SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL- Oral Communication

STUDENT’S NAME: _________________________GRADE/SECTION: _____________

TEACHER: _______________________________ DATE SUBMITTED: ____________

DISTINGUISHING TYPES OF SPEECHES AND SPEECH STYLE

I. LEARNING SKILLS
A. Most Essential Learning Competency
Distinguishes types of speeches and speech style
B. Objective/s
Identify and distinguish the different Types of speeches and speech style

II. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

Communication is very important to our lives. Each of us has a creative and
unique way of interaction. Through various forms of media, we can transfer
information from one person to another, and even to ourselves. One important
characteristic of human communication is the ability to express oneself into different
modalities. With the different purposes of communication, it is essential to know what
types of speech and speech style we can use to deliver our message successfully.

Types of Speech
Speeches can be categorized into different types depending on (1) Purpose: to
inform, to entertain, and to persuade and (2) Delivery: impromptu, extemporaneous,
manuscript, and memorized.

Type of Speech According to Purpose:

Informative speech varies depending on the topic. These are speeches about
objects or people, processes, events, concepts. The primary purpose of this type of
speech is to inform and provide knowledge to the listeners. The lectures of your
teachers are the best examples of this type.

Entertainment speech aims to share goodwill, joy, and pleasure to the audience.
The primary goal is to make the audience relax, enjoy, and even laugh. This means
that you, the speaker, is expected to be friendly and relaxed, but still courteous
during the speech delivery. Moreover, you should know your audience well in order
to entertain them effectively. The humorous speeches of comedians and performers
are the best example of this type.

Persuasive speech is the form of communication that people of diverse

backgrounds mostly engage in. This kind of speech can center on any arguably
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interesting topic under the sun. When you deliver your persuasive speech, your
primary goal is to influence the thoughts, feelings, actions, and behaviors or attitudes
of your listeners (Gamble & Gamble, 2012). Likewise, you also aim to change their
perception and convince them that your argument is more important, practical,
attainable, or feasible. In essence, you—as a persuasive speaker—advocate for
whatever your message is. The campaign speeches of the running candidates for
government posts are the best examples of this type.

Type of Speech According to Delivery:

Manuscript speech is writing and delivering a speech word for word. You read or
glance upon your manuscript or a copy of your speech while delivering it.

This method is the most advantageous to public figures since they are always
constrained by a hectic schedule, so they need ghost writers. Consequently, they
would have to read the text of the speech as it is. The President’s State of the Nation
Address (SONA) is a concrete example of this situation. Media personalities and
speakers on radio and television always battle with time limits. For example, a
televised panel discussion about a social issue may require radio and TV anchors to
critically choose and refine the words of their speech in advance. Moreover,
spokespersons for government and private organizations also use this type of
speech since this public speaking role requires a great deal of contemplation and
preparation. For example, speeches of different country’s spokespersons in an
international seminar on climate change.

Memorized speech requires you to commit the speech to memory so that you do
not bring your notes when delivering it. As with the manuscript speech, you also run
the risk of sounding mechanical during a memorized delivery. For this reason, keep
your memorized speech short and work harder on your facial expressions and the
tone of your voice.

When should you memorize? Although keeping a speech in memory is needed only
on very rare occasions, memorizing a speech can help you achieve a smooth and
effortless delivery. You do not need to focus on notes or a manuscript. You can
concentrate on maintaining eye contact with your audience, establishing rapport, and
interacting with your audience. Since memorizing can be very tough and mechanical,
it is best that you memorize short speeches for special occasions. A memorized
speech works best for the introduction of a guest, acceptance of award or
recognition, toast, eulogy, tribute, and the like.

Impromptu speech is delivered with little or no time for preparation. In most

instances, you are called to speak at the spur of the moment because you are
expected to be knowledgeable about the subject. For example, your teacher
assigned you to read an article before the class starts. Then, during the class you
were asked to deliver an impromptu speech about what you have learned from the
article. Another instance to illustrate an impromptu situation is when you are asked
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by a friend or a relative about your current or planned vacation trip or when you are
campaigning for a position in school and you are asked by your fellow students to
respond to their questions.

Extemporaneous speech is a planned and prepared speech. Unlike memorized or

manuscript speeches which are delivered word-for-word, an extemporaneous
speech is delivered with the help of short notes and a clear outline. Most people who
speak in public often prefer the extemporaneous method of delivery. Although it
might look more challenging than the manuscript or memorized speeches, it is more
spontaneous and personal.

Types of Speech Style

1. Intimate – This style is private, which occurs between or among close family
members or individuals. The language used in this style may not be shared in public.

2. Casual – This style is common among peers and friends. Jargon, slang, or the
vernacular language are used.

3. Consultative – This style is the standard one. Professional or mutually acceptable

language is a must in this style. Examples of situations are communication between
teachers and students, employers and employees, doctor and patient, judge and
lawyer, or President and his/her constituents.

4. Formal – This style is used in formal settings. Unlike the consultative style, this is
one-way. Examples are sermons by priests and ministers, State of the Nation
Address of the President, formal speeches, or pronouncements by judges.

5. Frozen – This style is ―frozen‖ in time and remains unchanged. It mostly occurs in
ceremonies. Common examples are the Preamble to the Constitution, Lord’s Prayer,
and Allegiance to country or flag.

Source: Department of Education. Oral Communication in Context (For Senior High

School). 839 EDSA, South Triangle, Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc., 2016.

III. ACTIVITIES
A. Practice Tasks

Practice Task 1. Recognize it!

Identify the type of speech given in each example below. Write your answer before
the number. (There can be two answers for each item.)

_______________1. SONA of the President

_______________2. reciting pledge of allegiance to the flag
_______________3. reciting in class about social issues asked by your teacher
_______________4. representative of a politician addressing the public
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_______________5. delivering news reports
_______________6. public announcement of a health professional
_______________7. public address of the Vice-President
_______________8. speaking in class with an index card at hand for key points for
discussion
_______________9. delivering an oratorical speech
_______________10. leading a prayer before meal

Source: Department of Education. Oral Communication in Context (For Senior High

School). 839 EDSA, South Triangle, Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc., 2016.

Practice Task 2. Tell me!

Identify the type of speech style appropriate for the following situations. Write
your answer before the number.

_______________1. talking to a counselor or psychiatrist

_______________2. giving last-minute instructions to players
_______________3. delivering campaign speeches
_______________4. delivering a speech at the UN Summit
_______________5. delivering news reports
_______________6. talking and laughing about memorable experiences
_______________7. communicating while playing sports
_______________8. having a one-on-one conversation with a loved one
_______________9. delivering an oratorical speech
_______________10. leading a prayer before meal
_______________11. reading school policies
_______________12. talking to a superior
_______________13. reading pledge of allegiance to the flag
_______________14. talking to a stranger
_______________15. inquiring at a hotel

Source: Department of Education. Oral Communication in Context (For Senior High

School). 839 EDSA, South Triangle, Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc., 2016.

Practice Task 3. Write It!

Make a short original script which employs the various speech styles.
Choose at least three (3) among the situations listed below.

A. first day of class D. class suspension

B. examination week E. weekend
C. effects of Facebook addiction

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 Rubric for Original Script Writing

Score 1 2 3 4

The final draft There are There are There are no

has many more than a few grammar,
grammar, few grammar, capitalization
Conventions capitalization, grammar, capitalization , spelling, or
spelling, and capitalization , spelling, or punctuation
punctuation , spelling, or punctuation errors in the
errors. punctuation errors in the final draft.
errors in the final draft.
final draft.

Ideas and The plot is a The plot is The story is

scenes seem little hard to well very well
to be follow. The organized. organized.
Organization randomly transitions One idea or One idea or
and Clarity arranged. are scene may scene follows
sometimes seem out of another in a
not clear. place. Clear logical
transitions sequence
are used. with clear
transitions.

Hard to follow Dialogue is Dialogue is Dialogue is

what the choppy and acceptable, well
character is not well but could be developed
speaking. developed. more varied and varied.
Minimal effort in structure.
is put into It is clear
conversation which It is always
Dialogue s. character is clear which
speaking. character is
It is usually speaking.
clear which
character is
speaking.

Total:
Source: Department of Education. Oral Communication in Context (For Senior High
School). 839 EDSA, South Triangle, Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc., 2016.

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B. Assessment

I. Encircle the letter that corresponds to your answer.

1. This type of speech challenges the speaker’s ability to organize ideas and
deliver effectively in a very short period.
A. Impromptu B. Informative D. Persuasive

2. This type of speech requires you to commit the speech to memory.

A. Extemporaneous B. Manuscript C. Memorized

3. Unlike memorized or manuscript speeches which are delivered word-for-word,

this type of speech is delivered with the help of short notes and a clear
outline.
A. Extemporaneous B. Manuscript C. Memorized

4. The purpose of this speech is not to educate, inform, or inspire because the
primary goal is to make the audience relax, enjoy, and even laugh.
A. Entertainment B. Impromptu C. Informative

5. Your argument in persuasive speech should be more important, practical, and

A. Brief B. Feasible C. Researchable

6. Leading a prayer before meal is an example of

A. Formal B. Frozen C. Intimate

7. The following situations use formal speech style except:

A. Lord’s Prayer
B. Pronouncement by judges
C. Sermons by priests

8. Jargon, slang or the vernacular language are not acceptable in the casual style.
A. True B. False

9. The language used in this style may not be shared in public.

A. Casual B. Consultative C. Intimate

10. This style remains unchanged and mostly occurs in ceremonies.

A. Casual B. Consultative C. Frozen

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II. Compare and Contrast

Fill in the graphic organizer below with the necessary information needed to
differentiate the different types of speech according to delivery.

Type of Speech Advantage/s Disadvantage/s

Manuscript

Memorized

Impromptu

Extemporaneous

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