DPP - Daily Practice Problems

Chapter-wise Sheets
Date : Start Time : End Time :

CB33
SYLLABUS : Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Max. Marks : 180 Marking Scheme : + 4 for correct & (–1) for incorrect Time : 60 min.

INSTRUCTIONS : This Daily Practice Problem Sheet contains 45 MCQ's. For each question only one option is correct.
Darken the correct circle/ bubble in the Response Grid provided on each page.

1. The linking of antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid (c) PCR
vector became possible with (d) Gel electrophoresis
(a) DNA ligase 5. PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism are
(b) Endonucleases the methods for :
(c) DNA polymerase (a) Study of enzymes
(d) Exonucleases (b) Genetic transformation
2. DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radioactive molecule is (c) DNA sequencing
called (d) Genetic Fingerprinting
(a) Vector (b) Probe 6. ‘Cloning’ is meant for/to
(c) Clone (d) Plasmid (a) production of HGH gene in E. coli
3. Restriction endonucleases are enzymes which (b) preserve the genotype of organism
(a) make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule (c) replace the original gene
(b) recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding (d) All of the above
of DNA ligase 7. Which one of the following is used as vector for cloning
(c) restrict the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase genes into higher organisms?
(d) remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule (a) Baculovirus
4. Agarose extracted from sea weeds finds use in : (b) Salmonella typhimurium
(a) Spectrophotometry (c) Rhizopus nigricans
(b) Tissue culture (d) Retrovirus

RESPONSE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
GRID 6. 7.
Space for Rough Work
B-130 DPP/ CB33
8. The figure below is the diagrammatic representation of the 13. Plasmid used to construct the first recombinant DNA was
E.Coli vector pBR 322. Which one of the given options isolated from which bacterium species?
correctly identifies its certain component (s) ? (a) Escherichia coli
(b) Salmonella typhimurium
(c) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(d) Thermus aquaticus
14. Genetic engineering is possible because
(a) we can cut DNA at specific sites by restriction endo-
nucleases
(b) restriction endonucleases purified from virus can be
used in bacteria
(c) the phenomenon of transduction in bacteria is well
understood
(d) we can seen DNA by electron microscope
15. Gel electrophoresis is a
(a) technique of separation of charged molecules under
(a) ori - original restriction enzyme the influence of magnetic field
(b) rop-reduced osmotic pressure (b) technique of incorporation of DNA molecules into the
(c) Hind III, EcoRI - selectable markers cell through transient pores made due to electrical im-
(d) ampR, tetR - antibiotic resistance genes pulses
9. Electroporation procedure involves (c) technique of separation of DNA fragments through
(a) fast passage of food through sieve pores in phloem the pores of agarose gel under the influence of electric
elements with the help of electric stimulation. field
(b) opening of stomatal pores during night by artificial (d) technique of separation and purification of gene prod-
light. ucts.
(c) making transient pores in the cell membrane to 16. In recombinant DNA technology, the term vector refers to
introduce gene constructs. (a) the enzyme that cuts DNA into restriction fragments
(d) purification of saline water with the help of a membrane (b) the sticky end of a DNA fragment
system. (c) a plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living cell
10. What is the first step in the Southern blot technique? (d) a DNA fragment which carries only ori gene
(a) Denaturation of DNA on the gel for hybridization with 17. In agarose gel electrophoresis
specific probe. (a) DNA migrates towards the negative electrode
(b) Production of a group of genetically identical cells. (b) supercoiled plamids migrate slower than their nicked
(c) Digestion of DNA by restriction enzyme. counterparts
(d) Denaturation of DNA from a nucleated cell such as (c) larger molecules migrate faster than smaller molecules
the one from the scene of crime. (d) ethidium bromide can be used to visualize the DNA
11. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology was 18. Which of the following is based upon the principle of
discovered by antigen-antibody interaction?
(a) Karry Mullis (b) Saiki et al (a) PCR (b) ELISA
(c) Craig Venter (d) Maxam and Gilbert (c) R DNA technology (d) RNA
12. For transformation, micro-particles coated with DNA to be 19. Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering
bombarded with gene gun are made up of : are
(a) Silver or Platinum (a) Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage
(b) Platinum or Zinc (b) Diplococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.
(c) Silicon or Platinum (c) Crown gall bacterium and Caenorhabditis elegans
(d) Gold or Tungsten (d) Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens

8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

RESPONSE
13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
GRID
18. 19.
Space for Rough Work
DPP/ CB33 B-131

20. The figure below shows three steps (A, B, C) of Polymerase (c) these can shuttle between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Chain Reaction (PCR). Select the option giving correct cells.
identification together with what it represents? (d) these often carry antibiotic resistance genes.
25. The term "competent" refers to
(a) increasing the competition between cells
(b) making cells impermeable for DNA
(c) increasing the efficiency with which DNA enters the
bacterium through pores in its cell wall
(d) making cells permeable for divalent cations
26. The correct sequence of different steps of polymerase chain
reaction is
(a) Annealing Denaturation Extension
(b) Denaturation Extension Annealing
(c) Denaturation Annealing Extension
(d) Extension Denaturation Annealing
27. Eukaryotic genes do not function properly when cloned
into a bacterial cell, because
(a) of high pH present in bacterial cells
(a) B - Denaturation at a temperature of about 98°C (b) of inability to excise introns and destruction by bacte-
separating the two DNA strands. rial restriction enzymes
(c) of inappropriate insertion of genes
(b) A - Denaturation at a temperature of about 50°C.
(d) both (a) and (b).
(c) C - Extension in the presence of heat stable DNA
28. Which structure involved in genetic engineering?
polymerase.
(a) Plastid (b) Plasmid
(d) A - Annealing with two sets of primers.
(c) Codon (d) None of these
21. Biolistics (gene-gun) is suitable for
29. Ti-plasmid used in genetic engineering has been modified
(a) DNA finger printing
by
(b) Disarming pathogen vectors
(a) adding tumour forming genes.
(c) Transformation of plant cells (b) deleting tumour forming genes.
(d) Constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors (c) adding genes for endonucleases.
22. Baculoviruses are excellent candidates for (d) deleting genes for endonucleases.
(a) species-specific narrow spectrum pesticidal applications. 30. Which of the following technique is used for the detection
(b) species-specific broad spectr um pesticidal of RNA fragments ?
applications.
(a) Northern blotting (b) Chromatography
(c) species-specific narrow spectrum insecticidal
(c) Transformation (d) Transduction
applications.
31. Which of these is not correctly matched ?
(d) species-specific broad spectrum insecticidal applications.
(a) Gene gun—biolistic gun
23. Which of the following technique is used for the separation
(b) Plasmids—extrachromosomal DNA
of DNA fragments ? (c) DNA ligase—Biological scissors
(a) Gel electrophoresis (b) Chromatography
(d) Bacteriophages—viruses.
(c) Transformation (d) Transduction
24. Plasmids are suitable vectors for gene cloning because 32. Polyethylene glycol method is used for
(a) these are small circular DNA molecules which can (a) biodiesel production
integrate with host chromosomal DNA. (b) seedless fruit production
(c) energy production from sewage
(b) these are small circular DNA molecules with their own
replication origin site. (d) gene transfer without a vector

20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

RESPONSE
25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
GRID
30. 31. 32.
Space for Rough Work
B-132 DPP/ CB33
33. Which of the following is a molecular scissors? (a) A-IV; B-I; C-II; D-III
(a) EcoRI (b) Hind III (b) A-II; B-I; C-IV; D-III
(c) Bam H II (d) All of these (c) A-IV; B-I; C-III; D-II
34. Rennin used in cheese industry is (d) A-I; B-IV; C-II; D-III
(a) antibiotic (b) alkaloid 41. Which one of the following palindromic base sequences in
(c) enzyme (d) inhibitor DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular
35. The primary reason why the same basic techniques can be restriction enzyme?
used to analyze the DNA from species as diverse as bacteria (a) 5'.............CGTTCG.............3'
and humans is that 3'.............ATGGTA.............5'
(a) all cells are identical. (b) 5'.............GATATG.............3'
(b) every organism has the same amount of DNA. 3'.............CTACTA.............5'
(c) the DNA sequences of all organisms are the same. (c) 5'.............GAATTC.............3'
(d) DNA has a consistent structure in all organisms.
3'.............CTTAAG.............5'
36. Which of the following is a plasmid?
(a) pBR 322 (b) Bam H I (d) 5'.............CACGTA.............3'
(c) Sal I (d) Eco R I 3'.............CTCAGT.............5'
37. There is a restriction endonuclease called EcoRI. What does 42. During heat shock to the bacterium, the temperature used
.co part in it stand for ? for giving thermal shock is
(a) Colon (b) Coelom (a) 52°C (b) 100°C
(c) Coenzyme (d) coli (c) liquid nitrogen (d) 42°C
38. Restriction endonuclease - Hind II always cuts DNA 43. Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for
molecules at a particular point by recognizing a specific (a) addition of preservatives to the product.
sequence of (b) purification of the product.
(a) six base pairs. (b) five base pairs. (c) ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel.
(c) four base pairs. (d) seven base pairs. (d) availability of oxygen throughout the process.
39. Which of the following enzyme is used in case of fungus to 44. After completion of biosynthetic stage, the product has to
cause release of DNA along with other macromolecules ? be subjected through a series of processes before it is ready
(a) Lysozyme (b) Cellulase to marketing as a finished product. This series of processes
(c) Chitinase (d) Amylase is called
40. Match Column I with Column II and identify the correct (a) upstream processing (b) downstream processing
option. (c) elution (d) insertional inactivation
Column - I Column - II 45. Which of the following is not necessary to execute a
A. Primers I. PCR polymerase chain reaction successfully?
B. Separation and II. C2H5OH (a) All four DNA bases
purification of products (b) Short DNA base primers
C. Precipitation of DNA III. Uptake of foreign DNA (c) DNA polymerase
by bacterium (d) DNA library
D. Transformation IV. Down stream processing

33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

RESPONSE 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.
GRID 43. 44. 45.
Space for Rough Work

DAILY PRACTICE PROBLEM DPP CHAPTERWISE 33 - BIOLOGY

Total Questions 45 Total Marks 180
Attempted Correct
Space for Rough Work
Incorrect Net Score
Cut-off Score 48 Qualifying Score 60
Success Gap = Net Score – Qualifying Score
Net Score = (Correct × 4) – (Incorrect × 1)
 HINTS & SOLUTIONS

DPP /CB33
1. (a) The linking of antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid DNA attached to it.
vector became possible with DNA ligase. DNA ligase is an 14. (a) Genetic engineering is the artificial synthesis, isolation, modi-
enzyme that is able to join together two portions of DNA fication, combination, addition and repair of the genetic ma-
and therefore plays an important role in DNA repair. DNA terial (DNA) to alter the phenotype of the host organims to
ligase is also used in recombinant DNA technology as it suit human needs. It is the manipulation of genes by man in
ensures that the foreign DNA is bound to the plasmid into vitro. Restriction endonucleases play major role in genetic
which it is incorporated. engineering as they can cut DNA at specific sites.
2. (b) DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radioactive molecule is 15. (c) Electrophoresis is a technique of separation of molecules
called probe. They are used to detect the presence of such as DNA, RNA or protein, under the influence of an
complementary sequences in nucleic acid samples. Probes electrical field, so that they migrate in the direction of elec-
are used for identification and isolation of DNA and RNA. trode bearing the opposite charge, viz, positively charged
3. (a) Restriction endonucleases are enzymes that makes cuts at molecule move towards cathode (–ve electrode) and nega-
specific positions within the DNA molecule. They acts as tively charged molecues travel towards anode (+ve electrode)
molecular scissors. They recognise specific base sequence at under an electric filed through a matrix of agarose gel. The
palindromic sites in DNA duplex and cut its strands. DNA fragments separate according to their size through the
4. (d) In gel electrophoresis, agarose extracted from sea weed used agarose gel, with smaller fragments moving farther away as
as gel agarose, made of 0.7% gel show good resolution of compared to larger ones. The DNA fragments can be visual-
large DNA and 2% gel will show good resolution of small ized by staining them with ethidium bromide followed by
fragments. exposure to UV radiations. Bright orange coloured bands of
5. (d) DNA can be observed. The separated DNA bands are then
6. (b) Cloning is the production of an organism with exactly similar cut out from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece.
genetic make up as in the mother individual. Cloning is done This step is known as elution. The DNA fragments purified
to preserve genotype of an individual. This is achieved by in this manner are used in constructing recombinant DNA by
cell culture, tissue culture or genetic engineering. joining them with cloning vectors.
7. (d) Retrovirus has the ability to transform normal cells into 16. (c) The DNA used as a carrier for transferring a fragment of
cancerous cells. Hence, it can used as a vector for cloning foreign DNA into a suitable hosts is called vehicle DNA of
desirable genes into animal cells. cloning vector or gene carrier. When desired gene is intro-
8. (d) In pBR 322; duced into a vector, recombinant DNA is formed. Vectors
-ori-represents site of origin of replication may be plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, phagemids, Yeast
-rop-represents those proteins that take part in replication Artificial Chromosomes (YACs) Bacterial Artificial Chro-
of plasmid. mosomes (BACs), transposons, viruses, etc.
-Hind III, EcoRI- Recoginition sites of Restriction 17. (d) 18. (b)
endonucleases 19. (d) Escherichia coli is a bacterium found in human colon. On
-ampR and tetR - They are antibiotic resistant gene part. this bacterium scientists have made extensive genetic
9. (c) Electroporation is the method of making cell membrane experiments to make some vital chemicals like insulin. Another
permeable for the entry of recombinant DNA into the bacteria. bacterium is Agrobacterium tumefaciens which causes crown
10. (c) The Southern blot is used to detect and identify certain DNA gall in plants is extensively used for genetic experiments.
sequences in a sample of bodily fluid. It uses single-stranded 20. (c) PCR is a technique for enzymatically replicating DNA
DNA to search out their complementary strands. When a without using a living organism such as E. coli or yeast. It is
Southern blot is performed on DNA, the first step is digestion commonly used in medical and biological research labs for a
of DNA with restriction enzymes. Restriction enzymes cut variety of tasks like detection of hereditary diseases,
DNA at known sequences, and produces DNA fragments of identification of genetic fingerprints etc.
a certain length. Once the DNA is cut into pieces, scientists The correct steps shown in the given figure are:
conduct electrophoresis to separate them by size. A – Denaturation at a temperature of about 94° to 98°C. During
11. (a) PCR is now a common and often indispensable technique, the denaturation, the double strand melts open to single
developed in 1984 by Kary Mullis, used in medical and stranded DNA, and all enzymatic reactions stop.
biological research labs for a variety of applications. These B – Annealing (binding of DNA primer to the separated strands.
include DNA cloning for sequencing, DNA-based Occurs at 50° to 65°Celsius, which is lower than the optimal
phylogeny, or functional analysis of genes; the diagnosis of temperature of the DNA polymerases)
hereditary diseases; the identification of genetic fingerprints C – Extension or elongation of the strands using the DNA primer
(used in forensic sciences and paternity testing); and the with heat-stable DNA polymerases, most frequently Taq
detection and diagnosis of infectious diseases. In 1993, (Thermus aquaticus) at 72ºC.
Mullis won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on 21. (d) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (b)
PCR. 25. (c) Transformation is a process by which a cell takes up naked
12. (d) For gene transfer into the host cell without using vector DNA fragment from the environment, incorporates it into its
microparticles made of tungsten and gold coated with foreign own chromosomal DNA and finally expresses the trait con-
DNA are bombarded into target cells at a very high velocity. trolled by the incoming DNA. Since DNA is a hydrophilic
13. (b) The first fecombinant DNA was constructed by Stanley molecule, it can not pass through membranes, so that bacte-
Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1972. They cut the piece of rial cells must be made competent to take up DNA. This is
DNA from a plasmid carryign antibotic-resistance gene in done by treating them with a specific concentration of a
the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium and linked it to the divalent cation, such as calcium (Ca2+) which increases the
plasmid of Escherichia coli. The vector transfers the piece of efficiency with which DNA enters the bacterium through
pores in its cell wall. Recombination DNA (rDNA) can then
be forced into such cells by incubating them briefly at 42° C
(heat shock), and then putting them back on ice. This enables
the bacteria to take up the recombination DNA.
26. (c) Polymerase chain reaction is a technique used to replicate a
fragment of DNA so as to produce many copies of a particu-
lar DNA sequence. A single PCR amplification cycle involves
three basic steps: denaturation, annealing and extension
(polymerisation).
27. (a) Eukaryotic genes do not function properly when transferred
into bacterial cell because introns are present in eukaryotic
cells but are absent in prokaryotic cells. Hence, when bacte-
rial cell is transformed with recombinant DNA generated
using human gene, it could not process it. As a result desired
protein will not be
produced.
28. (b) 29. (b) 30. (a) 31. (c)
32. (d) Direct gene transfer is the transfer of naked. DNA into plant
cells but the presence of rigid plant cell wall acts as a barrier
to uptake. Therefore, protoplasts are the favoured target for
direct gene transfer. Polyethylene glycol mediated DNA
uptake is a direct gene transfer method that utilizes the
interaction between polyethylene glycol, naked DNA, salts
and the protoplast membrane to effect transport of the DNA
into the cytoplasm.
33. (d) 34. (c)
35. (d) The fact that DNA is structured the same way in all known
organisms means that similar methods can be used to study
the hereditary material.
36. (a) pBR 322 is an artificially constructed vector plasmid.
It is widely used in gene cloning experiments.
37. (d) EcoRI is an endonuclease enzyme isolated from strains of
E.coli and a part of restriction modified system. So, .co part
stands for coli.
38. (a) Restriction endonuclease-Hind II, always cuts DNA molecules
at a particular point by recognizing a specific sequence of six
base pairs. This specific base sequence is known as the
recognition sequence for Hind II.
39. (c) Chitinase is an enzyme that cleaves the glycosidic bonds in
chitin, thereby breaking down the structural polysaccharide
component of the hard outer covering of many animals and
of the cell wall of fungi.
40. (d)
41. (c) Palindromic sequences in DNA molecule are group of bases that
forms the same sequence when read in both forward and
backward direction. In the given question, only option (c)
represents a palindromic sequence.
42. (d) During heat shock to the bacterium, the temperature used for
giving thermal shock is 42º C. This enables the bacteria to
take up the recombinant DNA.
43. (d) A stirred-tank bioreactors is usually cylindrical or with a
curved base to facilitate the mixing of the reaction contents.
The stirrer facilitates even mixing and oxygen availability
throughout the bioreactor. Alternatively air can be bubbled
through the reactor.
44. (b) Downstream processing refers to the recovery and purification
of biosynthetic products, particularly pharmaceuticals. It is
an essential step in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals such
as antibiotics, hormones (e.g. insulin and human growth
hormone), antibodies and vaccines; antibodies and enzymes
used in diagnostics; industrial enzymes; and natural fragrance
and flavour compounds.
45. (d) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique of synthesizing
multiple copies of the desired gene (or DNA) in vitro.
At the start of PCR, the DNA from which a segment is to be
amplified, an excess of the two primer molecules, the four
deoxynucleoside triphosphates and the DNA polymerase
are mixed together in reaction mixture that has appropriate
quantities of Mg2+ . The PCR operation is followed in a
sequence where denaturation, primer extention occurs.