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C2 Grammar - Inversion

Inversion involves changing the usual subject-verb word order in a sentence that begins with a negative adverb or adverbial phrase. It is used with time relationships (e.g. "No sooner had I..."), frequency (e.g. "Never have I..."), conditionals with "had", "were", or "should" (e.g. "Had I been there..."), adverbial phrases of place (e.g. "On the table was..."), and after "so + adjective...that" (e.g. "So beautiful was the girl..."). Inversion emphasizes the adverb or adverbial phrase and is sometimes used for a more formal or literary tone.

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546 views3 pages

C2 Grammar - Inversion

Inversion involves changing the usual subject-verb word order in a sentence that begins with a negative adverb or adverbial phrase. It is used with time relationships (e.g. "No sooner had I..."), frequency (e.g. "Never have I..."), conditionals with "had", "were", or "should" (e.g. "Had I been there..."), adverbial phrases of place (e.g. "On the table was..."), and after "so + adjective...that" (e.g. "So beautiful was the girl..."). Inversion emphasizes the adverb or adverbial phrase and is sometimes used for a more formal or literary tone.

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ANDREA
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C2 PROFICIENCY

GRAMMAR

INVERSION
WHAT IS INVERSION?
We use inversion when we begin a sentence with a negative adverb or adverbial
phrase, we sometimes have to change the usual word order of subject and verb
(often using an auxiliary verb such as do)

WE USE INVERSION IN:


Time relationships

We use inversion after ‘negative’ adverbs which emphasise a time relationship at


the beginning of a sentence:

No sooner had I picked up the phone, I knew I had got accepted into Harvard

We use inversion with phrases that use not:

Not since I was a kid, had I seen such a great movie.

We use inversion with some time phrases that use only:

Only after I visited my grandmother, did I come to know about my grandfather fighting in the
war.
Frequency

We use inversion after ‘negative’ adverbs which emphasise frequency at the


beginning of a sentence.

Never have I visited the MoMa.

We can also use inversion after ‘negative’ adverbs at the beginning of a


sentence to emphasise how infrequently things happen.

Little did she realise what was about to happen.

Here are some negative adverbs and adverb phrases that we often use with inversion:

HARDLY Hardly had I got into bed when the telephone rang.

NEVER Never had she seen such a beautiful sight before.

SELDOM Seldom do we see such an amazing display of dance.

RARELY Rarely will you hear such beautiful music.

ONLY THEN Only then did I understand why the tragedy had happened.

Not only does he love chocolate and sweets but he also


NOT ONLY ... BUT
smokes.
No sooner had we arrived home than the police rang the
NO SOONER
doorbell.
Scarcely had I got off the bus when it crashed into the back of a
SCARCELY
car.

ONLY LATER Only later did she really think about the situation.

NOWHERE Nowhere have I ever had such bad service.

LITTLE Little did he know!


ONLY IN THIS WAY Only in this way could John earn enough money to survive.
IN NO WAY In no way do I agree with what you're saying.
ON NO ACCOUNT On no account should you do anything without asking me first.
We can use inversion instead of 'if' in conditionals with 'had' 'were' and 'should'.
This is quite formal:

• Normal conditional: If I had been there, this problem wouldn't have happened.
• Conditional with inversion: Had I been there, this problem wouldn't have happened.
• Normal conditional: If we had arrived sooner, we could have prevented this tragedy!
• Conditional with inversion: Had we arrived sooner, we could have prevented this tragedy!

We can use inversion if we put an adverbial expression of place at the beginning


on the sentence. This is also quite formal or literary:

• On the table was all the money we had lost. (Normal sentence: All the money we had
lost was on the table.)
• Round the corner came the knights. (Normal sentence: The knights came round the
corner.)

We can use inversion after 'so + adjective...that':

• So beautiful was the girl that nobody could talk of anything else. (Normal sentence: the
girl was so beautiful that nobody could talk of anything else.)
• So delicious was the food that we ate every last bite. (Normal sentence: the food was so
delicious that we ate every last bite.)

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