Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No.

326/1

1 Design of Pier(Typical):
Type of Structure Plate Girder with PCC Pier Bridge No.: Br. No. 326/1

Dimensional data :

Span c/c of bearings i.e. Effective span = 19.03 m

Total length of girder = 19.73 m
Square Span = 19.73 m
Skew angle of the bridge = 0.00 degree
Width of track = 3.25 m
Total Width of Bridge = 9.60 m
Spacing between the girder = 1.85 m
Number of main girder = 4 nos.
Length of Cantilever = 0.35 m
Depth of main girder on pier = 1.09 m
Thickness of bearing = 0.20 m
Longitudinal dimension of bearing = 0.65 m
Transverse dimension of bearing = 0.45 m
Average heigth of pedestal on abutment cap = 0.05 m
Rail level = 504.19 m
Formation Level = 503.63 m
Ground Level (Pier) = 481.19 m
Low Bed level = 481.19 m
Founding level = 475.20 m
Back water level = 498.53 m
Bridge No. = 326-1
Top width of Pier = 1525.00 mm
Top width of footing (Pier) = 6885.00 mm
Front taper in Pier = 1.480 m
Back taper in Pier = 1.480 m
Velocity of water = 3 m/sec

Property Data

Grade of concrete for substructure = 10.00 N/mm^2

Grade of Reinforcement for substructure = 500.00 N/mm^2
Clear Cover to reinforcement for abutment = 50.00 mm
Clear Cover to reiforcement for foundation = 75.00 mm
Unit Weight of PCC = 22.00 KN/m^3
Unit weight of RCC = 25.00 KN/m^3
Poisson's ratio for concrete = 0.15
Dry Density of Back fill = 18.00 KN/m^3
Saturated density of Back fill = 20.00 KN/m^3
Unit weigth of Soil = 18.00 KN/m^3
Friction coefficient between concrete & soil base (u) = 0.50
Allowable Stress in concrete in direct compression (As per Ref Cal) (fck/4) = 2.50 N/mm^2
Allowable Stress in concrete in bending compression (fck/3) = 3.33 N/mm^2
Allowable stress in steel in bending tension = 240.00 N/mm^2
Modular ratio (Cl. No. 5.2.6 of CBC) (280/fck) = 28.000
Modulus of elasticity concrete (Cl. No. 5.2.2.1 of CBC) = 18000.000 N/mm^2
Modulus of elasticity steel (Cl. No. 5.2.2.1 of CBC) = 29500.000 N/mm^2
Coefficent of thermal concrete (Cl. No. 2.6.2 of Br. rule) = 0.0000108 Per deg. C.
Coefficent of thermal Steel (Cl. No. 2.6.2 of Br. rule) = 0.0000117 Per deg. C.
Shrinkage strain (Cl. No. 5.2.3.1 of CBC) = 0.00030
Creep in concrete (Cl. No. 5.2.4.1 of CBC) = 0.000043
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

A General

Depth of Foundation = 5.990 m

Gross safe bearing capacity in foundation = 2000.000 KN/m^2
Angle of internal friction of soil φ = 30.00 Degree
= 0.52 rad
B Section details

Rail top level at Pier = 504.187 m

Distance between the girders = 1.85 m
Girder depth+bearing thickness+pedestal ht. = 1.930 m
Pier cap level = 501.95 m
Founding level adopted 475.20 m
Ground Level = 481.19 m
Thickness of Pier cap = 0.3 m
Ht. of pier from foundation base to top of cap = 26.75 m
Thickness of foundation slab at junction = 2.4 m
Thickness of foundation slab at edge = 0.6 m
Net ht. of Pier from top of foundation slab to top of cap = 24.35
Width of uniform distribution at live load = 3 m
Width of Pier cap = 1.474 m
Width of Pier at top = 1.525 m
Width of Pier at Base = 4.485 m
Front projection in founding slab (long) = 1.5 m
Back projection in foundation slab (long) = 1.5 m
Total length of founding along longitudinal direction = 6.885 m
Rectangular length of pier at top (trans) = 9 m
Total length of pier at top (trans) including semicircle = 10.526 m
Area of Pier at Top = 16.05 m^2
Rectangular length of pier at bottom (trans) = 10.53 m
Radius of circular part at bottom = 2.33 m
Total length of pier at bottom (trans) including semicircle = 12.86 m
Avg length of pier at base = 13.41 m
Area of pier at bottom = 60.13 m^2
Front projection in founding slab (trans) = 1.50 m
Back projection in foundation slab (trans) = 1.50 m
Central width in foundation slab (trans) = 12.86 m
Total length of founding along transverse direction = 15.81 m
Avg length of pier at foundation = 15.81 m

Forces on Pier

1. Dead Loads

Weight of rail 60kg 4 Nos. (2x0.6x2)*2 = 4.8 KN/m

sleeper @1660 number/km 1660/1000 = 4 Nos.
Weight of single sleeper = 3.188 KN
Weight of sleeper on per meter run 3.188x1.66 = 12.8 KN/m
SIDL = 17.6 KN/m
SuperStructure Load = 13.8 KN/m
DL+SIDL = 31.4 KN/m
Total Dead Load +SIDL rection on Pier = 1238.0 KN Two Track

2. Live Loads

Single Span Loaded Condition

Maximum Bending moment (Appendix - XXIII of Bridge rules) = 3956.56 KN two track
EUDL for B.M = 207.91 KN/m
Maximum Shear Force (Appendix - XXIII of Bridge rules) = 4361.32 KN two track
EUDL for S.F. 221.11 KN/m

CDA (Appendix - XXIII of Bridge rules) = 0.47

Single Span loaded condition

EUDL for B.M = 305.63 KN/m
EUDL for S.F. = 325.03 KN/m
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Live Load Reaction: (Appendix - XXII 25t loading 2008)

Single Span Loaded Condition

a Comb.1-Double headed desiel Loco
Maximum tractive force per loco = 618.03 kN
Number of driving axles = 6 Nos
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

6x 245.25 kN
9.17 m
1.85 1.85 5.47 1.85 1.85 9.55
0.348 19.030 m 0.348
C D

Maximum vertical reaction RC = 1000.89 kN

Minimum vertical reaction RD = 470.61 kN
Longitudinal force due to tractive effort = 618.03 kN
Longitudinal force due to braking = 367.88 kN

b Comb.2-Double headed Electric Loco

Maximum tractive force per loco = 510.12 kN
Number of driving axles = 6 Nos
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

6x 220.725 kN
12.26 m
1.85 1.85 4.86 1.85 1.85 8.30
0.35 19.03 m 0.35
C D

Maximum vertical reaction RC = 921.86 kN

Minimum vertical reaction RD = 402.49 kN
Longitudinal force due to tractive effort = 510.12 kN
Longitudinal force due to braking = 331.09 kN

c Comb.3- Electric Loco [(Bo-Bo)+(Bo-Bo)]

Maximum tractive force per loco = 824.04 kN
Number of driving axles = 8 Nos
5x 245.25 kN
15.55 m
2.80 4.30 2.80 5.65
0.348 19.03 m 0.348
C D

Maximum vertical reaction RC = 793.1 kN

Minimum vertical reaction RD = 433.2 kN
Longitudinal force due to tractive effort = 515.0 kN
Longitudinal force due to braking = 306.6 kN

d Comb.4-Double headed 25t Loco

Maximum tractive force per loco = 490.50 kN
Number of driving axles = 6 Nos

6x 245.25 kN
13.56 m
2.05 1.95 5.56 1.95 2.05 5.94
0.35 19.03 m 0.35
C D

Maximum vertical reaction RC = 974.11 kN

Minimum vertical reaction RD = 497.39 kN
Longitudinal force due to tractive effort = 490.50 kN
Longitudinal force due to braking = 367.88 kN

e Comb.5-Double headed 22.5t Loco

Maximum tractive force per loco = 490.50 kN
Number of driving axles = 6 Nos

3x 220.725 9.6m 3x 220.725 1x 220.725

3.30 m
1.65 1.65 3.00 1.65 m 1.65 6.40
0.35 19.03 m 0.35
C D

Maximum vertical reaction RC = 1053.66 kN

Minimum vertical reaction RD = 491.41 kN
Longitudinal force due to tractive effort = 572.25 kN
Longitudinal force due to braking = 386.27 kN

Maximum live load reaction on Pier (With CDA) = 3097.77 KN

Tractive Force (Appendix -XXIV of IRS Br. Rules) = 653.74 KN

Braking Force (Appendix -XXIV of IRS Br. Rules) = 441.45 KN

Maximum longitudinal forces after dispersion (Cl. No. 2.8.4 IRS Br. Rule) = 1307.48 KN

Double Span Loaded Condtion

Maximum Bending moment (Appendix - XXIII of Bridge rules) = 7389.48 KN

EUDL for B.M = 194.15 KN/m
Maximum Shear Force (Appendix - XXIII of Bridge rules) = 8209.8 KN
EUDL for S.F. = 215.706779 KN/m
CDA (Appendix - XXIII of Bridge rules) = 0.324

Case 1 Maximum Longitudinal force & Coexisting vertical reaction case:

Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Comb. 1- Loco

6 x 245.25 kN

0.35 19.03 0.35

632 A 4399.00 B

6 x 245.25 kN

19.03 0.35
0.35 3561.7 0.00 D

Maximum Live load on pier for double span (without CDA) = 4399.00 KN
Maximum Live load on pier for double span (With CDA) = 5824.276 KN

Tractive Force (Appendix -XXIV of IRS Br. Rules) = 1236.06 KN

Braking Force (Appendix -XXIV of IRS Br. Rules) = 784.8 KN

Maximum longitudinal force after dispersion as per Cl. 2.8.3.5 of Br. Rule = 1236.06 KN

Dispersion through rail as per cl. 2.8.4 min. 16t or 25% whichever is more
Total longitudinal force on Pier = 1236.06 KN

Dead Load Due to pedestal on top of pier head:

Weight of pedestal under girder (Both sides) 0.65x0.45x.100x22 = 0.64 KN/each pedestal
For 8 Nos. = 5.148 KN

Dead Load of Pier:

Size of pier 6.885 X 15.81 X 26.75 m

1 Wt. of pier rect part 816.94 10.53 8599.14 KN

2 Wt. of pier traingle part 394.81 10.53 4155.78 KN
3 Wt. of pier traingle back part 394.81 10.53 4155.78 KN
4 Wt. of central portion 316.27 13.41 4240.57 KN
5 Wt. of front rect portion 9.9 14.91 147.59 KN
6 Wt. of front rect portion 9.9 15.21 150.56 KN
7 Wt. of front rect portion 3.96 15.81 62.60 KN
8 Wt. of back rect portion 9.9 14.91 147.59 KN
9 Wt. of back rect portion 9.9 15.21 150.56 KN
10 Wt. of back rect portion 3.96 15.81 62.60 KN
Total 21872.77 KN
Dead Load of Pier due to bouyancy:
Unit wt of water = 10 KN/m^3
Depth of Water = 19.33 m

1 Wt. of Pier rect part Under Water 258.18 10.53 2717.63 KN

2 Wt. of Pier rect part above water 168.42 10.53 1772.80 KN
3 Wt of front rect. Part under water 187.16 10.53 1970.06 KN
4 Wt. of front rect. Part above water 60.15 10.53 633.18 KN
5 Wt. of back rect. Part under water 187.16 10.53 1970.06 KN
6 Wt. of back rect. Part above water 60.15 10.53 633.18 KN
7 Wt. of central portion fdn under water 143.76 13.41 1927.53408 KN
8 Wt. of front rect portion under water 4.5 14.91 67.09 KN
9 Wt. of front rect portion under water 4.5 15.21 68.44 KN
10 Wt. of front rect portion under water 1.8 15.81 28.45 KN
11 Wt. of back rect portion under water 4.5 14.91 67.09 KN
12 Wt. of back rect portion under water 4.5 15.21 68.44 KN
13 Wt. of back rect portion under water 1.8 15.81 28.45 KN
Total 11952.39 KN

Summary of vertical loads upto pier base

Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

One span
Buoyancy
Item Normal Condition dislodged
Condition
condition
All Dead Load
(a) Due to 18.3 272.8 Not in position 272.8
(b) Due to 18.3 272.8 272.8 272.8
(c) Due to pier 21872.77 21872.77 11952.39
(d) Due to pedestal 5.148 5.148 5.148
Total 22423.5 22150.7 12503.1
Live Load Max. Min.
5824.276 0
Total Max. 28247.8 22423.5 18327.4

Calculation of horizontal forces & bending moments

1) Force @ bearing R.L 502.202 = 1236.06 KN

Due to braking force in longitudinal direction = 1236.06 KN
B.M in longidudinal direction 33376.09 KN.m

2) Longitudinal moment due to eccentricity of superstructure dead load on the pier (for one span disloged condition)

B.M 31.4 0.55 = 17.26 KN.m

3) Eccentricity moment due to live load

Eccentricity = 0.55 m (long) 2.363 m (trans)

B.M. (Long direction) = 1601.68 KN.m

B.M. (Trans Direction) = 6881.38 KN.m

4) Effect due to tempreture variation

Bearing size 650 x 450

Horizontal load at bearing due to deck movement

Thermal coefficent (cl. 2.6.2 of Br. Rule) = 0.0000117 per degree

Variation of temprature = 25.00 deg C
Temprature movement = 2.88 mm
Total movement = 2.88 mm

Bearing adopted Nos. Length(l) Width(b) Thickness(t)

4 650 450 25 mm
Friction coefficent on one set of fixed and roller bearing (Cl. 2.7.1 Br. Rule) = 0.25
Horizontal friction force = 309.02 KN
Horizontal forces due to friction resistance along longitidunal direction = 309.02 KN
Horizontal force due to deck movement along transverse = 0.00 KN

Total force = 1236.06 KN at bearing level

Force acting on Pier = 1236.06 KN

Longitudinal moment due to effect of this force at bearing level = 33064.61 KN.m

Water Current Force (Under HFL)

Water current - Transverse (Cl. No. 5.9 of IRS Sub & Fdn)
Pressure P = KAV^2
K = 35 (table 4 of IRS Sub & Fdn)
V= 3 m/s
Pressure P = 94.50
Force acting at = 492.08 RL
Moment at base due to water current = 1595.16 KN.m

Hydrodynamic forces (Cl. No. 10 IRS Seismic code)

F = CexahxWe
H/r ratio = 2.82 mm
Ce (table no. 4 of Sesmic code) = 0.55
Total depth of Pier below HFL = 23.33 m
Depth of water = 19.33 m
We p x pi x a^2 x h = 22954.80
F = 1515.02 KN
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

C1 = 0.83
C2 = 1.00
C3 = 0.76
C4 = 0.53
Total Force = 1151.41
Point of action = 12.95
Moment at Pier base = 11335.88 KN.m
Moment at foundation base = 14915.63 KN.m

Table 1 Summary of Moment in Normal Service Condition

Moment (KN.m) Horizontal Force (KN)

Effect due to
Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Braking force 33376.09 1236.06
Temp 0
Frictional force 33064.61 1236.06
Eccentricity
DL due to Supstr
DL of Pedestal
Water Current 1595.16 94.50
Live Load 1601.68 6881.38
Total 68042.37 8476.54 2472.12 94.50

Resultant Moment = 68568.33 KN.m

Table 2 Summary of Moment for one Span Disloged Condition

Moment (KN.m) Horizontal Force (KN)

Effect due to
Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Braking
Ecc of 18.3m
17.26
superstr only
Total 17.26 0.00 0.00 0.00

Resultant Moment for design = 17.26 KN.m

Seismic co-efficient Calculation

Importance factor I = 1.5

Zone factor for Zone III Z = 0.16
Response reduction Factor for Longitudinal direction R = 2.5
Response reduction Factor for Transverse direction R = 2.5

Average Response Acceleration Coeff = Sa/g ( Medium Soil, Type - II, since N is between 10
and 30 as per geotechnical report )
= 2.5 0 <= T <= 0.55
= 1.36 /T 0.55 <= T <= 3

Ah (I/R x Sa/g x Z/2) = 0.12

Av (2/3)xAh = 0.08

Lever arm
for B.M
Seismic force R.L of c.g of B.M
Sr. No. Items Load P (KN) upto
P= 0.12 seismic force (KN.m)
bottom of
Pier

Load from
1 superstructure 1238.03 148.56 503.041 27.84 4136.147
2 Pedestal 5.148 0.62 502.076 26.88 16.60
3 Pier 21872.77 2624.73 488.575 13.38 35105.79
4 Live Load 2912.14 349.46 505.83 30.63 10703.85

Total Load (without live load) = 2773.91 KN

Total Load (with live load) = 349.46 KN
Total horizontal force (fully transverse) along with live load = 3123.37 KN
Total Seismic moment (without Live load) = 39258.54 KN.m
Total Seismic moment (with Live load) = 49962.40 KN.m

Table 3 Summary of Moment with Seismic Effect

Case1 - Seismic Force Longitudinally
Moment (KN.m) Horizontal Force (KN)
Effect due to
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Effect due to
Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Normal 68042.37 8476.54 2472.12 2773.91
Hydrodynamic
acting 14915.63 1515.02
longitudinal
Seismic acting
39258.54 94.50
longitudinal
Total 122216.55 8476.54 6855.550

Resultant Moment -Seismic force longitudinal = 122510.15 KN.m

Case2 - Seismic force transversally

Moment (KN.m) Horizontal Force (KN)

Effect due to
Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Normal 68042.37 8476.54 2472.12 94.50
Seismic acting
49962.40 3123.37
transverse
Total 68042.37 58438.94 2472.120

Resultant Moment -Seismic force Transversally = 89693.22 KN.m

Wind Force

On Live Load
Basic wind speed (Appendix A cl. 6.2 of IS 875 part3) = 39.00 m/s
K1 (risk factor) (table 1 of IS 875 part3) = 1.06
k2 (terrain, height and structure size factor) (table 2 IS 875 part3) = 1.03
k3 (topography factor) (as per Cl. No. 6.4.3 of IS875 part 3) = 1.00

Design Wind speed at height Z=Vz=Kbxk1xk2xk3 = 42.58 m/s

Design Wind pressure in N/m^2 Z=pz=0.6Vz^2 = 1087.84 N/m^2

Intensity of wind force on moving live load = 1.09 KN/m^2

Exposed length of live load = 19.73 m
Horizontal wind force = 76.00 KN

Area exposed surface of Live load = 88.76 m^2

Wind force as per IRS Br. Rules Cl. No. 2.11.2 = 1.47 KN/m^2
Horizontal force = 130.48 KN
Maximum horizontal force = 130.48 KN
Ht. of action of force above bearing = 4.63 m
Ht. of action of force from bottom of foundation = 31.38 m
m
On Deck

Girder Depth = 2.428 m

Exposed area of deck = 47.89 m^2
Average height above foundation top = 26.75 m
Wind pressure at this height = 1.09 KN/m^2
Wind force on deck per span = 47 KN

Total on Superstructure `

Total wind force on loaded superstructure = 177.3 KN

Minimum force on loaded superstructure at abutment at 4.5 KN/m = 88.76 KN
Hence applicable wind force on unloaded superstructure = 177.3 KN
Height of combined c.g of the force above foundation bottom = 30.23 m

Level of action of force = 505.43 RL

Total wind force on unloaded superstructure = 46.80 KN

Min. force on unloaded superstructure = 106.14 KN
Hence applicable wind force on unloaded superstructure = 106.14 KN
Height of combined c.g of the force above foundation bottom = 27.95 m

Level of action of force = 503.16 RL

Wind force on substructure

Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Exposed area of pier = 37.10 m^2

Avg. ht. above top of foundation = 12.18 m
Wind pressure at this ht. = 0.60 KN/m^2
Wind force on substructure = 22.26 KN
Avg. ht. from bottom of foundation = 14.58 m

Moment at the bottom of foundation Total Trans Long

Loaded condition 5751.019 5751.02 0.00 KN.m
Unloaded Condition 3848.61 3848.61 0.00 KN.m

Table 4 Summary of Bending Moment For Design with Wind Effect

Wind Effect fully Transverse direction

Moment (KN.m) Horizontal Force (KN)

Effect due to
Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Loaded Cond 0.00 5751.02 177.3
Unloaded Cond 0.00 3848.61 106.14
Total 0.00 5751.02 283.42

Resultant Moment = 5751.02 KN.m

Buoyancy Force

Volume of Pier = -736.35 m^3

Weight of Water = -7363.48 KN

Summary of Forces & Moments

Description Moments Forces

Long. Trans. Long. Trans.
Normal Case 68042.37 8476.54 2472.12 94.50

Normal +
Seismic (Long) 107300.91 8476.54 3987.14 94.50

Normal +
Seismic 68042.37 58438.94 2472.12 3123.37
(Trans)
Normal+Wind
(trans) Loaded 68042.37 14227.56 2472.12 271.78

Normal+Wind
(trans) 68042.37 12325.15 2472.12 200.64
Unloaded

One Span Dislodged Case

Normal Case 17.26 0.00 0.00 0.00

Normal+Wind
(trans) Loaded
Normal+Wind 17.26 5751.02 0.00 177.28
(trans)
Unloaded 17.26 3848.61 0.00 106.14

Load Combination (As per reference calculation)

Area of Base of Pier = 109.10 m^2

Section modulus of footing area about transverse axis Zxx = 124.98 m^3
Section modulus of footing area about Longitudinal axis Zyy = 288.68 m^3

1 (DL+LL) normal condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) Moment
(KN.m)
KN (KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51
Water Current 94.50 8476.54
Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Live Load 5824.28 1236.06 34547.877
Total 28247.79 2472.12 94.50 8476.54 67612.48
Stress 258.91 67.83 234.21
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Max Pressure = 560.95

Min Pressure = -43.12
Transverse Safe
x= 0.97
92.53 560.95

Longitudinal

-43.12 425.30

x= 0.63

Area of footing under tension = 12.715 m^2

11.68 < 25 %
OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 60.89 t/m^2

Safe
2. (DL+LL+W) Normal condition

Horizontal
Trans Moment Long
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans)
(KN.m) Moment
KN
(KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51
Water Current 94.50 8476.54
Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Live Load 5824.28 1236.06 5751.019 34547.877
Wind Load 177.3
Total 28247.79 2472.12 271.78 14227.56 67612.48
Stress 109.10 113.84 234.21

Max Pressure = 606.96 KN/m^2

Min Pressure Transverse = -89.14 KN/m^2
x= 0.13 Safe
-11.27 606.96

Longitudinal

-89.14 229.47
x= 1.93

Area of footing under tension = 16.217 m^2

14.90 < 25 %
OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 65.50 t/m^2

Safe
3. (DL+W) normal condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) Moment
(KN.m)
KN (KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51
Water Current 94.50 8476.54 33064.61
Frictional force 1236.06
Wind Load 177.3 5751.019
Total 22423.51 1236.06 271.78 14227.56 33064.61
Stress 205.53 113.84 114.54
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Max Pressure = 433.91 KN/m^2

Min Pressure Transverse = -22.85 KN/m^2
x= 2.21 Safe
204.83 433.91

Longitudinal

-22.85 206.22
x= 0.69

Area of footing under tension = 22.88 m^2

21.02 < 25 %
OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 48.19 t/m^2

Safe
4 (DL+LL+Seismic (long) )condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) Moment
(KN.m)
KN (KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51
Water Current 94.50 8476.54
Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Live Load 5824.276 1236.06 34547.877
Seismic 2773.91 39258.54
Total 28247.79 5246.03 94.50 8476.54 106871.02
Stress 258.91 67.83 370.20

Max Pressure = 696.94 KN/m^2

Min Pressure Transverse = -179.11 KN/m^2
x= 0.40 Safe
-43.46 696.94

Longitudinal

-179.11 561.29
x= 1.67

Area of footing under tension = 16.36 m^2

15.03 < 25 %
OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 74.49 t/m^2

Safe
5 (DL+LL+Seismic (Trans) )condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) Moment
(KN.m)
KN (KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51
Water Current 94.50 8476.54
Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Live Load 5824.276 1236.06 34547.877
Seismic 3123.37 37735.95
Total 28247.79 2472.12 3217.87 46212.49 67612.48
Stress 258.91 369.77 234.21
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Max Pressure = 862.89 KN/m^2

Min Pressure Transverse = -345.07 KN/m^2
x= 2.16 Safe
394.47 862.89

Longitudinal

-345.07 123.35
x= 5.07

Area of footing under tension = 57.16 m^2

52.52 < 25 %

NOT OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 91.09 t/m^2

Safe
6 One Span dislodged condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) Moment
(KN.m)
KN (KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51 17.26
Water Current 94.50 8476.54
Wind (unloaded) 106.14 3848.61
Total 22423.51 106.14 94.50 12325.15 17.26
Stress 205.53 98.62 0.06

Max Pressure = 304.21 KN/m^2

Min Pressure Transverse = 106.85 KN/m^2
304.09 304.21 Safe

Longitudinal

106.85 106.97
Increased Bearing Pressure = 30.42 t/m^2
Safe

Sr. No. Loading Condition Foundation under Tension Increased Pressure (t/m^2)

Normal Condition OK Safe

1
(DL+LL) 11.68 25 60.89 200
Wind Condition OK Safe
2
(DL+LL+WL) 14.90 25 65.50 200
Wind Condition OK Safe
3 (DL+WL) 21.02 25 48.19 200
Seismic Condition OK Safe
4
(DL+LL+Seismic long) 15.03 25 74.49 200
Seismic Condition NOT OK Safe
5
(DL+LL+Seismic trans) 52.52 25 91.09 200
One span dislodged OK Safe
6
condition 0.00 25 30.42 200

Load Factors

SLS SLS SLS

c Normal
Normal Wind Seismic
Superstructure
D.L of superstructure 1 1 1 1

1.2
SIDL 1 1.2 1.2
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

F.P L.L 1 1 1 0.5

L.L 1 1.1 1.1 0.5
Wind load D.L 1 0 1 0
Wind load L.L 1 0 1 0
Seis.D.L 1 0 0 1
Seis.L.L 1 0 0 1
Substructure
Piercap 1 1 1 1
Staff refuge DL 1 1 1 1
Staff Staff
refuge SIDL
refuge 1 1.2 1.2 1.2
Pedestrian Live Load 1 1 1 0.5

SLS Condition
1 (DL+SIDL+LL) normal condition

Horizontal
Trans Moment Long
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) (KN.m)
KN Moment
(KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51
SIDL 21.06

Water Current 94.50 8476.54

Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Live Load 6406.7036 1359.666 38002.665
Total 28851.28 2595.73 94.50 8476.54 71067.27
Stress 264.44 67.83 246.18

Max Pressure = 578.45 KN/m^2

Min Pressure Transverse = -49.56 KN/m^2
x= 0.89 Safe
86.09 578.45

Longitudinal

-49.56 442.79
x= 0.69

Area of footing under tension = 12.53 m^2

11.51 < 25 %
OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 62.64 t/m^2

Safe
2. (DL+SIDL+LL+W) Normal condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans)
(KN.m) (KN.m)
KN
Dead Load 22423.51
SIDL 21.06
Water Current 94.50 8476.54
Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Live Load 6406.7036 1495.6326 5751.019 41802.931
Wind Load 177.3
Total 28851.28 2731.69 271.78 14227.56 74867.54
Stress 264.44 113.84 259.34

Max Pressure = 637.63 KN/m^2

Min Pressure = -108.74 KN/m^2
Transverse Safe
x= 1.08
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

118.94 637.63

Longitudinal

-108.74 409.94
x= 1.44

Area of footing under tension = 19.96 m^2

18.34 < 25 %
OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 68.56 t/m^2

Safe
3. (DL+SIDL+W) normal condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) Moment
(KN.m)
KN (KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51
SIDL 21.06
Water Current 94.50 8476.54
Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Wind Load 177.3 0.000
Total 22444.58 1236.06 271.78 8476.54 33064.61
Stress 205.72 67.83 114.54

Max Pressure = 388.08 KN/m^2

Min Pressure = 23.36 KN/m^2
x= 2.00 Transverse Safe
159.01 388.08

Longitudinal

23.36 252.43
x= 0.58

Area of footing under tension = 20.43 m^2

18.77 < 25 %
OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 43.61 t/m^2

Safe
4 (DL+SIDL+LL+Seismic (long) )condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) Moment
(KN.m)
KN (KN.m)
Dead Load 22423.51
SIDL 21.06
Water Current 94.50 1595.16
Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Live Load 2912.138 618.03 3440.69 17273.939

Seismic 2773.91 39258.54

Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Total 25356.72 4628.00 94.50 5035.85 89597.08

Stress 232.41 40.29 310.36

Max Pressure = 583.07 KN/m^2

Min Pressure = -118.25 KN/m^2
Transverse Safe
x= 0.42
-37.66 583.07

Longitudinal

-118.25 502.48
x= 1.31

Area of footing under tension = 13.67 m^2

12.56 < 25 %
OK

Increased Bearing Pressure = 63.11 t/m^2

Safe
5 (DL+SIDL+LL+Seismic (Trans) )condition

Horizontal Long
Trans Moment
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans) Moment
(KN.m)
KN (KN.m)

Dead Load 22423.51

SIDL 21.06
Water Current 94.50 1595.16
Frictional force 1236.06 33064.61
Live Load 2912.138 618.03 3440.69 17273.939
Seismic 3123.37 37735.95

Total 25356.72 1854.09 3217.87 42771.80 50338.54

Stress 232.41 342.24 174.37

Max Pressure = 749.02 KN/m^2

Min Pressure = -284.20 KN/m^2
Transverse Safe
x= 6.89
400.28 749.02

Longitudinal

64.55
-284.20
x= 8.91

Area of footing under tension = 124.83 m^2

114.69 < 25 %
NOT OK
Strengthening of Bridge No. 326/1 Design of Pier for Bridge No. 326/1

Increased Bearing Pressure = 79.70 t/m^2

Safe
6 One Span dislodged condition

Horizontal
Trans Moment Long
Loading Vert. force (KN) Horiz force (KN) force (Trans)
(KN.m) Moment
KN
(KN.m)
Dead Load 22405.96 17.26
SIDL 21.06

Water Current 94.50 8476.54

Wind (unloaded) 106.14 3848.61
Total 22427.03 106.14 94.50 12325.15 17.26
Stress 205.56 98.62 0.06

Max Pressure = 304.24 KN/m^2

Min Pressure = 106.88 KN/m^2
Safe

Increased Bearing Pressure = 30.42 t/m^2

Safe

Sr. No. Loading Condition Foundation under Tension (%) Increased Pressure (t/m^2)

Normal Condition OK Safe

1
(DL+LL) 11.51 25 62.64 200
Wind Condition OK Safe
2
(DL+LL+WL) 18.34 25 68.56 200
Wind Condition OK Safe
3 (DL+WL) 18.77 25 43.61 200
Seismic Condition OK Safe
4
(DL+LL+Seismic long) 12.56 25 63.11 200
Seismic Condition NOT OK Safe
5
(DL+LL+Seismic trans) 114.69 25 79.70 200
One span dislodged OK Safe
6
condition 0.00 25 30.42 200
 Comb 1

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kN-m My kN-m Mz kN-m
2 1 LOAD GEN 0 249.701 0 0 0 0
2 LOAD GEN 0 248.411 0 0 0 0
3 LOAD GEN 0 247.122 0 0 0 0
185 LOAD G 0 741.15 0 0 0 0
 Comb 2

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kN-m My kN-m Mz kN-m
2 1 LOAD GEN 0 224.761 0 0 0 0
2 LOAD GEN 0 223.602 0 0 0 0
184 LOAD G 0 703.026 0 0 0 0
 Comb 3

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kN-m My kN-m Mz kN-m rZ rad
2 1 LOAD GEN 0 249.734 0 0 0 0 0.01
183 LOAD G 0 663.451 0 0 0 0 -0.319
611 LOAD G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
612 LOAD G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 Comb 4

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kN-m My kN-m Mz kN-m
2 1 LOAD GEN 0 249.734 0 0 0 0
183 LOAD G 0 841.454 0 0 0 0
 Comb 5

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kN-m My kN-m Mz kN-m
2 1 LOAD GEN 0 224.761 0 0 0 0
183 LOAD G 0 669.993 0 0 0 0
 Double Span Comb 1

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kN-m My kN-m Mz kN-m
182 LOAD G 0 4399.335 0 0 0 0
610 LOAD G 0 4399.079 0 0 0 0
611 LOAD G 0 4399.248 0 0 0 0
3.4.18.1 Dutile detailing of Pile
Ductile detailing is done as per ER .Vol.II,Cl2.12.9 & Appendix-A,Cl 6
Geometrical properties of Pile
Diameter of Pile = #NAME? mm
Confining width of Pile #NAME? = #NAME? mm
Grade of steel fy = #NAME? Mpa
Design yield strength of reinforcement, fyd #NAME? = #NAME? Mpa
Characteristic Compressive
Design Value of concrete Strength, f ck = #NAME? Mpa
Compressive Strength, fcd #NAME? = #NAME? Mpa
Clear Cover = #NAME? mm

Length of plastic hinge

The length lo shall not be less than
a) 1.5 times the larger c/s dimensions #NAME? = #NAME? mm
b) 1/6th of clear height of the pile upto fixity = #NAME? mm
Free length of Pile = #NAME? m
Fixity length of Pile = #NAME? m
#NAME? = #NAME? mm
c) 600mm 600
Therefore length of plastic hinge = #NAME? mm
say 1900 mm #NAME?
Spacing of transverse reinforcement
a) 1/5 times the least lateral dimension of the c/s of Pile #NAME? = #NAME? mm
b) 6 times the diameter of the longitudinal bar #NAME? = #NAME? mm
c) 150mm = 150 mm
Therefore maximum spacing of transverse reinforcement = #NAME? mm

Amount of transverse reinforcement to be provided

The total area of c/s of the bar for circular hoops and cross tie shall not be less than,

𝐴𝑠𝑤=0.09∗𝑆Dk[𝐴𝑔/𝐴𝑟−1]∗𝑓𝑐𝑘/𝑓𝑦 or 𝐴𝑠𝑤=0.024∗𝑆Dk∗𝑓𝑐𝑘/𝑓𝑦

where
Dk- Diameter of the confining hoop measured to the outside of the spiral or hoops in mm.
Ac- Area of the concrete core =PI()/4*Dk^2
S- spacing of reinforcement

Diameter of the stirrup provided = Y12 mm

no of legs = 2
Diameter of the stirrup provided = Y0 mm
no of legs = 0
Diameter of the stirrup provided = mm
no of legs =
Spacing of Transverse Reinforcement, SL = 100 mm
Gross area of the concrete Ag #NAME? = #NAME? mm2
Area of the confined core concret Ac #NAME? = #NAME? mm2
Diamter of Core measured to the outside of spiralor hoops in mm
Dk = #NAME? mm
Area of transverse reinforecement
Asw #NAME? = #NAME? mm2
Asw #NAME? = #NAME? mm2
Required area of transverse area of reinforcement = #NAME? mm2
Provided area of reinforcement = 226 mm2
#NAME?
Provide ties 12 mm dia at spacing 100 C/C in top plastic hinge zone
Provide ties 12 mm dia at spacing #NAME? C/C below top plastic hinge zone
### Design of Corbel -Abutment cap at OHE mast location
Grade of concrete = 35 N/mm2
Grade of steel = 500 N/mm2
Cylindrical strength of concrete =0.8×35 = 28 N/mm2
Thickness of Approach slab = 0.35 m

Loads on dirtwall (P)

Self weight of Piercap (DL) #REF! kN/m P
OHE mast load #NAME? kN/m
DL+OHE mast #REF! kN/m 550
DL+OHE (ULS) #REF! kN/m
DL+OHE (SLS) #REF! kN/m
#REF!
Width of abutment cap = #REF! m 200
Eccentricity from centre of OHE = 725 mm 1275
to face of stem
Depth = #REF! mm
Clear cover = 50 mm
Effective depth #REF! = #REF! mm
Vu
a Hu
a = 725 mm
D = #REF! mm
d' = #REF! mm D d
b = #REF! mm
a/d' = #REF!
= #REF!
#REF!
#REF!

Ultimate Load for corbel Design

Total Force- ULS case = #REF! kN/m

Ultimate shear stress in concrete = Min of 0.75 x Sqrt(fck) or 4.75
= 4.44 N/mm2
Factored Shear Force = #REF! kN
Shear stress #REF! = #REF! N/mm2
Shear stress Shall be less than the minimum of
0.2fc'bwde = 5.60 N/mm2
= 5.5 N/mm2
#REF!
Ultimate Horizontal Force, Hu #REF! = #REF! kN
Step 1: Check for Nominal Shear Strength (Vu/bd):
Vu/bd <= 0.15fc
Vu = ultimate vertical load
fc' = 28 day standard cylinder strength of concrete = 0.8*fc
= 28 N/mm2
d = 0.8 times of effective depth = 0.8*(d')
= #REF!
= #REF! mm
Vu/bd = #REF!
= #REF! N/mm2
Nominal Shear Stress
0.15*fc' = 0.15×28 = 4.2 N/mm2 #REF!

Step 2: Check for Avf

Calculation of shear friction reinforcement Avf
Avf = Vu/(0.85fsym)
fsy = Yield stress
= 415 N/mm2
m = 1.4 (Concrete placed monolithically across interface)
Avf = #REF!
= #REF! mm2

Step 3: Check for At

Calculation of direct tension reinforcement At
At = Hu/(0.85fsy)
= #REF!
= #REF! mm2

Step 4: Check for Af

Calculation of flexural - tension reinforcement Af
Af = {Vua+Hu(h-d')}/(0.85fsyd)
= #REF!
= #REF! mm2

Step 5: Check for As

Calculation of total primary reinforcement requirement As
As = Af+At = #REF!
= #REF! mm2

= 2/3Avf+At = #REF!
= #REF! mm2

Hence As required = #REF! mm2

Provide Top Layer #NAME? Nos of 20 mm (Bent in Elevation)
As Provided = #NAME? mm2 #NAME?
Hence provide #NAME?
Step 6: Check for Ah
Calculation of total area of ties (horizontal shear reinforcement) Ah
Ah = 0.5Af = #REF!
= #REF! mm2
= 0.333Avf = #REF!
= #REF! mm2
Hence Ah required = #REF! mm2
This reinforcement shall be provided within a depth of 2/3d' below As i.e., = #REF!
Layer no of legs dia Area
1nd Layer 5 Y- 12 565 Provided at 200mm below top face
2nd Layer 5 #NAME? #NAME?
Ah provided = #NAME? mm2
#NAME?

Step 7: Calculation of total area of shear reinforcement Av

Av/sv = 0.5(Vu-Vc)/fsyd
sv = pitch #REF! assumed
Vc = Shear capacity of the section without shear reinforcement
100As/bd = #NAME? %
tc = #NAME? N/mm2 (Permissible Shear Stress)
#REF! #REF! #NAME?
#NAME?

SLS - Check for crack width and stresses

Crackwidth is limited to main reinforcement = 0.25 (Moderate)
Design surface crack width,
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where, εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
but not greater than e1 εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- x )

Maximum Moment #REF! = #REF! kNm

Moment due to Dead load, Mg #REF! = #REF! kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq #NAME? = #NAME? kNm

Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2

Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = Y-20 mm
Spacing of bars = #REF! mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 60 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = #REF! mm
Depth of section, D = #REF! mm
Effective depth, d = #REF! mm
Service Bending Moment = #REF! kNm
Area of steel in tension = #NAME? mm2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Refer 5.2.6,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 14
Modular Ratio for short term loading (LL), m 280 / fck = 8
Modular Ratio for long term loading (DL), m = 16
Weighted average modular ratio #REF! = #REF!
where, x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100
ρ #NAME? = #REF!
ρm #REF! = #REF!
k = #REF!
x = #REF!
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
#REF! = #REF! mm4

Horizontal force #REF! = #REF! kN

Stree due to Horizontal force #REF! fst2 = #REF! N/mm2
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst1 due to flexure = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = #REF! N/mm2
fst = fst1+ fst2 = #REF! #REF! 375.00 #REF!
fc = M x / Icr = #REF! #REF! 17.50 #REF!
acr = #REF! mm
ε1 #REF! = #REF!
εs #REF! = #REF!
εm

#REF! = #REF!

εm = #REF!

Wcr
#REF! = #REF! mm
#REF!
 ANNEXURE- B

FOR ABUTMENT A1
Dutile detailing of Abutment wall at bottom
Checked as per Section 17 of IRC 112 - 2011
Geometrical properties of abutment
Width of the abutment wall along traffic = #REF! mm
Length of abutment wall across the traffic = 1000 mm
Grade of
Design steel
yield fy
strength of = 2 Mpa
reinforcement, f
Characteristic Compressive
yd = 1.33 Mpa
Strength, fck of concrete
Design Value = 137 Mpa
Compressive Strength, fcd = 61.19 Mpa
Clear Cover = 2 mm

Confining Reinforcement for abutment

Special confining reinforcement will be provided over a length lo where flexural yielding occur.
NED at base of pier = #NAME? kN
Area of abutment = #REF! m2
ηk = NED/(Ac*fck)
= #NAME?
= #NAME? #NAME? 0.08
#NAME?
(As per clause 17.2.1.1, ductile detailing is required to be provided if nk > 0.08. Also
refer clause C15.2.1 of explanatory hand book of IRC112

Dutile detailing of Abutment wall at top

Checked as per Section 17 of IRC 112 - 2011
Geometrical properties of abutment
Width of the abutment wall along traffic = 240000 mm
Length of abutment wall across the traffic = 1000 mm
Grade of
Design steel
yield fy
strength of = 2 Mpa
reinforcement, fyd
Characteristic Compressive = 1.33 Mpa
Strength, f
Design Value of concrete
ck = 137 Mpa
Compressive Strength, fcd = 61.19 Mpa
Clear Cover = 2 mm

Confining Reinforcement for abutment

Special confining reinforcement will be provided over a length lo where flexural yielding occur.
NED at base of pier = #NAME? kN
Area of abutment = 240.00 m2 =(240000/1000×1+240000/1000×1)/2
ηk = NED/(Ac*fck)
= #NAME?
= #NAME? #NAME? 0.08
#NAME?
 ANNEXURE I :FOR DUCTILE CHECK AT BOTTOM FOR ABUTMENT

Possibility of plastic hinge formation is checked at top of pile cap location and hence the check is presented for the same.
1.0 Moments and shear for ductile check including checking the possibility of plastic hinge formation at Bottom

Seismic force

Plastic Hinge Location

Based on the seismic forces at bottom of abutment, possibility of plastic hinge formation and design forces for confining reinforcement are
calculated as explained below.
Step wise explanation
1 Columns "C" to "E" shows the ULS seismic combination forces obtained at bottom of abutment
2 Ultimate moment capacity of the section in the lateral direction is calculated in column " G". For this ADSEC software is used.
3 Moment in the longitudinal direction vide column 'E" is added with 2 times seismic moments ( it is multiplied by 2 for a R value of 1) and shown in cloumn
F. If the same is less than the moment capacity vide column"G", then there no possibility of plastic hinge formation. The same is checked in column "H". It
is observed that for some combinations, plastic hinge is formed and hence ductile detailing of stem to be carried out

5 Further, the design shear force at the critical section shall be the lower of the following:
6 The design of plastic hinge is explained below.
a) Maximum elastic shear force at the critical section duly considering R value as 1.the same is calculated in col "I"
b) Max shear force that develops when plastic moment hinges are formed in the substructure so as to form a collapse in which plastic moment capacity shall be the over
strength plastic moment capacity. This is calculated in col "J". This obtained by overstrength moment capacity(palstic moment capacity which is 1.3 times Ultimate
moment capacity) divided by height of the stem from top of pile cap to to top of bearings.

7 Minimum of the above two is considered for shear design of stem and its zone is 1.5 times the thickness of the stem. Above that nominal shear reinforcement is provided.
Table: 1
A B C D E F G H I J K

Lowest shear
whether value( col "I"
plastic or "J" ) of
Mu( from hinge will Shear 2 plastic hinge
ML ML+2xML( Adsec form or Shear 1 (1.3Mux'/ formation case
Sno Description P (kN) HL (kN) (kN) EQ) software) not HL+2*Heq h) kN

1 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 56060 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

2 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 54820 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

3 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 56480 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

4 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 55670 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

5 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 54030 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

6 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 55560 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

7 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 57510 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

8 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 55810 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

9 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 57510 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

10 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 54660 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

11 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 53020 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

12 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 54660 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

13 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 52740 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

14 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 51820 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

15 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 53790 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

16 #NAME? #NAME? ### ### #NAME? 50810 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Maximum shear force = #NAME?
Ductile detailing of abutment
Check for Shear above plastic zone formation:
Shear force at section considered #NAME? = #NAME? kN
Effective depth at section considered = #NAME? mm
Shear stress , v #NAME? = #NAME? N/mm2
Maximum shear stress , vmax = Min (0.75√fck,4.75) = #NAME? N/mm2
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) Max ((500/d)^(1/4),0.7) = #NAME?
 Ultimate shear stress of concrete alone, vc
#NAME? N/mm
2
(0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 =
svc = #NAME? N/mm2
#NAME?

If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation

Diameter of the link provided = 12 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450mm = #NAME? mm
Spacing of rods provided = 280 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
#NAME? = #NAME? mm2

3.4.18.1 Special Confining reinforcement

Geometrical properties of abutment
width of abutment = #NAME? mm
depth of abutment = 18000000 mm
Confining width of abutment =18000000-2×50 = #NAME? mm
Grade of steel fy = 500 Mpa
Design yield strength of reinforcement, fyd =500/1.15 = 434.78 Mpa
Characteristic Compressive Strength, fck = 35 Mpa
Design Value of concrete Compressive Strength, fcd =0.67×35/1.5 = 15.63 Mpa
Clear Cover = 50 mm

Length of plastic hinge

The length lo shall not be less than
a) 1.5 times the larger c/s dimensions =1.5×18000000 = 27000000 mm
b) 1/4th of clear height of the abutment = #REF! mm
c) 600mm = 600
Therefore length of plastic hinge = #REF! mm
say 4200 mm #REF!
Spacing of transverse reinforcement
a) 1/5 times the least lateral dimension of the c/s of column = =1/5×(18000000)
= 3600000 mm
b) 6 times the diameter of longitudinal bar = #NAME? mm
b) 150mm = 150 mm
Therefore maximum spacing of transverse reinforcement = #NAME? mm

Amount of transverse reinforcement to be provided

The total area of c/s of the bar for circular hoops and cross tie shall not be less than,

𝐴𝑠𝑤=0.096∗𝑆 h 𝑓𝑐𝑘/𝑓𝑦 or 𝐴𝑠𝑤=0.24 𝑆 h [𝐴𝑔/𝐴c−1] 𝑓𝑐𝑘/𝑓𝑦

where
Dk- Diameter of the confining hoop measured to the outside of the spiral or hoops in mm.
Ac- Area of the concrete core
S- spacing of reinforcement
Diameter of the stirrup provided = Y12 mm
No of legs = 10 Nos.
Provided spacing of Transverse Reinforcement, SL Vertically = 140 mm #NAME?
horizontally = 100 mm
As per RDSO guidelines, clause C-6.4, pg. No: 57
The parallel legs of rectangular stirrups shall not be spaced more than
a) 1/3 of the smallest dimension of the concrete core = 5999967 mm
b) 300mm centre to centre. = 300 mm
Provided spacing between parallel legs = 100 mm OK
Gross area of the concrete Ag =1000×18000000 = ### mm2
Area of the confined core concrete Ac =1000×(18000000-2×50) = ### mm2
Dimension of Core in mm
Dk = 1000 mm
Area of transverse reinforecement
Asw =0.096×140×1000×(35/500) = 941 mm2
Asw =0.24×140×1000×((18000000000/17999900000)-1)×(35/500) = 0 mm2
Required area of transverse area of reinforcement = #NAME? mm2
Provided area of reinforcement = 1131 mm2
#NAME?

𝐴𝑠𝑤
𝑠𝑤=0.096∗𝑆ℎ∗𝑓
=0.24∗𝑆ℎ[𝐴𝑔/𝑐𝑘/
𝐴𝑟𝑓−1]∗𝑓
𝑦 𝑐𝑘/𝑓𝑦