DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CITY OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE

San Ignacio St., Poblacion, City of San Jose del Monte 3023
9
LEARNING
ACTIVITY SHEETS
(LAS)
Statistics and Probability
Quarter – 4 Module: 5
Hypothesis Testing (Population Proportion)
(M11/12SP-IVe-2)

Pretest
I. Directions: Identify the correct answer for each item. Write only the letter of
your choice.
 1. Out of 250 college students, 98 owned a laptop. What is the population of the
college students who owned laptop?
A. 2.50 B. 0.98 C. 0.40 D. 0.39
2. If the value of population proportion is 3/5, what is the value of q?
A. 0.60 B. 0.50 C. 0.40 D. 0.30
3. Is z-test applicable for the following given? Hypothesis test on population
proportion; n = 131, p = 0.11.
A. Yes C. Maybe
B. No D. Cannot be determined
4. Is z-test applicable in the following given? Hypothesis test on population
proportion; n = 20, q = 0.65
A. Yes C. Maybe
B. No D. Cannot be determine
For no. 5 – 7
Ships arriving in Port of Batangas are inspected by Customs officials for
contaminated cargo. Nineteen percent of the ships arriving last year contained cargo
thaw was contaminated cargo. Does the data suggest that the proportion of ships
arriving in the port with contaminated cargoes has decreased this year? Use α =0.01 .
5. Which of the following is a correct null hypothesis?
A. Ho : p = 0.19 B. Ho : p ≠ 0.19
C. Ho : p > 0.19 D. Ho : p < 0.19
6. Which of the following is a correct alternative hypothesis?
A. H1 : p = 0.19 B. H1 : p ≠ 0.19
C. H1 : p > 0.19 D. H1 : p < 0.19
7. What is the population proportion?
A. 0.10 B. 0.19
C. 19 D. 20
8. A randomly selected sample of 1,000 college students was asked whether they had ever
used the drug Ecstasy. Sixteen percent (16% or 0.16) of the 1,000 students surveyed said
they had. Which one of the following statements about the number 0.16 is correct?
A. It is a sample proportion. B. It is a population proportion.
C. It is a margin of error. D. It is a randomly chosen number.
9. In a random sample of 1000 students, pˆ = 0.80 (or 80%) were in favor of longer
hours at the school library. The standard error of pˆ (the sample proportion) is
A. 0.800 B. 0.640
C. 0.160 D. 0.13
10. In hypothesis testing, a Type 2 error occurs when
A. The null hypothesis is not rejected when the null hypothesis is true.
B. The null hypothesis is rejected when the null hypothesis is true.
C. The null hypothesis is not rejected when the alternative hypothesis is true.
D. The null hypothesis is rejected when the alternative hypothesis is true.

II. Matching Type: Match column A with column B

A B
1. Alternative Hypotheses A. Statement of expectation or
prediction that will be tested by
 research
2. Hypothesis B. Denoted by ρ , is a fraction of the
population that has a certain
characteristic.
3. Null C. Level of significance
4. Population Proportion D. Is often denoted as Ha or H1
5. α E. Population interval
F. A typical statistical theory which
suggests that no statistical
relationship and significance
exists in a set of given single
observed variable, between two
sets of observed data and
measured phenomena.

Objectives
At the end of this learning activity sheets you will learn;

A. formulate the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses on a population proportion.

B. identify the appropriate form of the statistical test when the Central Limit Theorem is to
be used.
C. identify the appropriate rejection region for a given level of significance when the
Central Limit Theorem is to be used.

Key Concepts
A population proportion, denoted by ρ , is a fraction of the population that has a certain
characteristic. The population proportion can be expressed in fraction, decimal or percent form.

For example, if there are 2500 people in the population and 250 of those people have curly
hair. The fraction of people who have brown eyes is 250 out of 2500 and be written as:

250 1
ρ= ∨ ∨0.1∨10 %
2500 10
In the previous lesson, we discussed how to perform hypothesis testing for population
mean. In this module, we will perform hypothesis testing for population proportion using the same
steps as we used in hypothesis testing for population mean.

1. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.

2. Select an appropriate statistical test and procedure.
3. Choose the level of significance (α ) and establish the rejection region.
4. Compute the value of the test statistic from the sample data.
5. Make a decision and draw the appropriate conclusion.

In this learning activity sheets, we will focus on the first three steps.
Examples:
1. In San Jose Del Monte, 300 female senior high school students were randomly selected
and asked whether they prefer purchasing clothes from department stores or in ukay-
ukay. If 150 of the female senior high students preferred department stores, is there
sufficient evidence at the 5% level of significance to suggest that the proportion of
female senior high school students throughout San Jose Del Monte who prefer
department stores exceeds 30%?
A. Formulate the null hypotheses.

Ho: The proportion of female senior high school students, throughout San Jose Del
Monte who prefer Department Store is equal to 30%. In symbol, ρ=0.30

H1: The proportion of female senior high school students throughout San Jose Del
Monte who prefer Department Stores is greater than 30%. In symbol, ρ>0.30
B. Select an appropriate statistical test and procedure.
In the case of population proportion, z-test will be applicable only if np > 5 and nq
>5, where n is the number of samples, p is the population proportion, and q is 1 – p.
these conditions are important so that the binomial distribution of sample
proportion can be approximated by a normal distribution μ=nρ and σ =√ npq .
Let us see if z-test is applicable for the sample problem.
We need to test the conditions: nρ>5 and nq> 5.
n = 300
p = 0.4
q = 1 – 0.30 = 0.70
np = (300) (0.3) = 90
nq = (300) (0.70) = 210
Since both conditions were satisfied, then we could use z-test for population
proportion.
C. Choose the level of significance ( α ) and establish the rejection region.
a. Based on the sample problem the level of significance is 5% (α =0.05).
b. Remember that to identify the rejection region, we need to know first if the
problem is a case of a one-tailed test or two-tailed test. Since the alternative
hypothesis is ρ>.30 , it is a one tailed-tailed test. Referring on the table below,
we can identify that the rejection region is z > 1.645.

Level of One tailed

Two – tailed
Significance Left- tailed Right- tailed
α =¿ 0.05 z < -1.645 z > 1.645 z < -1.96 or z >1.96
α = 0.01 z < -2.33 z > 2.33 z < -2.575 or z > 2.575
2. A manufacturer of detergent soap claims that 25% of the customers prefer brand A. to
test the claim, a random of 38 customers are selected and asked what brand they
prefer. If 8 out of 28 customers prefer brand A, what conclusion can be drawn? Use
α =0.01 level of significance.
A. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.
Ho: The proportion of customers who prefer brand A is 25%. In symbol, p = 0.25
H1: The proportion of customers who prefer brand A is less than 25%. In symbol p ≠
0.25
B. Select an appropriate statistical test and procedure.
 We need to test the conditions: np> 5∧nq >5.
n=38
ρ=0.25
q=1−0.25=0.75
nρ=( 38 )( 0.25 )=9.5
nq=( 38 ) ( 0.75 )=28.5
z−test is applicable ∈this problem
C. Choose the level of significance (α ) and establish the interval of the rejection.
(i) α =0.01
(ii) Since the alternative hypothesis for the situation is ρ ≠ 0.25, it is a two-
tailed test. Referring on the table, the rejection region is z >2.575←0.575 .

REMEMBER

1. For population proportion, z-test will be applicable only if np> 5∧nq >5 , where: n is the
number of samples, p is the population proportion, and q is 1 – p.
2. To identify the rejection region, refer on the table below

Level of One-tailed Two-tailed

Significance Left-tailed Right-tailed
α =0.05 z ←1.645 z >1.645 z ←1.96∨z >1.96
α =0.01 z ←2.33 z >2.33 z ←2.575∨z >2.575

Activity 1
Directions: Which of the following statements is/are true about the use of z-test for
population proportion.
1. Either np or nq must be less than 5.
2. np must be greater than 5.
3. nq must be less than 5.
4. z-test can be used regardless of the value of np and nq
5. np and nq are both greater than 5.

Activity 2
Directions: Identify if z-test is applicable for each the following sets of information. Write A
if applicable and N if not applicable.
1. Hypothesis test on population; n=8 , ρ=0.12
2. Hypothesis test on population proportion; n=20 , q=0.95
3. Hypothesis test on population proportion; n=50 , p=0.5
4. Hypothesis test on population proportion; n=130 , q=0.65
5. Hypothesis test on population proportion; n=18 , q=0.38

Activity 3: Checking Your Understanding

Directions: Read each problem. Write the null and alternative hypotheses and identify the
rejection region.
1. A telephone company claims that 80% of teenager in San Jose Del Monte Bulacan
are using their cellphones to connect to the internet. In a random sample of 130
teenager, 110 say that they use their phones to access the internet. Is there enough
evidence to support the said claim? Use α =0.01 .

2. A certain school in City of San Jose Del Monte claimed that 75% of their internal
stakeholders were very satisfied with the school’s services. One hundred were
surveyed using random sampling technique and it was found out that 83 of them
were very satisfied. Based on this result, should we accept or reject the school’s
claim?

Posttest
I. Directions: Identify the correct answer for each item. Write only the letter of
your choice.
1. Out of 250 teachers in San Jose Del Monte, 98 owned a laptop. What is the
population proportion of the teachers who do not owned laptop?
A. 0.39 B. 0.61 C. 0.98 D. 2.50
2. If the value of population proportion is 0.25, what is the value of q?
A. 0.75 B. 0.80 C. 0.85 D. 0.90
3. Is z-test applicable in the following given? Hypothesis test on population
proportion; n=121 , p=0.98
A. Yes B. No C. Maybe D. Cannot be
determined
4. Is z-test applicable in the following given? Hypothesis test on population
proportion; n=17 , q=0.50
A. Cannot be B. Maybe C. No D. Yes
determined
For no. 5-10
 Ships arriving in Port of Batangas are inspected by Customs officials for contaminated
cargo. Twenty percent of the ships arriving last year contained cargo that was
contaminated. Using a random selection 40 ships in the current year included 10 that
had contaminated cargo. Does the data suggest that the proportion of ships arriving in
the port with contaminated cargoes has increased this year? Use α =0.05 .

5. Which of the is correct null hypothesis?

A. H0 : p = 0.20 B. H0: p ≠ 0.20 C. H0: p ¿ 0.20 D. H0: p ¿ 0.20
6. Which of the following is a correct alternative hypothesis?
A. H1: p ¿ 0.20 B. H1: p ≠ 0.20 C. H1: p ¿ 0.20 D. H1: p ¿ 0.20
7. What is the population proportion?
A. 0.40 B. 0.20 C. 0.18 D. 0.01
8. What is the value of q?
A. 0.60 B. 0.80 C. 0.82 D. 0.99
9. Is z-test applicable for this problem?
A. Yes, because np is greater than 5
B. Yes, because nq is greater than 5
C. Yes, because np and nq are both greater than 5
D. Yes, because np and nq are both less than 5
10. Which of the following rejection region is applicable for this problem?
A. z >−1.645 B. z ←1.645 C. z >1.645 D. z <1.645
II. Directions: Read each problem. Write the null and alternative hypotheses and
identify the rejection region.

Mr. Mark asserts that fewer 10% of the bulbs that she sells are defective.
Supposed 350 bulbs are randomly selected, each is tested and 25 defective
bulbs are found. Does this provide sufficient evidence for Mr. Mark to
conclude that the fraction of defective bulbs is less than 0.10? Use α =0.01 .

Answer Key to Pretest

 Activity 1
Pre-test 1. F
I. 2. T
1. D 3. F Post Test
2. C 4. F I.
3. A 5. T 1. B
4. B
Activity 2 2. A
5. A
3. B
6. D 1. N 4. D
7. A 2. N 5. A
8. D 3. A 6. C
9. C 4. A 7. B
10. C 5. A 8. B
II.
9. C
1. D Activity 3
10. C
2. A 1. H0: ρ=¿0.80 II. H0: ρ=0.1
3. F H1: ρ ≠ 0.80 H1: ρ<0.1
4. B z < -2.575 or z > 2.575 z < -2.33
5. C 2. H0: ρ = 0.75
H1: ρ > 0.75
z > 1.645

Prepared:
Teacher-Developer: Mark Anthony M. Sioco
Checked:
SHS Coordinator: Jane A. Balbag

LR Coordinator: Venus S. Gonzaga

Lay-out Artist: Jomielyn M. Cuevas

Language Evaluator: Mara Castro

Noted:

School Head: Junarlito P. Rondina