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DC Analysis

Here are the steps to verify Ic using the formula Ic=βIB: 1. Get the value of IB from the Bias Point Detail results. 2. Get the value of βdc (forward current gain) from the Bias Point Detail results. 3. Calculate Ic using the formula: Ic = βIB Ic = 100mA * 50 Ic = 5mA 4. Compare the calculated Ic value to the Ic value given in the Bias Point Detail results. They should match. This verifies that the Ic value obtained from the simulation is correct using the relationship between Ic, IB and β.

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67 views35 pages

DC Analysis

Here are the steps to verify Ic using the formula Ic=βIB: 1. Get the value of IB from the Bias Point Detail results. 2. Get the value of βdc (forward current gain) from the Bias Point Detail results. 3. Calculate Ic using the formula: Ic = βIB Ic = 100mA * 50 Ic = 5mA 4. Compare the calculated Ic value to the Ic value given in the Bias Point Detail results. They should match. This verifies that the Ic value obtained from the simulation is correct using the relationship between Ic, IB and β.

Uploaded by

Elveron
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ELECTRONIC COMPUTER

AIDED DESIGN
(DEE3071)

ANALOGUE CIRCUIT
SIMULATION -
DC ANALYSIS
OUTCOMES
• Explain dc analysis.
• Explain dc source.
• Apply and set up independent dc sources.
• Apply and set up dependent dc sources.
• Apply and set up two dc sources in the same
circuit.
• Set up dc analysis
• Explain output format.
• Draw samples of dc analog circuits.
• Measure dc voltage drop across a component.
• Measure dc current flow in circuits.
• Calculate dc operating point.
TYPES OF SIMULATION ANALYSIS

• There are FOUR (4) types of analysis


used in simulation process.
• Each analysis has its own setup format.
I. DC Analysis
II. Transient Analysis
III. AC Analysis
IV. Fourier and Noise Analysis
IMPORTANT!
To run dc analysis, the circuit to be
simulated has to have dc source.

A dc source generates dc voltage or dc


current for the circuit to operate.

No dc analysis can be done to a


circuit without a dc source connected
to it.
WHAT IS DC ANALYSIS?
• DC analysis is a type of analysis which
involves the use of dc source.

• In this analysis, all inductor elements are


considered as short circuit and capacitor
elements as open circuit.

• This is because at 0Hz frequency,


reactance of inductor is zero and
reactance of capacitor is infiniti, ().
Source Element
DC Source

A source that generates dc voltage


and dc current. There are two types
of dc sources – dependent source,
independent source.
Source Element

Independent dc source
• An independent dc source
generates voltage or current by
itself and does not depend on
other elements in the circuit.
Source Element
Dependent dc source
• There are FOUR(4) types of dependent dc
sources:
1. VCVS - Voltage Controlled Voltage Source
2. CCVS – Current Controlled Voltage
Source
3. VCCS – Voltage Controlled Current
Source
4. CCCS – Current Controlled Current
Source
Measure DC Voltage

• There are two techniques to


determine dc voltage in circuits. You
get to choose which technique is
better.
–Use VPRINT1 (for single node) or
VPRINT2 (across two node)
–Use VIEWPOINT
Measure DC Voltage

First Technique

• DC voltage drop across a component


can be measured by placing a part
called VPRINT1 or VPRINT2 in
parallel with the component.
Measure DC Voltage
• VPRINT1 is
used to measure
voltage drop at a
single node. This
means that
voltage is always
measured with
reference to
ground.
Measure DC Voltage
• VPRINT2 is
used to
measure
voltage drop
across two
nodes and the
second node is
not the ground
node.
Measure DC Voltage
Printing DC Voltages

• You can print the voltage between any pair


of nodes.

• V(m,n) prints the voltage from node "m" to


node "n."
Printing DC Voltages
.PRINT DC V(a)
(Prints the node voltages)

.PRINT DC V(a,b) @ Prints the


voltage
.PRINT DC V(R1) across R1

Prints the
.PRINT DC V(c,b) @ voltage
.PRINT DC V(R1) across R2
Example
Printing DC Voltages
Measure DC Voltage

Second Technique

• Another way to determine dc voltage


is to place a part called VIEWPOINT
at the nodes in the circuit.

• Shown below is the symbol for


VIEWPOINT.
Measure DC Voltage
VIEWPOINT will measure the voltage at a
node with reference to ground
Measure DC Voltage
Measure DC Current

• There are two techniques to


determine dc current in circuits. You
get to choose which technique is
better.
–Use IPRINT
–Use IPROBE
Measure DC Current
First Technique
• DC current flow through a particular part
or circuit branch can be measured by
placing a part called IPRINT in that
branch.

• IPRINT is placed in series with the part


that you wish to measure the current
flow. If current flows are to be
determined in other branches of the
circuit, then a few IPRINTs are needed.
Measure DC Current
Measure DC Current
.PRINT DC I(R1)
prints the currents from + to - of
R1

.PRINT DC I(R2) I(R3)


prints the currents through R2
and R3
Measure DC Current

• Edit the attributes of IPRINT by keying in


the two nodes where IPRINT is inserted.

• The results of the current measurement


are kept in an output file.

• This file is generated automatically by


Pspice after running simulation process.
Measure DC Current
Second Techique

• Another way of determining dc current is


to place a part called IPROBE shown
below. It is placed in series into the circuit
as shown in figure.

• IPROBE will measure the current flow


through a component or in a branch.
Measure DC Current
Measure DC Current
Calculating DC Operating Point
One of the first things you should do when
you are simulating an amplifier circuit is to check
the transistor operating point.
If the transistor bias is incorrect, none of
the other analyses will be valid.
If another analysis does not make sense,
check the operating point.
When Pspice finds the bias point, it
assumes that all capacitors are open circuits and
all inductors are short circuits.
Example
Enable The Bias Point Detail
1. Select Analysis and then Setup from the
Schematic menu bar OR You can also
click the button

2. Enable the Bias Point Detail button.

3. Click Close.

4. Run the simulation. Click


Enable The Bias Point Detail
• The simulation window will appear as
shown below:
R
E
S
U
L
T
Exercise
1. From the results of Bias Point Detail
analysis, get the value of:
• Ic
• IB
• dc
• VBE
• VCE
Exercise
2. Verify the value of Ic that
you get from (1) using this
formula:
Ic=IB

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