BASIC SPEAKING PRACTICE

UNIT 41 - 60
Unit 41. Are you into + (noun)

Are you into is used when you are asking a question about an
interest they might have or something they might enjoy doing.
“Are you into”는 상대가 어떤 일에 흥미를 가지고 있는지 혹은 그 일(행동)을 즐기는 지를 물어
볼 때 사용하는 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up

 fix to restore to proper condition or working order; repair

 work out to take part in physical exercise, as in training
 gym a gymnasium; a building or part of a building with
facilities for exercise, bodybuilding, or other kinds of
physical training
 tasting an event at which people can sample food or drink

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank

 fix 고치다  gym 체육관, 헬스클럽

 work out (건강, 몸매관리) 운동하다  tasting 시음

 How to…

noun
Are you into gerund ?
명사, 동명사

※ be into something/someone
해석 : ~에 관심이 많다, ~을 좋아한다

※ I am / You are / She(He) is / We are / They are into …

 Practice with example sentences.

 Are you into playing games?

 Are you into jogging?
 Are you into painting?
 Are you into traveling?
 Are you into fixing cars?
 Are you into trying new things?
 Are you into working out at home or at the gym?
 Are you into soccer?
 Are you into scary movies?
 Are you into wine tasting?
 Complete sentences with the given words.

play soccer play the piano

work out at home scary movies
drink wine traveling abroad
learn new languages watch TV
try new things read books

Are you into … ?

ESL Lesson 41 New Roommate

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : I need to introduce you to my new

roommate.
B : What is her name?
A : Maria. She's from Spain.
B : What is she doing here?
A : She's a foreign exchange student.
B : That's cool!
A : She's really nice. She has taught me some ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
Spanish words.
 I need to introduce you to …
B : I'm learning Spanish right now.
 She has taught me some …
A : You should try speaking Spanish to her.
B : I'll try. Hopefully, she won't laugh at me.  You should try ~ing …
 She won't laugh at …
Unit 42. How was + (noun)

By using the words how was you are asking someone a question
about something that happened or something they did in the past.
“How was/were”는 상대에게 과거에 일어난 일 혹은 과거에 상대가 했던 무언가가 어떠했는지
에 대해 물어볼 때 사용하는 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up

 ride a journey or excursion on a horse, camel, etc., or on

or in a vehicle
 appointment an arrangement to meet a person or be at a place at
a certain time; engagement
 act to do something; carry out an action
 happen to take place; come to pass; occur
 holiday a period in which a break is taken from work or
studies for rest, travel, or recreation; vacation

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank

 ride (교통수단) 타기  happen 벌어지다, 발생하다

 appointment 약속  holiday 휴가
 act 행동하다

 How to…

How was/were noun ?

명사

※ You can use how with be to ask whether someone likes

or enjoys something or not. (asking about impressions)
How와 be동사를 결합하여 어떤 것에 대한 상대방의 감상이나 느낌(좋았는
지 아닌지)을 물을 수 있습니다. (인상/감상 묻기)
※ How was/were ~?
해석 : ~은 어땠나요?
 Practice with example sentences.

 How was your meeting?

 How was the birthday party?
 How was lunch?
 How was the airplane ride?
 How was vacation?
 How was your doctor's appointment?
 How were roads when you drove home?
 How were people acting after what happened?
 How were holidays with the family?
 How were your parents?
 Complete sentences with the given words.

your party your vacation

your children your friend
the people there the restaurant
the new school the airplane ride
roads when you drove home last night

How was(were) … ?
ESL Lesson 42 Coffee and Donuts

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : The coffee shop is busy today.

B : They are having a special. If you order a
donut, you get a cup of coffee for free.
A : Wow! I love donuts and coffee.
B : Me too. How do you drink your coffee?
A : I like to add cream and sugar.
B : I like black coffee.
A : The line is long. There are a lot of people ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
here.
 If you order …
B : I hope they don't run out of coffee.
 You get a cup of coffee for free.
A : I hope they don't run out of donuts.
B : That would be worse.  How do you drink …
 I hope they don’t run out of …
Unit 43. How about + (verb-ing)

By using the words how about you can someone their opinion on
something or if they would like to do something.
“How about”은 상대에게 어떤 것에 대해 어떤 의견을 가지고 있는지 또는 상대가 그 것을 하
고자 하는 의사가 있는지를 물어볼 때 쓰는 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 hang out to spend time in a certain location or with certain people
 consider to think carefully about, esp. in order to make a decision;
contemplate; ponder
 feed to give food to; supply with nourishment
 fold to make compact by doubling or bending over parts
 laundry articles of clothing, linens, etc., that have been or are to be
washed
 describe to tell or depict in words; give an account of
 compare to examine in order to observe resemblances or differences
 price the cost at which anything is obtained
 follow to go or come after in the same direction
 explore to investigate systematically; to look into closely; investigate

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 hang out 어울려 놓다, 시간을 보내다  describe 묘사하다
 consider 고려하다  compare 비교하다
 feed 먹이를 주다  price 가격
 fold 접다  follow 따르다, 따라가다
 laundry 세탁물  explore 탐구하다, 탐험하다

 How to…

noun
How about gerund ?
명사, 동명사

※ How about … ? 해석 : ~은 어떤가요?

: what do you think or feel regarding?
what is your response to?
어떤 것에 대한 의견과 생각을 묻거나 제안을 할 때 사용하는 표현입니다.
 Practice with example sentences.

 How about singing?

 How about hanging out tonight?
 How about considering it?
 How about feeding the dogs?
 How about folding the laundry for me?
 How about helping us out?
 How about describing to me what happened?
 How about comparing prices before we buy it?
 How about following me to their house?
 How about exploring new ideas?
 Complete sentences with the given words.

sing with me play the guitar

watch a scary movie feed our dogs
buy some food come to my place
ask her out follow me
hang out tonight explore new ideas

How about … ?
ESL Lesson 43 Do you Remember?

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: Do you remember our 10th birthday?

B: Yes! We got a puppy that year.
A: I miss that puppy.
B: Me too. He had a great name.
A: Actually, I don't remember his name.
B: How could you forget his name? His name
was Buster.
A: Oh yeah. It was a sad day when Buster died. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B: I never wanted another dog after that.
 Do you remember … ?
A: How old was Buster when he died?
 How could you forget … ?
B: You don't remember anything. He was 14
years old.  It was a sad day when …
 You don't remember anything.
Unit 44. Let's not + (verb)

The word let's is formed from the words let us. Let's not can be
used when you are requesting that something not take place at
this moment or that what is happening needs to be contained or
lessened.
“let's”는 “let us”의 축약형입니다. “Let's not”은 앞으로 어떤 일을 하지 말자고 하거나 혹은 현
재 벌어지고 있는 일을 제한하거나 자제하자는 의미를 가진 부정 청유(권유)문입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 discuss to have a conversation about; consider by talking over; debate
 excited emotionally aroused, esp. to pleasure or agitation
 worry to be or cause to be anxious or uneasy, esp. about something
uncertain or potentially dangerous
 stay to continue or remain in a certain place, position, etc.
 anywhere in, at, or to any place
 remain to continue to be as specified; continue in the same state
 mad (often followed by at) angry; resentful
 each other used as the object when an action takes place between two (loosely,
more than two) people etc.
 meddle to involve oneself in a matter without right or invitation; interfere
 interrupt to cause or make a break in the continuity or uniformity of a course,
process, condition, etc.

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 discuss 토론하다, 논의하다  remain 남다, 계속 ~이다
 excited 신이 난, 흥분한  mad 몹시 화가 난
 worry 걱정하다  each other 서로
 stay 머물다  meddle 간섭하다, 참견하다
 anywhere 어디든, 아무데나  interrupt 방해하다, 중단시키다

 How to…

Let's not infinitive

동사원형

※ Let's not … 해석 : ~하지 말자 (청유문 부정형)

※ Let's … 해석 : ~하자 (청유문)
 Practice with example sentences.

 Let's discuss this now.

 Let's help her.
 Let's get that for him.  Let's not get too excited.
 Let's not worry too much.
 Let's not stay here too long.
 Let's not stop anywhere on the way.
 Let's not remain mad at each other.
 Let's not meddle in other people's business.
 Let's not interrupt them when they are talking.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

call her now get some food

go to the library worry too much
get too excited study together
meddle in other people's business
finish our work before leaving to America.

Let's / Let's not ...

ESL Lesson 44 Meeting an old Friend

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: I had lunch with Sue today.

B: Your ex-girlfriend?
A: Yes. We bumped into each other at the store.
B: She's back in town?
Yeah. She moved back last month.
A: Are you going to see her again?
B: I'm single now, so I asked her on a date.
A: What did she say? ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B: Yes! We have more catching up to do.
 We bumped into each other at …
A: Ask Sue if she keeps in touch with Karen, my
 I asked her on a date.
ex-girlfriend.
 We have more catching up to do.
 Ask if she keeps in touch with …
Unit 45. It looks like + (noun)

It looks like can be used when you describe how something

appears to by the way it looks. You can also use it looks like to
describe something that might be happening now or in the future.
“It looks like”는 어떤 사물 혹은 일이 어떻게 보이는가를 묘사할 때 사용하는 표현입니다. 또한
현재 벌어지고 있는 것 같은 혹은 가까운 미래에 벌어질 것 같은 일에 대해 추측/예측할 때에
도 사용할 수 있습니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 balloon an inflatable rubber bag of various sizes, shapes, and
colors: usually used as a toy or a plaything or party
decoration
 jellyfish large siphonophore having a bladder-like float and
stinging tentacles
 pear the fruit of any of these trees, having gritty, juicy flesh
and usually a shape that is spherical at the base and
tapering toward the stalk
 wave to move the hand to and fro as a greeting
 race to engage in a contest of speed with (another)

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 balloon 풍선  wave 손을 흔들다
 jellyfish 해파리  race 경주하다
 pear 배(과일)

 How to…

noun
It looks like 명사

※ Look can also be used to mean 'seem' or 'appear'.

‘seem’ 혹은 ‘appear’ 과 같은 의미로 사용된 ‘look’입니다.
※ S + look/looks like + noun(명사) 해석 : ~처럼 보인다.
※ S + look/looks + adjective(형용사) 해석 : ~하게 보인다.
 Practice with example sentences.

 It looks like a balloon.

 It looks like a jellyfish.
 It looks like a pear.
 It looks like it's going to be a long day.
 It looks like it's going to rain.
 It looks like it's going to be fun.
 It looks like they are leaving.
 It looks like he is waving to us.
 It looks like she is lost.
 It looks like they are racing.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

a jellyfish an airplane
an apple his wallet
be going to rain be going to be fun
she is lost they are leaving
he is sleepy they are bored

It looks like ...

ESL Lesson 45 Broken Computer

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: Something is wrong with my computer.

B: What is wrong with it?
A: It will not turn on.
B: I will take a look at it.
A: How much is the repair cost?
B: It depends on what needs to be repaired.
A: Is there a charge to see what repairs are
needed? ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B : No. There is no charge to find out what is  Something is wrong with …
wrong. We only charge for repairs.  I 'll take a look at …
A : Ok. How long will it take?  How much is … ?
B : Please come back in two hours.  It depends on …
 We only charge for …
 How long will it take?
Unit 46. It's time to + (verb)

It's time to can be used when You are letting someone know that
something is required to be done at the present time.
“It's time to ”는 현재 시점에서 시행되어야 할 일에 대해 알릴 때 사용하는 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 raise an increase, esp. in salary, wages, etc.
 collect to gather together or be gathered together
 cheer for to give a shout of encouragement for someone or
something
 clock an instrument, normally larger than a watch, for
measuring and recording time, usu. with hands or
changing numbers to indicate the hour and minute
 fill (sb.) in to provide with information that is essential or newly
acquired

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 raise (임금, 요금 등) 인상  clock 시계
 collect 모으다, 수집하다  fill … in …에게 지금까지의 일을
 cheer for ~를 응원하다 들려주다, 알려주다

 How to…

It's time to infinitive

동사원형

※ It is (it's) time to infinitive

It is (it's) time (that) + subject + past verb
해석 : ~할 시간이다, ~할 때이다
e.g. It's time to start packing. We have to leave in two hours.
It's time we started packing. We have to leave in two hours.
(우리) 짐을 쌀 시간이다. 2시간 후에 떠나야 한다.
 Practice with example sentences.

 It's time to ask for a raise.

 It's time to collect our money.
 It's time to cheer for our team.
 It's time to change the clocks.
 It is time to decide what to do.
 It is time to enjoy ourselves.
 It is time to fill me in on what's going on.
 It is time to help out.
 It is time to join a gym.
 It's time to say goodbye.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

go to bed join a gym

ask for a raise fill me in
collect my money go to school
decide what to do finish the paper
hand the report in say goodbye

It is time to ...
ESL Lesson 46 Getting Delivery

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: What should we have for dinner?

B: Let's order something for delivery.
A: That's a great idea!
B: There are a lot of choices around our
neighborhood.
A: What are the choices?
B: We can order pizza, Chinese food, Indian
food, sandwiches, or something else. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
A: What sounds good to you?
 What should we …
B: I can eat anything. I am very hungry now.
 Let's order … for delivery.
A: How about Chinese food? We can eat the
leftovers tomorrow night.  What sounds good to you?
 We can eat the leftovers.
Unit 47. How often do you

When asking a question starting with How often you are inquiring
how often or how frequent someone does a particular thing.
“How often ”으로 시작하는 의문문은, 상대에게 어떤 행동을 하는 빈도수(횟수)를 물어볼 때
사용합니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 dentist a person who cares for diseases etc of the teeth, by
filling or removing them etc.
 receive to take or acquire something given or offered; get or be
given
 magazine a periodical paperback publication containing articles,
fiction, photographs, etc.
 supervisor a person who supervises workers or the work done by
others; superintendent
 password a secret word or expression used by authorized persons
to gain access, information, etc.

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 dentist 치과의사  supervisor 관리자, 감독관
 receive 받다  password 비밀번호
 magazine 잡지

 How to…

How often do you infinitive ?

동사원형

※ how from "How often"

: to what extent, amount, or degree
※ How often do you ~?
해석 : 얼마나 자주 ~을 하나요?
 Practice with example sentences.

 How often do you listen to music?

 How often do you need to go to the dentist?
 How often do you receive your magazine in the mail?
 How often do you report to your supervisor?
 How often do you work out at the gym?
 How often do you help out at school?
 How often do you talk to your parents?
 How often do you change your password?
 How often do you travel?
 How often do you exercise?
 Complete sentences with the given words.

go to the dentist travel abroad

visit your parents drink coffee
work out in the gym eat fruits
change your password read a book
go shopping listen to music

How often do you ... ?

ESL Lesson 47 Medical Emergency

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: I need to see Dr. Johnson right away.
B: What is wrong?
A: I think I broke my arm.
B: Can you move it?
A: No. It hurts if I try to move it.
B: You need to go to the emergency room.
A: The emergency room is too expensive. I do
not have medical insurance.
◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B : Do you have someone who can bring you
 I think I broke my arm.
here?
 It hurts if I try to move it.
A : Yes, my friend is going to drive.
 … is too expensive.
B : OK. Dr. Johnson will take a look at your arm.  I do not have medical insurance.
Please come as soon as possible.  My friend is going to drive.
 Come as soon as possible.
Unit 48. Do you want me to + (verb)

To want is to feel or have a desire for. When saying Do you want me

to you're asking someone if there is anything you can do for them
or assist them with.
“want ”는 ‘하고 싶다’ 혹은 ‘원하다’의 의미를 가진 표현입니다. “Do you want me to”는 상대방
이 무엇인가를 할 때 당신의 도움이 필요한지, 어떤 일을 돕기를 바라는지 의사를 확인할 때
사용합니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up

 pick up to let someone into a car, train etc. in order to take

her or him somewhere
 flat tire a deflated pneumatic tire
 remind to cause a person to remember; cause a person to
think of someone or something
 remove to take off or shed (an article of clothing)
 water to pour or sprinkle water on; make wet
 harder with more strenuous effort; more intently

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 pick up ~을 태우러 가다  remove 벗다
 flat tire 바람 빠진 타이어  water 물을 주다
 remind 상기시키다, 다시 알려주다  harder 더 열심히

 How to…

Do you want me to infinitive ?

동사원형

※ Do you want to infinitive ?

해석 : 당신은 ~하기를 원하나요?/~하고 싶나요?
※ Do you want somebody to infinitive ?
해석 : 당신은 OO가 ~하기를 원하나요?
 Practice with example sentences.

 Do you want me to pick up the kids?

 Do you want me to fix your flat tire?
 Do you want me to help you read that book?
 Do you want me to remind you?
 Do you want me to remove my shoes?
 Do you want me to speak in English?
 Do you want me to water the flowers?
 What do you want me to do?
 I want you to clean your room.
 I want you to study harder.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

fix your computer speak in Korean

visit your place order some food
water the flowers pick up the kids
stop singing wash the dishes
call you later return your book

Do you want me to ... ?

ESL Lesson 48 Wrong Flowers

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : I have a problem with my online order.

B : What is the problem?
A : I ordered red roses for my wife, but she
received daisies.
B : I'm sorry to hear that.
A : It is our anniversary and roses are her
favorite flowers.
B : I will have red roses delivered to her as soon ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
as possible.  I have a problem with …
A : What should I do with the daisies?  I ordered … but, … received …
B : Please keep them since we made the error.  I'm sorry to hear that.
A : That's very nice of you.  I'll … delivered to her.
 What should I do with … ?
 That's very nice of you.
Unit 49. Do you mind if I + (verb)

Do you mind if can be used when you are asking someone if they
object to something you are asking.
“Do you mind if”으로 시작하는 의문문은, 당신이 하고자 하는 일을 상대가 꺼려하지 않는지
물어볼 때 사용하는 표현입니다. 이 때 쓰이는 “mind”는 ‘신경이 쓰이다’, ‘꺼리다’, ‘언짢아 하다’
의 의미를 가지고 있습니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up

 excuse to offer an apology for; seek to remove the blame of

 take a nap a short light sleep often during the day; doze
 snow to be the case that snow is falling
 go out to go outdoors; leave one's residence
 channel a television station and its programs
 quiet making little or no noise or sound

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 excuse 양해하다, 양해를 구하다  go out 나가다, 외출하다
 take a nap 낮잠을 자다  channel (TV) 채널
 snow 눈이 내리다  quiet 조용한

 How to…

Do you mind if I verb ?

Would you mind if I 동사

※ Do you mind if I + present verb ?

Would you mind if I + past verb ?
해석 : ~하면 안 될까요? (asking for permission politely)
※ we usually reply no, meaning I don't mind or I'm happy
with that. If we want to say that we are not happy, we
usually begin with I'm afraid.
이 질문을 받았을 때 허락하고자 할 때는 ‘no’로 대답합니다. 허가하지 않고자
한다면 보통 ‘I'm afraid'로 시작하는 문장으로 답합니다.
 Practice with example sentences.

 Do you mind if I excuse myself?

 Do you mind if I take a nap?
 Do you mind if I ask your mom?
 Do you mind if it snows?
 Do you mind if we leave early?
 Would you mind if we went out to eat?
 Would you mind if I opened the window?
 Would you mind if I changed the channel?
 Do you mind telling me what you're doing?
 Do you mind being quiet for a minute?
 Complete sentences with the given words.

snow/rain leave early

visit your place open the window
use your car tonight go out to eat
sing out loud take a nap
tell me what you think stop talking now

Do[Would] you mind if /

Do you mind ~ing … ?
ESL Lesson 49 Mom's Birthday Gift

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : Do you have this sweater in red?

B : We do not have any more in red, but I can
order one for you.
A : When will it arrive?
B : It should take 3-5 business days.
A : That's perfect. It is a birthday gift for my
mother.
B : When is your mother's birthday? ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
A : In two weeks.
 Do you have … in (color)?
B : I will call you when it arrives.
 It should take (time).
A : Here is my cell phone number.
B : Ok. I hope she likes the sweater.  I will call you when …
 I hope she likes …
Unit 50. Why don't we + (verb)

don't is a contraction of do not. When using why don't we you are

asking a question that involves yourself and the person you are
talking to.
“Why don't we ”는 상대에게 어떤 일을 같이 하자고 권유하면서 의사를 물어볼 때 사용하는 표
현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 bowling any of several games in which players roll balls at standing
objects or toward a mark, esp. a game in which a heavy ball
is rolled down a wooden alley at wooden pins
 pick to pluck or gather one by one
 fresh having a healthy or ruddy appearance
 post to display an announcement in a place of public view
 result something that results; outcome
 gather to collect or be collected gradually; muster
 firewood wood that is suitable for burning on a fire
 earn to gain especially for the performance of service, labor, or
work

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 bowling 볼링  result 결과
 pick (과일 등) 따다  gather 모으다
 fresh 신선한  firewood 장작
 post 게시하다, 공고하다  earn (일, 노동으로 돈을) 벌다

 How to…

Why don't we infinitive ?

동사원형

※ We use why don't we to make suggestions.

이 표현은 상대방에게 무언가 권유할 때 사용하는 표현입니다.
해석 : (우리) ~하는 것이 어떨까?
 Practice with example sentences.

 Why don't we go bowling tonight?

 Why don't we pick some fresh flowers?
 Why don't we play a game of chess?
 Why don't we save more money?
 Why don't we visit this place again?
 Why don't we test this before using it?
 Why don't we try and do it again?
 Why don't we post our results online?
 Why don't we gather more firewood?
 Why don't we earn more money?
 Complete sentences with the given words.

save more money drink tonight

go bowling now try it again
exercise every morning ask him to help us
test this before using it play soccer
post our results online go on a picnic

Why don't we ... ?

ESL Lesson 50 Making Dinner Plans

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : Would you like to have dinner with me
tonight?
B : Sure. What time?
A : How about 6 PM?
B : That's perfect. I get off work at 5:30.
A : I can pick you up at your apartment.
B : There is a lot of construction going on in my
neighborhood. Let's just meet at the
restaurant. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
A : Ok. What kind of food do you like?  Would you like to … ?
B : I like all kinds of food.  I get off work at …
A : There's a great Italian place downtown.  I can pick you up at …
B : Sounds good. Let's go there.
 What kind of food do you like?
Unit 51. How come + (subject + verb)

When using how come you are asking why a particular thing has or
had to take place.
“How come”은 어떤 일이나 행동의 이유를 물어보는 표현으로, 회화에서 자주 쓰이는 표현입
니다. ‘왜’라는 뜻을 가진 “Why”와 같은 의미로 쓰이기도 하지만 , ‘(대체) 어째서 그럴까’하는 의
미가 담겨있습니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 carpool to transport by means of a carpool
 upset emotionally or physically disturbed or distressed
 stay up to remain awake past one's usual bedtime; not go to bed
 decision a conclusion or judgment reached after consideration
 question to put a question or questions to a person; interrogate
 agree to be of the same opinion; concur
 dig to break up, turn over, or remove (earth or sand, for example),
as with a shovel, spade, or snout, or with claws, paws or hands
 yard a tract of ground next to, surrounding, or surrounded by a
building or buildings
 come over to pay a casual visit

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 carpool 카풀(차 함께 타기를)하다  agree 동의하다
 upset 속상한, 마음이 상한  dig (땅을) 파다
 stay up (안 자고) 깨어 있다  yard 마당, 뜰
 decision 결정, 판단  come over (~에) 들르다, 오다
 question 질문하다

 How to…

How come S+V… ?

주어 + 동사

※ How come is used to ask about the reason for something.

[informal] How is it that; why
비격식 회화체 표현으로 이유를 물어볼 때 쓰입니다.
해석 : 왜/어째서 … 인가요?/했나요?
 Practice with example sentences.

 How come parents worry so much?

 How come people carpool to work?
 How come you are so upset?
 How come he will not call you?
 How come you stayed up so late?
 How come you cannot make a decision?
 How come you always question me?
 How come we never agree?
 How come your dog digs in the yard?
 How come she will not come over?
 Complete sentences with the given words.

save the money be upset

never agree stay out so late
(not) study hard be always late
(will not) come over carpool to work
[subject : you/she or he/they/people]

How come ... ?

ESL Lesson 51 Overrated Store

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : Wow! I can't believe people like to shop

here.
B : What's wrong with this place?
A : The merchandise is not good and
everything is very overpriced.
B : I think this stuff looks cool.
A : I wouldn't buy anything here. This place is
extremely overrated. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B : This place was advertised in a magazine.
 I can't believe people like …
A : What kind of magazine?
 Everything is overpriced/overrated.
B : An expensive furniture magazine.
A : The magazine editor has bad taste.  I think this stuff looks cool.
 … have/has bad taste.
Unit 52. I should have + (p.p.)

should is the past tense of the word shall. When using the words
should have you are talking about something in the past that you
ought to or might have done.
“should”는 “shall”의 과거형입니다. “should have p.p.”는 과거에 어떤 일/행동을 했어야 했지
만 하지 않았거나 못했다는 후회나 유감의 의미가 담긴 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 directions instructions in how to do something or reach a destination
 sooner the comparative of soon
 advice an opinion or recommendation offered as a guide to action,
conduct, etc.
 umbrella a portable device used for protection against rain, snow, etc,
and consisting of a light canopy supported on a collapsible
metal frame mounted on a central rod
 invite to ask a person or persons in a friendly or polite way to do
something, attend an event, etc.
 shout to call or cry out loudly

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 directions 설명서, 안내문  umbrella 우산
 sooner 더 빨리  invite 초대하다
 advice 조언, 충고  shout 소리치다

 How to…

I should have p.p.

과거분사

※ I should have p.p. (I did not do something and regret it now.)

해석 : ~했어야 했어. (과거에 하지 않은 일에 대한 유감, 후회)
※ I shouldn't have p.p. (I did do something and regret it now.)
해석 : ~하지 말았어야 했어. (과거에 한 일에 대한 유감, 후회)
 Practice with example sentences.

 I should have gone with you.

 I should have studied more for my test.
 I should have read the directions before starting.
 I should have eaten breakfast this morning.
 I should have called you sooner.
 I should have listened to your advice.
 I should have taken an umbrella.
I should not have invited her to the party.
I shouldn't have drunk so much wine.
I shouldn't have shouted at her.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

go with you eat breakfast

call him sooner take an umbrella
invite him to the party study more
tell her my secret shout at him
listen to his advice read more books

I should have /
I shouldn't have …
ESL Lesson 52 Errands

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: Can you do me a favor?

B: What is it?
A: Could you take me to the store?
B: Sure. Is there something wrong with your
car?
A: Yeah. It's in the shop for repairs.
B: Again? You just got it fixed last month.
A: I know. I need a new car. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B: Do you need a ride anywhere else?
 Can you do me a favor?
A: How about the bank?
 Could you take me to … ?
B: Ok. I need to go to the store and the bank
too.  You got it fixed …
 Do you need a ride … ?
Unit 53. I'm not sure if (subject + verb)

I'm not sure expresses a feeling of uncertainty or lack of confidence

on a particular matter.
“I'm not sure”는 어떤 특정 일이 확실하지 않거나 맞는지 여부에 대해 자신이 없는 경우 자주
사용하는 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up

 offer to present or proffer something, someone, oneself, etc.

for acceptance or rejection
 call back to telephone or radio (a person) who has called
previously
 permit to allow or grant permission to do something
 park to stop and leave a vehicle temporarily in a certain
location
 handle to have power or control over: to manage successfully
 notice to become conscious or aware of; perceive; note
 matter to be of importance; signify

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 offer 제안하다  handle 처리하다, 다루다
 call back 다시 전화하다  notice 알다, 의식하다
 permit 허가하다  matter 중요하다, 상관이 있다
 park 주차하다

 How to…

I'm not sure if S+V…

주어 + 동사

※ if means whether here.

이 문장에서의 ‘if’는 ‘whether’와 같은 의미입니다. 뜻 : ~인지 (아닌지)
※ I'm not sure if …
해석 : … 인지 잘 모르겠다. 확신할 수 없다.
 Practice with example sentences.

 I am not sure if they will offer me the job.

 I am not sure if she'll call me back.
 I am not sure if they will permit us to park there.
 I am not sure if my wife will understand.
 I am not sure if we will go out tonight.
 I'm not sure if I understand your question.
 I'm not sure if I can handle it.
 I'm not sure if my mom will notice.
 I'm not sure if it will happen.
 I'm not sure if it will matter.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

rain tomorrow can go out tonight

understand notice
can handle it well answer my call
permit us to park here offer me the job
[subject : you/she or he/we/they/it]

I'm not sure if ...

ESL Lesson 53 No Room for Dessert

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: Are you sick?

B: No. I just ate too much.
A: Why do you always eat so much?
B: I always overeat during the holidays.
A: You need to control yourself.
B: I know, but Mom's cooking is the best.
A: She made pumpkin pie, your favorite
dessert. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B : I don't think I have room for dessert.  Why do you always … ?
A : Really? That's the first time I have ever  I overeat during the holidays.
heard you say that.  You need to control yourself.
 I have room for dessert.
 That's the first time I have ever …
Unit 54. It's too bad that

too bad means regrettable or unfortunate. When using it in a

sentence you are expressing a concern or regret for what has taken
place.
“too bad”는 유감스럽거나 안타깝게 여기는 일에 대해 ‘안 됐다’고 말하고자 할 때 자주 사용하
하는 위로, 후회, 유감의 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up

 sold out to be sold all of a supply of something

 find out to detect the true nature or character of; expose
 on time according to schedule; punctual or punctually
 hurt to cause physical pain to someone or something; to
cause emotional pain or distress to someone

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank

 sold out 다 팔린, 매진된  on time 정각에

 find out 알아내다, 알게 되다  hurt 다치게 하다, 아프게 하다

 How to…

It's too bad (that) S+V…

주어 + 동사

※ If you say something is too bad, you can mean either

that you feel sympathy about a problem, or that you do not.
The difference is in what is being talked about and the way
that you say it. too bad는 보통 유감의 감정을 표현할 때 사용하지만 문맥
에 따라 안쓰럽다는 감정이 담겨있지 않은 경우도 있습니다.
e.g.
It's too bad that you can't come to see Mark in his school play. /
A: "I can't come on Friday."
B: "That's too bad . I've already bought the tickets, so you'll still have to pay."
 Practice with example sentences.

 It's too bad that tickets are sold out.

 It's too bad that it is going to rain.
 It's too bad that my teacher left the school.
 It's too bad that you do not understand.
 It's too bad that Tom has a girlfriend.
 It's too bad that she lost her job.
 It's too bad that you have to go.
 It's too bad that I found out about it.
 It's too bad we will not be there on time.
 It's too bad she got hurt.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

rain tomorrow have a girlfriend

lost (one's) job have to go
got hurt not understand
left the school found out about it
[subject : you/she or he/we/they/it … ]

It's too bad (that) ...

ESL Lesson 54 Hopes

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: What are your hopes for the future?

B: World peace and ending world hunger.
A: Those are very high hopes.
B: You don't agree?
A: I absolutely agree, but they are not realistic.
B: These hopes are for the younger generation.
A: We will have to change the future for them,
but how? ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B : One step at a time.
 … are very high hopes.
A : The world needs good leaders in the future.
 I absolutely agree.
B : The world needs good leaders now.
 One step at a time.
 … need(s) … in the future/now.
Unit 55. How much does it cost to + (verb)

When using How much does it cost, you are simply asking how
much you would need to pay to do something.
“How much does it cost”는 가격을 물어볼 때 사용하는 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up

 own to have or hold as one's own; possess

 round (Golf) a playing of all the holes on a golf course
 repair to restore something damaged or broken to good
condition or working order
 long distance telephone service between distant places
 run to manage or conduct
 rent to grant temporary occupancy or use of (one's own
property or a service) in return for regular payments

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 own 소유하다  long distance 장거리 전화
 round (골프) 라운드 (코스 한 바퀴)  run 운영하다
 repair 수리하다, 고치다  rent 빌리다

 How to…

How much does it cost to infinitive ?

동사원형

※ how from "How much"

: to what extent, amount, or degree
※ How much does it cost to + infinitive ?
해석 : ~을 하는 데에 비용이 얼마나 드나요?
 Practice with example sentences.

 How much does it cost to fly to Europe?

 How much does it cost to own a house?
 How much does it cost to play a round of golf?
 How much does it cost to repair my computer?
 How much does it cost to go to the movies?
 How much would it cost to talk long distance?
 How much would it cost to run a website?
 How much would it cost to join a gym?
 How much would it cost to wash my dog?
 How much would it cost to rent a car?
 Complete sentences with the given words.

buy this house fly to Europe

repair my TV join a gym
rent a car for a day run a website
play a round of golf wash my dog
go to the movies clean my office

How much does

/ would it cost to … ?
ESL Lesson 55 Dividing Housework

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : We need to have a talk.
B : Is there a problem?
A : I feel like I do all of the cleaning. I clean up
your mess too.
B : I'm sorry. I promise to keep the house clean.
A : Why don't we divide the housework?
B : Ok. How do you want to divide it?
A : We will clean up our own messes. Then, we
will take turns cleaning the common areas. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
 I feel like …
B : What are the common areas?
 Why don't we … ?
A : Places that we use together, like the
 How do you want to … ?
bathroom, kitchen, and living room.
 We will take turns ~ing …
B : That sounds fair.
 That sounds fair.
Unit 56. It takes + (time) + to + (verb)

When using It takes (time) to V, you are letting someone know how
long it will take to do a particular thing.
“It takes (시간) to”는 어떤 일을 하는 데에 시간이 얼마나 소요되는 지 알릴 때 사용하는 표현
입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 quarter one of four equal parts
 complete to bring to a finish or an end: to make whole or
perfect
 all day the whole of one day
 downtown the lower part or the business center of a city or
town
 earn to acquire or deserve as a result of effort or action
 bachelor's degree an academic degree conferred on someone who
has successfully completed undergraduate studies

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 quarter 4분의 1, (스포츠) 쿼터  downtown 시내, 다운타운
 complete 완료하다  earn (자격이 되어) 받다, 얻다
 all day 하루 종일  bachelor's degree 학사 학위

 How to…

It takes (time) to infinitive

동사원형

※ take from "It takes … to"

: to use or require (time)
※ It takes (time) to + infinitive
해석 : ~하는 데에 (시간이) 걸리다
※ How long does it take to + infinitive ?
해석 : ~하는 데에 얼마나 걸리나요? (소요시간 묻기)
 Practice with example sentences.

 It takes one hour to get there.

 It takes forty-five minutes for me to get ready.
 It takes four quarters to complete a football game.
 It takes all day for us to finish golfing.
 It takes three days for him to complete this painting.
 It takes years to learn to play guitar.
 It takes 7 seconds for my car to go 60 MPH.
 It takes 15 minutes to get to downtown.
 It takes 4 years to earn a bachelor's degree.
 It takes me 1 hour to cook.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

download a movie get to downtown

complete a soccer game earn a degree
finish my homework get ready
learn to play guitar finish golfing
[time : an(one) hour / all day / a week / 15 minutes … ]

It takes (time) to ...

ESL Lesson 56 Out of Order Elevator

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : I need to move.
B : Why? I thought you loved your apartment.
A : My apartment elevator has been out of
order for two weeks.
B : That's a long time. You live on the top floor.
A : It's been hard bringing groceries home.
B : When is it going to be fixed?
A : The manager doesn't know. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B : He needs to do something about it.  … have/has been our for order …
A : He doesn't care. He lives on the first floor.  It's been hard ~ing …
B : Tell him to walk up and down the stairs. He  He doesn't care.
may repair it quicker.  You live/He lives on … floor.
 Tell … to walk up and down …
Unit 57. It's very kind of you to + (verb)

When saying It is kind of you, you are saying that what someone
has done or said was very appreciated or welcomed.
“It is kind of you”는 상대방이 해준 일 혹은 건넨 말에 대해 고마움을 전할 때 자주 사용하는 표
현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up

 inform to give or impart knowledge of a fact or

circumstance to
 double to make or become twice as much
 decorate to furnish or adorn with something ornamental or
becoming; embellish
 entertain to provide amusement for a person or audience: to
show hospitality to guests

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank

 inform (정보를) 알리다, 알게 하다  decorate 장식하다, 꾸미다

 double 두 배로 만들다[되다]  entertain (손님을) 접대하다,
즐겁게 해 주다

 How to…

infinitive
It's very kind of you to
동사원형

※ It is(it's) very kind of you to + infinitive

해석 : ~해 주시다니/주신다니 고맙습니다.
~해 주시다니/주신다니 친절하시군요.
 Practice with example sentences.

 It's very kind of you to offer me the job.

 It's very kind of you to listen to me.
 It's very kind of you to join me.
 It's very kind of you to invite us.
 It's very kind of you to inform us what happened.
 It is kind of you to double my salary.
 It is kind of you to decorate for the party.
 It is kind of you to help us.
 It is kind of you to fill me in.
 It is kind of you to entertain us.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

raise my salary help the poor

fill me in entertain kids
drive me to the airport invite us
listen to me offer me the job
give him the book come with me

It's very kind of you to ...

ESL Lesson 57 A Beautiful Getaway

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: Where is your favorite vacation spot?

B: Joe and I love to go to Hawaii every summer.
A: Ted and I have never been there.
B: It's a beautiful and relaxing place.
A: Ted doesn't like beaches. He likes to
sightsee.
B: There are many places to sightsee.
A: I may have to talk him into it. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B: We have a lovely condo you could stay in.  Where is your favorite spot?
A: How much do you charge?  I love to go … every …
B: We won't charge you. You're my best friend.  I have never been there.
 I may have to talk him into it.
 How much do you charge?
Unit 58. Please make sure that

When saying Please make sure that, you are asking someone to
make sure that a particular thing happens or takes place.
“Please make sure that ”이라는 표현을 사용하여 상대에게 확인해야 할 일 혹은 꼭 해야 할 일
에 대해 요청할 수 있습니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 wake up stop sleeping
 dinner a meal taken in the evening
 assignment something that has been assigned, such as a mission
or task
 meat the flesh of animals as used for food
 enough so as to be adequate or sufficient; as much as
necessary
 record to make a recording of music, speech, etc.
 stay out to remain out of doors and not return to one's house
etc.

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 wake up (잠자리에서) 깨어나다  enough 충분히
 dinner 저녁  record 녹화하다
 assignment 과제  stay out 집에 안 들어오다,
 meat 고기 집밖에 있다

 How to…

Please make sure that S+V…

주어 + 동사

※ make sure
: to establish something without doubt; make certain
※ Please make sure (that) S + V
해석 : S가 V할 것을 확실히 해 주세요.
반드시 S가 V 하도록 해 주세요.
 Practice with example sentences.

 Please make sure that she wakes up on time.

 Please make sure that she gets to school.
 Please make sure that dinner is ready when we get home.
 Please make sure that your assignment is done.
 Please make sure that the water is not too hot.
 Please make sure she gets there on time.
 Please make sure you cook the meat long enough.
 Please make sure you record our favorite TV show.
 Please make sure you don't stay out too late.
 Please make sure we leave on time.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

wake up on time leave on time

(not) stay out too late get to school
buy tickets in advance book a table
cook the meat long enough
[subject : you/she or he/we/they/it … ]

Please make sure that ...

ESL Lesson 58 Coffee Prevents Cancer

 Practice with a dialogue!

A: Do you believe that coffee prevents cancer?

B: I want to believe it. I love coffee.
A: But your coffee is not very healthy.
B: Why do you say that?
A: You put lots of cream and sugar in your
coffee.
B: It tastes better that way.
A: You should drink it black like me. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
B: It's too bitter.  Do you believe that … ?
A: I don't think your coffee will prevent cancer.  Why do you say that?
B: I'm still going to believe it.  It tastes better that way.
 You should drink it black like me.
 It's too bitter.
Unit 59. I wish I could

I wish I could infinitive can be used when you are expressing a

desire to do something.
“I wish I could + 동사원형 ”은 가정법이 사용된 표현 중 하나로, 당신이 간절히 바라는 현재
의 소망을 나타날 때 사용합니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 settle to decide, conclude, or dispose of
 argument an oral disagreement; contention; altercation
 replace to substitute a person or thing for another which has ceased
to fulfill its function; put in place of
 calm without rough motion; still or nearly still
 own (v. / adj.) 1. to have or hold as one's own; possess
2. of, pertaining to, or belonging to oneself or itself
 during throughout the course or duration of
 session a single continuous meeting or series of meetings of persons
so assembled
 sail to travel in a boat or ship
 remember to recall to the mind with effort; think of again

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank
 settle 해결하다, 합의를 보다  during ~동안
 argument 논쟁, 언쟁  session (특정 활동) 시간, 기간
 replace 대체하다, 바꾸다  sail 항해하다
 calm 침착한, 차분한  remember 기억하다, 기억나다
 own 소유하다 / 자신의

 How to…

I wish I could infinitive

동사원형

※ wish : to want or desire (something, often that which cannot

be or is not the case)
※ I wish I could + infinitive (present)
해석 : ~하면 좋을 텐데 (현재 소망, 바람)
◆ I wish I could have p.p. (past)
해석 : ~했다면 좋았을 텐데 (과거 소망, 바람, 유감)
 Practice with example sentences.

 I wish I could sing better.

 I wish I could settle the argument.
 I wish I could replace my old car with a new one.
 I wish I could own my own business.
 I wish I could remain calm during the next session.
 I wish I could go to the game with you.
 I wish I could sail around the world.
 I wish I could play outside.
 I wish I could write better.
 I wish I could remember his name.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

sing better own this house

sail around the world travel more
remember his name play outside
speak 5 languages run this company
go to the game with you have much money

I wish I could ...

ESL Lesson 59 E-Book Debate

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : I ordered a paperback book. It should come
in 3-5 days.
B : If you order an e-book, you can get it
instantly.
A : I don't like e-books.
B : Why?
A : I like holding a real book with pages.
B : E-books have pages.
A : They're not real pages. Paperback books ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
have pages you can turn.  It should come in … days/hours.
B : E-books can be read in the dark.  You can get it instantly.
A : That's a good point. But, I still like  E-books can be read in the dark.
paperback books more.
 I still like … more.
Unit 60. If I were you, I would

If I were you, I would can be used when you are giving an example
of what decision you would do given the circumstances.
“I were you, I would ”는 가정법 표현 중 하나로, 당신이 상대방의 입장이라면 어떻게 행동할 것
인지 혹은 어떤 결정을 내릴 것인지에 대해 말할 때 사용하는 표현입니다.
 Vocabulary Check-up
 continue to carry on uninterruptedly a course of action; persist
in something
 explain to make something comprehensible, esp. by giving a
clear and detailed account of the relevant structure,
operation, surrounding circumstances, etc.
 book to arrange for or purchase something (for example,
tickets or lodgings) in advance; reserve
 reservation something reserved, esp. hotel accommodation, a
seat on an airplane, in a theatre, etc.

 How many words do you already know? You can find out
what the words mean in Korean on the next page.
 Vocabulary Bank

 continue 계속하다 , 계속되다  book 예약하다

 explain 설명하다  reservation 예약

 How to…

If I were you, I would infinitive

If I were you, I would have p.p.

※ If I were you : 내가 너라면

※ If I were you, I would + infinitive
해석 : 내가 너라면, ~ 할 텐데. (의미상 현재 가정)
※ If I were you, I would + have p.p.
해석 : 내가 너라면, ~했을 텐데. (의미상 과거 가정)
 Practice with example sentences.

 If I were you, I would continue working until it is done.

 If I were you, I would enjoy my vacation.
 If I were you, I would explain what happened.
 If I were you, I would book my reservations now.
 If I were you, I would answer the question.
 If I were you, I would have continued working until it was done.
 If I were you, I would have enjoyed my vacation.
 If I were you, I would have explained what happened.
 If I were you, I would have booked my reservations.
 If I were you, I would have answered the question.
 Complete sentences with the given words.

enjoy my vacation answer the question

explain it to her continue working
jog every morning buy a new car
go and see him now write her a letter
(not) tell her the truth (not) invite him

If I were you, I would ...

ESL Lesson 60 Something Different

 Practice with a dialogue!

A : We go to the mountains every year.

B : Do you want to try something different this
year?
A : Let's go somewhere warm.
B : Where should we go?
A : How about the beach? My co-worker owns
a condo on the beach.
B : That sounds nice. ◆ KEY EXPRESSION
A : He said he would give us a discount on the  Do you want to try something
cost. different … ?
B : We can celebrate our anniversary there.  Let's go somewhere warm/cool.
A : That's a great idea!  … give us discount on the cost.
 We can celebrate our anniversary …