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Lesson 4 Principles of Art

The document discusses the seven principles of art: harmony, balance, proportion, rhythm, emphasis, contrast, and movement. It defines each principle and provides examples to illustrate how artists use the principles to organize visual elements in their works. Harmony involves combining similar elements to create unity and variety. Balance distributes visual weight evenly. Proportion considers the sizes of elements relative to each other. Rhythm uses repetition to guide the eye. Emphasis draws attention to focal points. Contrast stresses differences. Variety adds interest through diversity. Movement directs eye flow.

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Ella Caraan
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1K views47 pages

Lesson 4 Principles of Art

The document discusses the seven principles of art: harmony, balance, proportion, rhythm, emphasis, contrast, and movement. It defines each principle and provides examples to illustrate how artists use the principles to organize visual elements in their works. Harmony involves combining similar elements to create unity and variety. Balance distributes visual weight evenly. Proportion considers the sizes of elements relative to each other. Rhythm uses repetition to guide the eye. Emphasis draws attention to focal points. Contrast stresses differences. Variety adds interest through diversity. Movement directs eye flow.

Uploaded by

Ella Caraan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Principles of

Art
The principles of art
represent how the artist
uses the elements of art to
create an effect and to
help convey the artist's
intent.
These principles are the
means the artists use to
organize the elements in
an artwork. If the
elements are the tools,
principles refer to how an
artist put them to work.
1. Harmony
Essential to beauty.

Visual arts: achieved by


establishing a pleasing
relationship between the
various elements.
A way of combining similar
elements in an artwork to
accent their similarities
(achieved through use of
repetitions and subtle
gradual changes)
• Unity: various parts of the
design will give an
appearance of belonging
together.
• Repetition of angles and
curves, shapes, lines and
colors will give a harmonious
effect.
•
To relieve monotony, there
must be variety.
◦ The spice of life and of art.
◦ Harmony is the visually
satisfying effect of combining
similar or related elements.
2. Balance
All parts are equally distributed
around a central point.
Weights are equally distributed on
each side of a center of fulcrum, as
in see-saw. Gives a feeling of
stability and rest.
Makes an object or room not only
interesting but also pleasant to
look at.
A way of combining
elements to add a feeling of
equilibrium or stability to a
work of art. Major types are
symmetrical, asymmetrical
and radial.
Formal balance
Symmetrical balance
Achieved by making both sides
exactly alike.
Objects of the same size and
shape, when arranged on two
sides of a center, will produce
formal balance.
A n t R o n y Va n D;y-ck
Informal or
asymmetrical balance
More difficult to achieve the formal
balance; however, the results are more
interesting.
Achieved when objects of unequal weights
or unequal attractions are placed at the
correct distances from the center as when
a large object or an object of stronger
attraction is placed near the center, while
the smaller object or one with less striking
attraction is moved
Radial Symmetry
-means the weight of the image or
form radiates from a center
point.
-in which the elements are
equally spaced around a central
point, as in the spokes coming out
of the hub of a bicycle tire.
3. Proportion
Determined by a comparison
of the sizes of different parts
of an object or of an
arrangement.
Achieved when one part of an
object does not seem too big
or too small for other parts.
Proportion
-The ratio of one art element to
another
-It is important to keep in mind
the relationship between
different elements of the
composition so that the scale of
your artwork always makes
visual sense.
.-
4. Rhythm
Achieved by the regular or
harmonious recurrence of
lines, forms, and colors.
Organized movement, a beat, a
repetition.
Through the repetition of lines or
forms, a pattern is
produced, which the eye follows as it
moves from the right to left.
Rhythm
-is a principle of design that
suggests movement or action.
-Rhythm is usually achieved through
repetition of lines, shapes, colors,
and more.
-It creates a visual tempo in
artworks and provides a path for the
viewer’s eye to follow.
A principle of design that
indicates movement, created
by the careful placement of
repeated elements in a work
of art to cause a visual
tempo or beat.
5. Emphasis
Some parts easily catch our attention
and interest while other parts are not
noticed at all.
Produced by the design or form that
catches our attention while the rest
are subordinated.
Pattern emphasized usually forms the
center of interest.
Giving importance to the parts or to
the whole.
Emphasis
gives importance or dominance to some
feature of an artwork.

direct and focus attention on the most


important part of a composition—its
focal point

A way of combining elements to stress


the differences between those
elements.
Contrast
• A striking exhibition of unlikeness.
• refers to the arrangement of
opposite elements and effects.
• a noticeable difference between two
things, such as black and white, hot
and cold, or light and dark.
6. Variety
A principle of design
concerned with diversity or
contrast. Variety is achieved
by using different shapes,
sizes, and/or colors in a
work of art.
Variety is the principle of art that
adds interest to an artwork.
Variety works through juxtaposition and
contrast. When an artist places different
visual elements next to one another,
he/she is using variety. Straight lines
next to curvy lines add variety. Organic
shapes among geometric shapes add
variety. Bright colors next to dull colors
add variety.
7. Movement
– the result of using the
elements of art such that
they move the viewer's eye
around and within the image.
-the path our eyes follow when
we look at a work of art. The
purpose of movement is to
create unity in the artwork
with eye travel.
Movement
–is the principle of art that an
artist uses to guide a viewer's
eye in, through, and out of a
composition.
•Thank you for
listening 

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