURE
CORNICE
CYMATIUM

CORONA
BED MOLDING

FRIEZE
ARCHITRAVE

COLUMN

CAPITAL
SHAFT

BASE

PEDESTAL
DADO/DIE
PLINTH
DORIC ORDER

TUSCAN ORDER

IONIC ORDER

CORINTHIAN ORDER

COMPOSITE ORDER
colossal order/giant order
DORIC ORDER, PARTS OF
ENTABLATURE
CORNICE*
MUTULE/MUTULES

GUTTA
SOFFIT
FRIEZE*

TRIGLYPH
METOPE
ZOPHORUS
ARCHITRAVE*
TAENIA
REGULA
COLUMN*
CAPITAL*

ABACUS
ECHINUS
NECKING
SHAFT*
ANNULET

FLUTING
FLUTE/STIRIA
CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
BASE*
IONIC ORDER, PARTS OF

ENTABLATURE
CORNICE*

EGG-AND-DART

DENTIL
FRIEZE*
ARCHITRAVE*
FASCIA
COLUMN
CAPITAL*
VOLUTE

CATHETUS

ECHINUS/CYMATIUM***
SHAFT*
FILLET
APOPHYGE
BASE*

ATTIC BASE
SCOTIA

TORUS

CORINTHIAN ORDER, PARTS OF

ENTABLATURE
CORNICE*

MODILLION
FRIEZE*
ARCHITRAVE*
COLUMN
CAPITAL*
BELL
HELIX

CAULICULUS

ACANTHUS

TUSCAN ORDER, PARTS OF

ENTABLATURE
COLUMN
CAPITAL*
BASE*

TUSCAN ORDER, PARTS OF

ENTABLATURE
COLUMN

CAPITAL*

COLUMNS
ATLAS/ATLANTES
CARYATID
CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
DRUM
ENTASIS
FLUTES
20
24
0

BIRD'S BEAK

COLUMNIATION
HENOSTYLE
DISTYLE
TRISTYLE
TETRASTYLE
PENTASTYLE
HEXASTYLE
HEPTASTYLE
OCTASTYLE
ENNEASTYLE
DECASTYLE
DODECASTYLE

INTERCOLUMNIATION
PYCNOSTYLE
SYSTYLE
EUSTYLE
DIASTYLE
ARAEOSTYLE
ACCOUPLEMENT

CLITHRAL
HYPETHRAL/HYPAETHRAL

GREEK TEMPLE
EAST

MARBLE

MEGARON
HOUSE#33
THALAMUS
COLONNADE
PORTICO

GREEK TEMPLE, PARTS OF

PEDIMENT
ACROTERIUM
SIMA

TYMPANUM

STYLOBATE

STEREOBATE
CREPIDOMA

ANTEFIX
CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE

PLAN
PRONAOS/ANTICUM
CELLA/NAOS

ALTAR
ADYTON
EPINAOS/OPISTHODOMOS/
POSTICUM
PTERON
PTEROMA

AGORA

STOA
TEMENOS

STELE

PROPYLAEUM/PROPYLAEA
ACROPOLIS
PRYTANEION
PINACOTHECA

TEMENOS
HIERON
PERIBOLUS
WALLS
CYCLOPEAN WALLS
POLYGONAL WALLS
CURVILINEAR WALLS
RECTANGULAR WALLS

GREEK TEMPLE, CHARACTERIZATION (*dkching)

APTERAL*
ANTA*
ANTA
DOUBLE ANTA
DISTYLE IN ANTIS*
PROSTYLE*
AMPHIPROSTYLE*
PERIPTERAL
PSEUDOPERIPTERAL*
DIPTERAL*
PSEUDODIPTERAL*

Treasury of Atreus
GREEK TEMPLES, NAMES
DORIC
Parthenon

Temple of Zeus Olympus

IONIC
Athena Nike/ Nike Apteros

Erechtheion
Temple of Arthemis
CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
The Choragic Monument of
Lysicrates

Theater of Dionysus
CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
Any of the styles of classical architecture characterized by the type and arrangement of columns and
entablatures employed.
The horizontal section of a classical order that rests on the columns, usually composed of a cornice, frieze,
and architecture.
The uppermost member of an entablature, consisting typically of a cymatium, corona, and bed molding.
The crowning member of a cornice, usually a cyma recta.

The projecting, slab like member if a cornice, supported by the bed molding and crowned by the cymatium.
The moldings immediately beneath the corona of a cornice.
The horizontal part of an entablature between the cornice and architrave, often decorated with sculpture in
low relief.
The lowermost division of an entablature, resting directly on the column capitals and supporting the frieze.
A cylindrical support in classical architecture, consisting if a capital, shaft, and usually a base, either
monolithic or built up of drums the full diameter of a shaft.
The distinctively treated upper end of a column, pillar, or pier, crowning the shaft and taking the weight of
the entablature or architrave.
The central part of the column or pier between the capital and the base. The Doric order has no base.
The lowermost portion of a wall, column, pier, or other structures, usually distinctively treated and
considered as an architectural unit.
A construction upon which a column, stature, memorial shaft, or the like, is elevated, usually consisting of
a base, a dado, and a cornice or cap.
The part of a pedestal between the base and the cornice or cap.
The usually square slab beneath the base of a column, pier, or pedestal.
It is the oldest and simplest of the five classical orders.
A classical order of Roman origin, basically a simplified Roman Doric, characterized by an unfluted column
and a plain base, capital, and entablature having no decoration other the moldings.
A classical order that developed in the Greek colonies of Asia Manor in the 6th century BCE, characterized
esp. by the spiral volutes of its capital.
The most ornate of the five classical orders, developed by the Greeks in the 4th century BCE but used
more extensively in Roman architecture, similar in most respects to the Ionic but usually slendered
proportions.
One of the five classical orders, popular esp. since the beginning of Renaissance but invented by the
ancient Romans.
An order of columns more than one storey in height.

A part of Doric order that consists of a cornice, architrave, and a frieze of triglyphs and metopes.

A projecting flat block under the corona of a Doric cornice, corresponding to the modillion of other orders.
One of the series of small, drop like ornaments, attached to the underside of the mutules and regulae of an
entablature.
The underside of an architectural elements, as that of an arch, beam, cornice.

One of the vertical blocks separating the metopes in a Doric frieze, typically having two vertical grooves or
glyphs on its face, and two chamfers or hemiglyphs at the sides.
Any panels, either plain or decorated between triglyphs in the Doric frieze.
A frieze bearing carved figures of people or animals.
Plain
A raised band or fillet separating the frieze from architrave.
A fillet beneath the taenia separating the frieze from the architrave.
A part of Doric order that is fluted, has no base.
A part of Doric order that is plain cushion-shaped supporting a square abacus.
The flat slab forming the top of a column capital, plain in the Doric style, but molded or otherwise enriched
in other styles
The prominent circular molding supporting the abacus of a Doric or Tuscan capital.
The upper part of the column, just above the shaft, projecting part of the capital.

An encircling band, molding, or fillet, on a capital or shaft of a column.

A decorative motif consisting of a series of a long, rounded, parallel grooves, as on the shaft of a classical
column.
A rounded channel or groove.
 CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
Doric order has no base.

A part of Ionic order that consists of a cornice corbeled out on egg-and-dart and dentil moldings, highly
ornamented frieze, an architrave of three fascia's,
corbeled out on egg-and-dart and dentil moldings
An ornament motif for enriching an ovule of echinus, consisting of a closely set, alternating series of oval
and pointed forms.
Any of a series of closely spaced, small, rectangular blocks forming a molding or projecting beneath the
coronas of Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite cornices.
highly ornamented frieze
with three fascias
One of the three horizontal bands making up the architrave in the Ionic order.

A part of Ionic order that has spiral volutes.

A spiral, scroll-like ornament, as on the capitals of the Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite orders.
The vertical guideline through the eye of a volute in an Ionic capital, from which the spiral form is
determined.
The circular molding under the cushion of an Ionic capital between the volutes, usually carved with an egg-
and dart pattern.

A narrow part of the surface of a column shaft between adjoining flutes.

A small concave curve joining the shaft of a classical column to its base.

A base to a classical column, consisting of an upper and lower torus separated by a scotia between two
fillets.
A deep concave molding between two fillets.
A large convex, semicircular molding, commonly found directly above the plinth of the base of the classical
column.

TS OF

An ornament bracket, usually in the form of a scroll with acanthus, used in series beneath the corona of a
Corinthian, Composite, or Roman Ionic cornice.

The underlying part of foliated capital, between the abacus and neck molding.
A spiral ornament, such as any of the volutes issuing from a cauliculus in a Corinthian capital.
Any of the ornament stalks rising between the acanthus leaves of a Corinthian capital, from which the
volutes spring.
An ornament, such as on the Corinthian capital, patterned after the large, toothed leaves of a
Mediterranean plant of the same name

A part of Tuscan order that has no decoration other than moldings.

Unfluted
plain
plain

A part of Composite order that has four diagonally set Ionic volutes on a bell of Corinthian acanthus
leaves.

A sculptured figure of a man used as a column.

A sculptured female figure used as a column.
CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
Any of several cylindrical stones laid one above the other to form a column or pier.
A slight convexity given to a column to correct an optical illusion of concavity if the sides were straight.

Number of flutes on Doric order

Number of flutes on Ionic, Corinthian, Composite orders
Number of flutes on Tuscan order
The molding that is often found in the Doric Order that is essentially similar to the cyma reversa, except
that the upper convexity is separated from the lower concavity.

The use or arrangement of columns in a structure.

1 - Having one column on one or each front.
2 - Having two columns on one or each front.
3 - Having three columns on one or each front.
4 - Having four columns on one or each front.
5 - Having five columns on one or each front.
6 - Having six columns on one or each front.
7 - Having seven columns on one or each front.
8 - Having eight columns on one or each front.
9 - Having nine columns on one or each front.
10 - Having 10 columns on one or each front.
12 - Having 12 columns on one or each front.
The space between two adjacent columns, usually the clear space between the lower parts of the shafts,
measured in column diameters. Also, a system for spacing columns in a colonnade based on this
measurement.
Having an intercolumniation of 1 1/2 diameters.
Having an intercolumniation of 2 diameters.
Having an intercolumniation of 2 1/4 diameters.
Having an intercolumniation of 3 diameters.
Having an intercolumniation of 4 diameters.
The placement of two columns or pilasters very close together.

Pertaining to a classical temple that is roofed over.

Pertaining to a classical temple that is wholly or partly open to the sky.
A temple built as a shrine to the ancient Greek god or goddess to whom it was dedicated. Since the temple
was not intended for eternal worship, it stood on a stylobate of three or more steps, with a cella containing
the statue of the deity and front and rear porticoes, the whole being surmounted by a low gable roof of
timber, covered in terra-cotta or marble tiles.
Orientation of the Greek temple is towards the ___.
The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of which Greece and her domains had ample
supply of was.
A building or semi-independent unit of a building, typically having a rectangular principal chamber with a
center hearth and a porch, often with columns in antis; traditional in Greece since Mycenaean times and
believed to be the ancestor of the Doric temple.
One of the best examples of a surviving megaron type of Greek domestic building.
The sleeping room in a megaron.
A series of regularly spaced columns supporting an entablature and usually one side of a roof structure.
A porch having a roof supported by columns, often leading to the entrance of a building.

A wide, low-pitched gable surmounting a colonnade or a major division of a façade.

A pedestal for a sculpture or ornament at the apex or at each of the lower corners of a pediment.
The upturned edge of a roof which acts as a gutter. It means "bent upwards."
The triangle spaced enclosed by the horizontal and raking cornices of a pediment, often recessed and
decorated with sculpture.
A course of masonry forming the foundation for a row of columns, esp. the outermost COLONNADE of a
classical temple.
A solid mass of masonry visible above ground level and serving as the foundation of a building, esp. the
platform forming the floor and substructure of a classical temple.
From the Greek forms of temple, the three where it lies is known as ___.
An upright ornament at the eaves of a tile roof concealing the foot of a row of convex tiles that cover the
joints of the flat tiles.
 CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE

An open vestibule before the cella of a classical temple.

The principal chamber or enclosed part of a classical temple, where the cult image was kept.
An elevated place or structure upon which sacrifices are offered or incense burned in worship, or before
which religious rites are performed.
The innermost chamber within the cella of a Greek or Roman temple, reserved for priests and oracles.

The rear vestibule of a classical temple.

A colonnade parallel to, but apart from cella.
The passage between the pteron/colonnade and the cella/naos.
A marketplace or public square in an ancient Greek city, usually surrounded with public buildings and
porticoes and commonly used as a place for popular or political assembly.
An ancient Greek portico, usually detached and of considerable length, used s a promenade or meeting
place around public places.
In ancient Greece, a place of ground specially reserved and enclosed as a sacred place.
An upright stone slab or pillar with carved or inscribed surface, used as a monument or marker, or as a
commemorative tablet in the face of a building.
A vestibule or gateway of architectural importance before a temple area or other enclosure, such as the
entrance structure to the Acropolis in Athens.
The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek City.
A senate house for chief dignitaries in Greek architecture.
A Greek building that contains painted pictures.
A symbol of a border of sacred vs earthly ground; a piece of land cut off and assigned as an official
domain, especially to kings and chiefs, or a piece of land marked off from common uses and dedicated to
a god, such as a sanctuary, holy grove, or holy precinct.
A temenos enclosed a sacred space called a ______.
The wall or colonnade enclosing the Temenos.

Tirynus Period | Masonry made-up of huge stone blocks laid mortar

Mycenae Period | No pith or tar; Masonry constructed with stones having polygonal faces.
7th Century
5th Century | Used dowels; Blocks of stone cut into rectangular shapes.

TERIZATION (*dkching)
Without a colonnade along the sides.
A rectangular pier or pilaster formed by the thickening the end of a projecting wall.
distyle in antis
Having two columns in front and the rear.
Having two columns in front between antae.
Having a portico on the front only.
Prostyle on both fronts.
Having one rows of column on all sides.
Having a colonnade at one or each end with engaged columns at the side.
Having two rows of columns on all sides.
Having an arrangement of columns suggesting a dipteral structure but without the inner colonnade.
The largest and the best preserved of the nine tholos thombs in Mycenae. It is has corbelled vaults held
together by a single keystone, and it was the first structure built without using columns or any support like
that.

The largest Greek temple that is dedicated to the goddess Athena; Peripteral, Octastyle
The 2nd largest Doric Greek temple that uses Atlantes and has 104 columns; Pseudoperipteral,
Heptastyle

A Greek temple that is dedicated to the "wingless victory"; Amphiprostyle, Tetrastyle

The Greek temple that forms the imposing entrance to the Acropolis. It uses Caryatid porch facing south
and egg-and-dart ornament; Apteral, Irregular plan, No side colonnades.
One of the seven wonders of the ancient world; Dipteral, Octastyle
CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
A type of monument erected to support a tripod, as a prize for athletic exercises or
musical competitions in Greek festivals; Corinthian
Where the famous Choragic competitions took place during the Panathenaic festivals, prototype of all
Greek theaters and accommodates almost 18,000 spectators.