BEEE - LAB Manual-Intro - Part 2

Objective:
Hands-on operation and learning of bench-equipment: Breadboard, Multi-output power supply,

DMM (Digital Multimeter), Function/Pulse Generator, Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO).
Apparatus Required:
1. Breadboard
2. Multi-output Power supply (Scientech 4074/4071)
3. Digital Multi-meter (UT-60B 3 ¾ DMM)
4. Function/Pulse Generator (4061 10 MHz Function Generator)
5. Digital storage oscilloscope (DSO)
1. Breadboard
Figure 1: Components laid on bread board and some important aspects

Breadboards are used to assemble desire circuit on it. Breadboard consists of two terminal bus
strips and two bus strips. Build the circuit by inserting the leads of components in to the
breadboard and making connections with recommended 22 to 24 Gauge signal stand wire.
Breadboards are used to test circuits. Components and wires are simply pushed into the holes to
form a complete circuit and power can be applied. One of the main advantages of using a
BEEP Lab, BML Munjal University Page 7

breadboard is that the components are not soldered and if they are positioned incorrectly, they
can be moved easily to a new position on the breadboard.
Note: A breadboard is a temporary circuit board for testing and prototyping circuits, no soldering
is done on the board and it implies that it becomes faster and easier to prototype the circuits.
2. Multi-output Power supply (Scientech 4074/4071)
Figure 2: Scientech 4074
Scientech 4074 Multiple 4 Outputs DC Power Supply is designed as a Constant Current (CC)
and Constant Voltage (CV) source for use in laboratories, industries and field testing. With
compact size, light weight and low power loss, it provides DC output voltages for Analog and
Digital testing. The DC output 0-30 V and 0 ±15 V dual tracking can be adjusted, with coarse
and fine controls. DC output 5 V can be adjusted between 4.8 V - 6 V. Current limit is adjustable
from 0-1A. Over loading is indicated by LED. After crossing the specified limit an audible beep
will sound. A 3-digit display for voltage and 3 ½ digit display for current is provided to read the
values. These two parameters are can be switched to display either voltage or current. Scientech
4074 has low ripple and excellent line and load regulation and is provided with protective
circuits to ensure trouble free operation.
Features:
1. Three floating, independent DC supply voltages

2. DC outputs 0 - 30 V, 0 ± 15 V (dual tracking) and 5 V, 1 A each
3. Constant Voltage and Constant Current operation
4. Digital display for voltage and current
5. Selectable Display for Voltage & Current
6. Adjustable current limiter
7. Excellent line & Load Regulation
8. Low Ripple

Figure 3: Scientech 4071
Scientech 4071 Triple Power Supply is designed as a Constant Current (CC) and Constant
Voltage (CV) source for use in laboratories, industries and field testing. With compact size, light
weight and low power loss, it provides DC output voltages for Analog and Digital testing.
Two outputs can be continuously varied between 0 - 30V and third output provide fixed 5V.
Current limit is adjustable for 0 - 30V output. Transition from voltage regulation to current
regulation is automatic and is indicated by LED. The 3 digit LED displays can be switched to
indicate either voltage or current readings.
Scientech 4071 has excellent line and load regulations and is provided with protective circuits to
ensure trouble free operation.
Product Features
1. Three floating, independent DC Output voltages

2. DC Outputs 2 X 0 - 30V/ 500mA & 5V / 1A
3. Constant Voltage and Constant Current operation
4. Short circuit protection
5. Digital display for voltage and current
6. Adjustable current limiter
7. Excellent Line & Load Regulation
8. Low Ripple Voltage

3. Specifications of Digital Multi-meter:
A Multi-meter is an electronic measuring instrument that contributes several functions in one

unit. The most basic instruments include ammeter, voltmeter, and ohmmeter. Analog multi-
meters are sometimes referred to as “volt-ohmmeters”, abbreviated as VOMA multi-meter is a
handheld device and used to find basic fault and for field service work. It can measure to seven
or eight and a half digit of accuracy. Current voltage and resistance measurements are considered
standard features for multi-meter. A multi-meter may be implemented with an analog meter
deflected by an electromagnet, as a classic galvanometer; or with a digital display such as an
LCD or vacuum fluorescent display. Modern multi-meters are, exclusively digital and identified
by the term DMM or digital multi-meter. In such an instrument, the signal under test is converted
to a digital voltage and an amplifier with an electronically controlled gain preconditions the
signal. Since the digital display directly indicates a quantity as a number, there is no risk of error
when viewing a reading. Similarly, better circuitry and electronics have improved the meter
accuracy. Older analog meters might have basic accuracies of ±5%. Modern potable DMMs have
accuracies as good as ±0.025%.
UT-60B Auto ranging Multi-meter with Both AC/DC Current @10A, 3 3/4 Digits for Higher
accuracy, Capacitance and Frequency Test.
Features:
1. Max. LCD display: 3,999

2. Range selection: Auto
3. DC voltage: 400mV ± 0.8%, 4/40/400 V ± 0.8%, 1,000 V ± 1.0%
4. AC voltage: 4/40/400V ± 1.0%, 750 V ± 1.2%
5. DC current: 400u/4mA ± 1.0%, 40/400mA ± 1.2%, 4/10 A ± 1.5%
6. AC current: 400u/4m ± 1.5 %, 40m/400mA ± 2.0 %, 4/10 A ± 2.5%
7. Resistance: 400ohm ± 1.2%, 4k/40k/400k ± 1.0%, 4 M-ohm ± 1.2%,40 M-ohm ± 1.5%
8. Capacitance: 40nF/400n/4µF / 40µF ± ± 3.0%, 100µ ± 4.0%
9. Frequency range: 10-10MHz ± 0.1%
10. Diode test: yes
11. Continuity test: yes

12. Duty cycle: 0.1% - 99.9%
13. Dimensions 6 ¾ x 3 ¼ x 1 ¾ inches
14. Power: 9V 6F22 battery
4. Specifications of Function/Pulse Generator:
Function generators are items of test equipment that are able to generate a variety of simple
repetitive waveforms. Straightforward signal generators such as RF signal generators or simple
audio oscillators focus on producing a good sine waves, but in many cases other waveforms are
needed. In addition to producing sine waves, function generators may typically produce other
repetitive waveforms including saw-tooth and triangular waveforms, square waves, and pulses.
Another feature included on many function generators is the ability to add a DC offset.
Often some of the low end function generators may only operate up to frequencies of possibly
around 100 kHz as the various shaped waveforms are normally only needed at lower frequencies.
However many other more comprehensive function generators are able to operate at much higher
frequencies, often up to 10 or 20 MHz.
Scientech 4061 with 20 x 4 character LCD, fulfil today`s demand of electronics laboratories in
universities, colleges and training centers. They have all whether you need Pulse and Ramp in
addition to Sine, Square,Triangle over the frequency range of 3/10 MHz, or you need internal
and external AM-FM or internal sweep, or PWM. The series have all and also TTL Output. It has
separate operations for function, frequency, modulation, attenuation and Frequency Counter.
Pulse duty cycle and sweep time are variable. AM standard and AM balanced modulation are
done with great accuracies showing clearly the depth of modulation. Attractive sleek design
makes this new series an ideal choice for modern laboratories.
Features:
1. 0.3 Hz - 3 MHz / 1 Hz - 10 MHz (Sine) (Optional)

2. Sine, Square, Triangle, Ramp, Pulse and TTL outputs
3. 20 Vpp output and DC Offset
4. 40 MHz Frequency Counter
5. Rise time & Fall time £ 50 ns
6. 20 × 4 character LCD
7. TTL output
8. 50 W Output Impedance
9. Various types of modulations
10. 20 dB/ 40 dB (fixed) & 20 dB variable attenuation

5. Digital storage oscilloscope (DSO)
A digital oscilloscope is an instrument which stores a digital copy of the waveform in the
digital memory which it analyses further using digital signal processing techniques rather
than using analogue techniques. It captures the non-repetitive signals and displays it
consciously until the device gets reset. In digital storage oscilloscope, signals are received,
stored and then displayed. The maximum frequency measured by digital oscilloscope
depends upon two things: one is sampling rate of the scope, and the other is the nature of the
converter. Converter is either analogue or digital. The traces in digital oscilloscope are bright,
highly defined, and displayed within seconds as they are non-stored traces. The main
advantage of the digital oscilloscope is that it can display visual as well as numerical values
by analyzing the stored traces.
Procedure:
1. Observe the various available options or parts in all the equipment’s shown.
2. Explore and know the features and specifications of the equipment’s.
Conclusion:
The usage of various components is studied.

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Objective:

Hands-on operation and learning of bench-equipment: Breadboard, Multi-output power supply,

Figure 1: Components laid on bread board and some important aspects

BEEP Lab, BML Munjal University Page 7

2. Multi-output Power supply (Scientech 4074/4071)

Figure 2: Scientech 4074

1. Three floating, independent DC supply voltages

BEEP Lab, BML Munjal University Page 8

1. Three floating, independent DC Output voltages

BEEP Lab, BML Munjal University Page 9

A Multi-meter is an electronic measuring instrument that contributes several functions in one

1. Max. LCD display: 3,999

BEEP Lab, BML Munjal University Page 10

4. Specifications of Function/Pulse Generator:

1. 0.3 Hz - 3 MHz / 1 Hz - 10 MHz (Sine) (Optional)

BEEP Lab, BML Munjal University Page 11

BEEP Lab, BML Munjal University Page 12

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