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Our Dear Students,

Welcome to University of Rizal System as you continue your
study as pre-service teachers. This module is intentionally designed for
you to learn the Teacher and the School Curriculum balances theory and
practice . The smiley icons will guide you explore the module which start
with a challenge and end with an assessment.

It also provides different online and offline activities that are close to
everyday experiences of teachers and learners for you to enjoy and
understand every lesson.

Let’s get Started with your journey in ED 9 (The Teacher and

the School Curriculum !)

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 Are you excited to learn?
Let me first familiarize you with my SMILEY ICONS

TAKE THE INTRODUCTION

CHALLENGE!
I have a brief
I have the intended background of the
learning
\ outcomes you module .
have to attain.

REFLECTION
ENGAGE
I have questions for
I have the important
reflections to
ideas and concepts ,
strengthen your
read me carefully do
understanding of the
not just scan nor skip
topics
my parts

APPLY ASSES

I have the activities to I have formative and

assess how well you summative assessment
understand the topics read me carefully and
do your best.

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 MODULE 1
THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

TAKE THE CHALLENGE!

In this Module , challenge yourself to attain the
following learning outcomes.
1. define the major conceptions of curriculum;
2. describe curriculum from the different perspective
3. analyze the nature of the curriculum.
4. conduct online survey ,interprets and share the findings
5. Enhance understanding of the role of the teacher as
as curricularists in the classroom and school

INTRODUCTION
The concept of curriculum is as dynamic as the changes
that occur in society. We cannot deny the fact that the curriculum
should be clarified by teachers, and other stakeholders.
Curriculum affects all teachers, students, parents , politicians ,
businessmen, professionals , government officials or even
common people. As pre- service teacher you have to be familiar with
the nature and concepts of curriculum . Let us find out.

ENGAGE
THE CONCEPT OF CURRICULUM
Curriculum, however, can be defined as prescriptive,
descriptive, or both. Prescriptive [curriculum] definitions
provide us with what “ought” to happen, and they more often than
not take the form of a plan, an intended program, or some kind
of expert opinion about what needs to take place in the course of
study.

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 PRESCRIPTIVE CURRICULUM DEFINITIONS

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 The descriptive definitions of curriculum thought about the curriculum
“not merely in terms of how things ought to be . . . but how things are in real
classrooms” . Another term that could be used to define the descriptive curriculum is
experience. The experienced curriculum provides “glimpses” of the curriculum in
action. The definitions provided for prescriptive and descriptive curricula vary primarily
in their breadth and emphasis. It would seem that a useful definition of curriculum
should meet two criteria: It should reflect the general understanding of the term
as used by educators, and it should be useful to educators in making operational
distinctions.
DESCRIPTIVE CURRICULUM DEFINITIONS

The curriculum is the plans made for guiding learning in the schools, usually
represented in retrievable documents of several levels of generality, and the
actualization of those plans in the classroom, as experienced by the learners and as
recorded by an observer; those experiences take place in a learning environment that
also influences what is learned. (https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-
binaries/44334_1.pd)

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 THE TEACHER AS THE CURRICULARISTS
Curricularist - a professional who is curriculum specialist ( Hayes, 1991)
- A person who is involved in curriculum who involved in curriculum,
knowing, writing, planning , implementing, innovating , and initiating .
Are you aware that the teacher’s role is very complex?
• Teachers do a series of interrelated actions about curriculum, instruction,
assessment, evaluation, teaching and learning
. • A teacher is involved with curriculum continuously all day.
• But very seldom has a teacher been described as curriculum continuously all day.
Curricularists in the past
• Those who developed curriculum theories.
• The most influential curricularists (Hayes, 1991)
• John Dewey
• Hilda Taba
• Franklin Bobbit
• Ralph Tyler
What does a TEACHER do to observe the label of curricularist? Let us describe
the teacher as the curricularist.
The classroom is the first place of curricular engagement. The first school
experience sets the tone to understand the meaning of schooling through the
interactions of learners and teachers that will lead to learning. Hence, curriculum is the
heart of schooling
Describing Teacher as Curricularist

1. KNOWER (Knows the curriculum Learning begins with knowing). The

teacher as a learner starts with knowing about the curriculum, the subject
matter or the content. As a teacher, one has to master what are included in the
curriculum. It is the acquiring academic knowledge about formal (disciplines,
logic) or informal (derived from experiences). It is mastery of the subject matter.

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 2. WRITER . ( Writes the Curriculum ). A classroom teacher takes record of
knowledge concepts, subject matter or content. These need to be written or
preserved. The teacher writes books, modules, laboratory manuals,
instructional guides, and reference materials in paper or electronic media.

3. PLANNER .( Plans the Curriculum . )A good curriculum has to be planned. It

is the role of the teacher to make a yearly, monthly or daily plan of the
curriculum. • The teacher takes into consideration several factors in planning a
curriculum. These are: learners, support material, time, subject matter or
content, desired outcomes , context of the learners among others.

4. INITIATOR. (Initiates the Curriculum ). In cases where the curriculum is

recommended to the schools from DepEd, CHED, TESDA, UNESCO, UNICEF
or other educational agencies for improvement of quality education, the teacher
is obliged to implement. • Implementation of a new curriculum requires the open
mindedness of the teacher, and the full belief that the curriculum will enhance
learning.

5. INNOVATOR. (Innovates the Curriculum .) Creativity and innovation are

hallmarks of an excellent teacher. A curriculum is always dynamic, hence keeps
on changing. From the content strategies, ways of holding, blocks of time, ways
of evaluating, kinds of students and skills of teachers, one cannot find a single
eternal curriculum that would perpetually fit.

6. IMPLEMENTOR ( Implements the Curriculum .) The curriculum that remains

recommended or written will never serve its purpose. Somebody has to
implement it. • Heart of schooling is the curriculum. • It is this role where the
teacher becomes the implementor of the curriculum. • She is at the height of an
engagement with the learners , with support materials in order to achieve the
desired outcome. It is where teaching, guiding and facilitating skills of the
teacher is expected to be the highest level.

7. EVALUATOR. ( Evaluates the Curriculum). How can one determine if the desired
learning outcomes have been achieved? • Is the curriculum working? Does it bring the
desired results? Are the learners achieving? Are there some practices that should be
modified , terminated or continued? These are some few questions that need a help of
a curriculum evaluator.

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 REFLECTION:
1.Pick up a daily newspaper and read today’s headline. Choose
one and reflect on this headline that relates to curriculum and to
your becoming a curricularist. Write your answer in at least two
paragraphs.

APPLY
Let’s Do a Simple Survey
Have you done a survey before ? In this activity you will
gather information direct form teachers to find out what
curriculum activities they are involved in. Here are the steps:

Step 1. Look for 5 teachers coming from one or different schools and are currently
teaching either in the private or public schools.
Step 2. Choose one of the different modes on how you can conduct the survey that
is most convenient to you .
A. With the use of the Teacher Survey Form Tool below conduct the
survey online considering your safety using :
A.1 google form
A.2 or any means of administering and retrieving the survey tool.
Step 3. Document the conduct of the survey with pictures . make sure that you have
the consent of the interviewees.

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 The Teacher as a Curricularist Survey Tool
Name of Teacher:_______________________________________
School :______________________________ Grade Level Assignment:________
No. of years in teaching:________________ Degree graduated :_____________

Check YES or NO box that will correspond to your assessment .

As a school teacher :
YES NO
1. I master the subject matter that I have to teach

2. I implemented what I have planned for my teaching.

3. I monitor and assess if my students are learning

4. I modify my activity to suit my learners in my classroom

5. I lead in the implementation of the new curriculum in

my school
6. I write instructional materials based on the
recommended school curriculum.
7. I look for other ways of doing to improve teaching and
learning in my classroom.
8. I participate in the community activities as a good
citizen
9. I disregard the needs of my learners and focus only in
my lesson
10. I teach my plan for the students to learn

Step 4. Consolidate and analyze the data , ranked the items which the teacher
respondents answered yes. Which activity do they do most? What activity do they do
least of the time ?

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 ASSES ( SAQ )
Answer the following questions in your own understanding .
1. Why is it necessary for teachers to learn about school
curriculum? Why?
2. Why is it that teachers are also known as curricularists?
3. Describe how Ralph Tyler defines curriculum , give examples of
teaching and learning activities that will explain Tyler’s view about
curriculum .

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)

 REFERENCES

BOOKS
Ornstein (2016). Curriculum: foundations, principles, and issues with enhanced Pearson e-
text access. Pearson Education
Bilbao P., Daygbil F., and Corpuz B., The Teacher and the School Curriculum

ONLINE SOURCES
The Nature of Curriculum . https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-
binaries/44334_1.pdf

The Teacher and the School Curriculum MBBERDAN ( MODULE 1)