7/8

Agricultural Crop
Production
(Exploratory Course)
Quarter 1 - Module 2:
Performing Estimation and Basic
Calculation

Self-Directed Learning Material

Department of Education – Republic of the Philippines
Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE)
Agricultural Crop Production (Exploratory Course) - Grade 7/8
Quarter 1- Module 2: Perform Estimation and Basic Calculation
First Edition, 2020

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over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer/s: Junrick T. Balcita
Editor/s: Frieny D. Alagasi
Reviewer: Frieny D. Alagasi and Cosette C. Navales
Illustrator/s:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Reynaldo M. Guillena, CESO V
Emma A. Camporedondo, CESO VI
Basilio P. Mana-ay Jr., CESE
Alma C. Cifra, EdD
Aris B. Juanillo, PhD
Marcelo O. Roco, PhD

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region XI Davao City Division

Office Address : DepEd Davao City Division, E. Quirino Ave.,

Davao City, Davao del Sur, Philippines
Telefax : (082) 224 0100
E-mail Address : [email protected]

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 7/8
Agricultural Crop
Production
(Exploratory Course)
Quarter 1 - Module 2:
Performing Estimation and Basic
Calculation

3
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education - Agricultural Crop Production

(Exploratory Course) Grade 7/8 Self-Directed Learning Material (SDLM) on
Performing Estimation and Basic Calculation.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher, or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st-century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners
as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

4
Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education - Agricultural Crop Production
(Exploratory Course) Grade 7/8 Self-Directed Learning Material (SDLM) on
Performing Estimation and Basic Calculation.

This learning material was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity, or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will help

you transfer your new knowledge or skill to
real-life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the

5
 lesson learned. This also tends to the
retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the learning material with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

6
 What I Need to Know

This learning material was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the lessons on performing estimation and basic calculations in
Agricultural Crop Production. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.

This module was anchored on the following Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELCs) in TLE under the Agriculture and Fishery Arts Crop Production.

Understand the concepts in Perform Estimation and Basic Calculation (MC).

LO 1. Perform estimation or basic calculation in the workplace
1.1 Follow procedures in reporting to appropriate person/s the estimate of
materials and resources.
1.2 Perform estimations or calculations to be done according to the job
requirement.
1.3 Employ different techniques in checking the accuracy of the result.

After going through this learning material, you are expected to:
1. Extract data from the given situation;
2. Perform estimation according to the extracted data;
3. Create an estimated budget for next week; and
4. Appreciate the importance of estimating expenses.

7
 What I Know

Read each statement carefully. Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and
FALSE if it is wrong. Have it done on a separate sheet of paper.

___________ 1. Fertilizer is an example of farm labor while spraying is an example of

farm input.
___________ 2. Farm operations is a term used for buying tools, materials, and
equipment.
___________ 3. Farm labor is divided into four (4) sub-categories.
___________ 4. An estimate is a summary of all the expected expenses.
___________ 5. Particulars are the names of the items you are going to purchase.
___________ 6. In presenting your estimates to your supervisor, you need to have a
layout of your presentation.
___________ 7. Pesticide is an example of a farm input.
___________ 8. Plowing and harrowing are farm labor which is needed for land
preparation.
___________ 9. Best Estimate can be done within an hour or two.
___________ 10. Production of Seedlings is a labor requirement for plant care.

Lesson
Perform Estimation and
1 Basic Calculation

To be a successful farmer means that you are efficient in spending the resources that
you have. Starting a farm business could get hard if you don’t learn the basics and
spend everything that you have without a plan.

In this lesson, we are going to immerse in the world of estimation and calculations
of materials and operational cost. We will discuss and learn the different materials
needed and the farming operations to be done. Expect that you will be exercising
your math skills and your reading comprehension.

8
 What’s In

Name the following farm tools and farm equipment. Write your answer on the space
provided below the picture. [Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.]

Farm Tools

source: https://bit.ly/2XQmOrk source: https://bit.ly/2UnWEd8 source: https://amzn.to/2XKeNnr

1. ________________ 2. __________________ 3. __________________

Farm Equipment

source: https://bit.ly/3aUyvSu source: https://bit.ly/3aUyvSu

4. ________________ 5. _________________

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 What’s New

Do you know that before starting a farm business you need to have a plan on
buying and doing all these activities?

https://bit.ly/34EjDq
x

https://bit.ly/34EjDq https://bit.ly/34EjDq https://bit.ly/34EjDq

x x x

Can you have a close estimate for all the materials and activities needed for farm
operations?

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 What is It

Look closely and understand the chart below.

Farm Inputs

Farm tools,
Seeds Seedlings Fertilizer Insecticide
implements and
equipment

Farm Labor

Labor Labor Labor

Requirement Requirement Requirement
for land in Planting for Plant Care
Preparation

Plowing using Fertilizer

Production of
tractor or application
seedlings
animal
Pest control
Harrowing
using tractor Transplanting
or animal Irrigation

Preparation of Weeding
furrow

Harvesting

Mulching
Farm(optional)
Inputs

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These are all the materials used in growing your crops like seeds, seedlings,
fertilizers, pesticides, hand tools, implements, and equipment.

Source: https://bit.ly/34EjDqx Source: https://bit.ly/34EjDqx Source: https://bit.ly/34EjDqx

Seeds Seedlings Fertilizer

Source: https://bit.ly/34EjDqx Source: https://bit.ly/34UIsOT Source: https://bit.ly/2G86JXk

Insecticide Tools and Materials Implement and Equipment

Estimation of Materials and Resources

Estimating the materials and resources will help the farmer in planning the possible
budget throughout the planting season.
Estimation on Farm Input Expenses

Make a full list of the inputs you need and will need. You may ask a farmer in your
locality to assist you in making your list. A careful estimation could help you manage
your finances.
After having a full list of the farm inputs needed to start your farm or garden, we will
use the format below.

Date Particulars Quantity Unit Price Total Expenses

Total
Table 1

Date – When are you going to purchase the material? Some inputs need
to be bought early in the planting season like seeds and the tools and
materials to be used.

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Particulars – These are the names of the items you are going to purchase.
Quantity – How many of each item are you going to buy on a specific date.
Unit Price – How much is the cost of the item based on your canvass on at least
3 stores.
Total Expenses – The result of unit price and quantity multiplied.
Total – The result of all total expenses added.

Example:
Date Particulars Quantity Unit Price Total Expenses
06-12-20 Seeds (Red Rapid lettuce) 2 Packs 75.00 150.00
06-12-20 Seedling Tray 10 pcs 60.00 600.00
06-12-20 Manure 2 sacks 100.00 200.00
06-12-20 Shovel 10 pcs 300.00 3,000.00
06-12-20 Grub Hoe 2 pcs 200.00 400.00
06-29-20 Fertilizer (Urea) 1 sack 1,200 1,200.00
07-09-20 Insecticide (Karate) 1 bot (100 ml) 250.00 250.00
Carabao for plowing and
One month 1 x 4 times 500.00 2,000.00
harrowing
Total 7,800.00
Table 1.1 *This is just a sample (lettuce). The actual estimate maybe longer.

Estimation on Farm Labor

Whether you plan on having a small vegetable garden or a big crop farm, you will
consider having someone to help you in doing the farming activities.

To work on the estimated labor expenses, we will use the format below.

Date Activity Number of Number of Individual Total labor

laborers working labor cost cost
needed days (c) (a x b x c)
(a) (b)

Table 2

Date – On what date are you going to do the farm labor?

Activity – What specific farm labor are you going to do today?
Number of laborer needed – How many people will work on that day on the
specific labor?
The number of working days – How many days are they going to finish the
activity?
Individual labor cost – How much are you going to pay them per day?
Total labor cost – How much is the total labor cost for each activity? It is the
result of Number of laborers needed x Number of working
days x Individual labor cost.

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To make estimation easier, we will make a separate estimate on all the farm labor
activity.
Labor requirement for land preparation

Date Activity Number Number Individual Total

of of labor cost labor cost
laborers working
needed days (c) (a x b x c)
(a) (b)
06-16-20 Plowing using animal 1 1 300.00 300.00
06-22-20 Harrowing using animal 1 1 300.00 300.00
Second plowing using
06-29-20 1 1 300.00 300.00
animal
Second harrowing using
07-04-20 1 1 300.00 300.00
animal
07-11-20 Preparation of furrow 5 1 300.00 1,500.00
07-14-20 Mulching (optional) 5 1 300.00 1,500.00
Total 4,200.00
Table 2.1 *This is just a sample (lettuce). The actual estimate maybe longer.

Labor requirement in planting

Date Activity Number Number Individual Total

of of labor cost labor cost
laborers working
needed days
(a) (b) (c) (a x b x c)
06-14-20 Production of seedlings
6 1 200.00 1,200.00
(sowing)
07-15-20 Transplanting 6 1 200.00 1,200.00

Total 2,400.00
Table 2.2 *This is just a sample (lettuce). The actual estimate maybe longer.

Labor requirement for plant care

Date Activity Number Number Individual Total

of of labor cost labor cost
laborers working
needed days
(a) (b) (c) (a x b x c)
07-22-20 Fertilizer Application (1st) 3 1 200.00 600.00
07-29-20 Fertilizer Application (2 )
nd 3 1 200.00 600.00
07-30-20 Weeding 5 1 200.00 1,000.00
08-02-20 Pest Control 2 1 200.00 400.00
08-07-20 Fertilizer Application (3 )
rd 3 1 200.00 600.00
Daily Watering Family 1 None None
08-30-20 Harvesting 5 1 200.00 1,000.00
Total 4,200.00
Table 2.3 *This is just a sample (lettuce). The actual estimate maybe longer.

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After having all the estimates, we are ready for a consolidation which will be the basis
for securing the budget for farm operations.

Activity Amount
Estimates on farm input (Table 1.1) 7,800.00
Estimates on labor requirement for land preparation (Table 2.1) 4,200.00
Estimates on labor requirement in planting (Table 2.2) 2,400.00
Estimates on labor requirement for plant care (Table 2.3) 4,200.00
Total Estimate 18,600.00
Table 3 *This is just a sample (lettuce). The actual estimate may be higher in amount.
Reporting of the Estimates

After making your estimates, the very important part to do after is how to deliver it
to your superior or to anyone who’s going to finance the whole project. Before doing
the presentation it is best to do the following:

Know why you need to report it properly and correctly

Personally:
Finishing the task of estimating all the materials and all the labor requirements is
quite a work. This should be enough reason to encourage you to make it more
presentable before presenting it to your superior. It is a fruit of your hard labor.
For your superior:

Trust is given to you and you should be proud of it. Don’t betray it. A good report of
estimates will give your superior to prepare and plan on the finances. This will also
provide them a bigger picture of what will happen to the whole project and to decide
whether to add or decrease the volume of your production.

Gather all the data

Your estimate is the most important data during the presentation. The words that
you will speak are just there to help your supervisor understand it more. Place your
report on any presentable form. You can print it and hand over a copy to your
superior and prepare a PowerPoint presentation. Highlight the important data by
putting bullets or any symbols you like. Presenting it more interestingly would make
it more fun and worth the time.
Prepare a layout

To make the presentation in an orderly manner make a layout of your presentation

by following these sections:
1. Title of the presentation/ Title of the project
2. Introduction- how did you gather your data
3. Data presentation- list of materials its prices (canvassed) and all the labor
requirements needed (labor prices and laborers needed)
4. Conclusion and or recommendations

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Prepare for any revisions

After the presentation, whole-heartedly accept all the suggestions and comments
from your superior and be ready to revise your work to comply with the plan
Criticisms, suggestions, and recommendations are there to help you, and the project
and you working on means that you are a good team player.

What’s More

Computing Farm Inputs

With the information below, complete the table and compute the amount spent on
buying all the inputs. Write your answer on another sheet of paper.

Buying Materials (Farm Inputs)

I went to the market on May 25, 2020 to buy tools for my small garden. I bought
3 shovels worth 560.00 each, 2 grab hoe worth 550.00 each and 1 rake for
365.00.

On the same day, I bought 10 packs of lettuce seeds worth 120.00 each pack. I
also bought 10 pcs of seedling trays which is 100.00 pesos each.
The next day, May 26, 2020, I went back to the market to buy 25 kilos of Urea
fertilizer which is 35.00 pesos per kilo. I also bought another 25 kilos of complete
fertilizer which is 22.00 pesos per kilo. I anticipated pest on my farm during
planting so I bought 250 ml of Karate for 350.00 pesos and Celecron 250ml for
415.00. After buying all that I need I went home.

FARM INPUTS

Date Particulars Quantity Unit Price Total Expenses

Total

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 What I Have Learned

1. Farm operation is divided into two categories which are Farm inputs and Farm
Labor.
2. Farm Inputs can be tools, equipment, and materials used to produce,
maintain, and nurture the crops.
3. Farm Labor is the workforce used to complete the task needed to produce,
maintain, and nurture the crops.
4. To make a good estimate we need to identify all the needed inputs and labor
needed throughout the cropping season.
5. To efficiently estimate farm operations, a good tabulation is very essential.
This will help us organize the data that we gather.
6. In reporting the estimates, it is best to do the following:
• Know why you need to report it properly and correctly;
• Gather all the data;
• Prepare a layout; and
• Prepare for any revisions.

What I Can Do

Next Week’s Budget

Estimate your family’s budget for next week. This includes food and other possible
expenses. Use the farm inputs format to easily compute your next weeks’ budget.
Write your estimate on another sheet of paper. You will be rated according to the
rubric. Write your answer on another sheet of paper.

NEXT WEEK’S BUDGET

Date Particulars Quantity Unit Price Total Expenses

Total

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 Criteria for Next Weeks’ Budget Very Good Good Not Good
(5) (3) (1)
Content:
The particulars listed are true and is not far
from reality
Accuracy:
The product of the unit price and quantity is
correct.
Completeness:
All the needed information is given.
Cleanliness:
The activity sheet is clean. Free from erasures
and dirt.

Assessment

Read the statements properly. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if
it is wrong. Write your answer on another sheet of paper.

___________ 1. Farm operations is a term used for buying tools, materials, and
equipment.
___________ 2. Particulars are the names of the items you are going to purchase.

___________ 3. Pesticide is an example of a farm input.

___________ 4. Farm labor is divided into four (4) sub-categories.

___________ 5. An estimate is a summary of all the expected expenses.

___________ 6. Production of Seedlings is a labor requirement for plant care.

___________ 7. Fertilizer is a farm labor while spraying is a farm input.

___________ 8. In presenting your estimates to your supervisor, you need to have a
layout of your presentation.

___________ 9. Plowing and harrowing are farm labor which is needed for land
preparation.

___________ 10. Best Estimate can be done within an hour or two.

18
 Additional Activities

My Thoughts
Share your thoughts about doing estimates. Answer the following questions below.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. You will be rated according to the
criteria below.
1. Is doing estimate helpful? If yes why? If no why not?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2. What will be the difference between a farmer who doesn’t do estimates and a
farmer who does estimates before planting?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Criteria Very Good Good Not Good

(5) (3) (1)
Content:
The answer is true and is not far from what is
asked.
Accuracy:
The answer does not exceed nor fall short of
the limit.
Authentic:
The answer is an expression of personal
feelings and thoughts and is not copied from
any sources (books, internet, journal, etc.)
Cleanliness:
The activity sheet is clean. Free from erasures
and dirt.

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 20
The activity sheet is clean. Free from erasures and dirt.
Cleanliness:
All the needed information is given.
Completeness:
The product of the unit price and quantity is correct.
Accuracy:
The particulars listed are true and is not far from reality
Content:
(1) (3) (5)
Not Good Good Very Good Criteria for Next Weeks’ Budget
What’s More
Date Particulars Quantity Unit Price Total Expenses
05-25-20 Shovel 3 560.00 1,680.00
05-25-20 Grab Hoe 2 550.00 1,100.00
05-25-20 Rake 1 365.00 365.00
05-25-20 Lettuce Seeds 10 120.00 1,200.00
05-25-20 Seedling Tray 10 100.00 1,000.00
05-26-20 Urea 25 35.00 700.00
05-26-20 Complete 25 22.00 550.00
05-26-20 Karate 250 ml/ 1 350.00 350.00
05-26-20 Celecron 250 ml/ 1 415.00 450.00
Total 7,395.00
Assessment What’s In
What I know
1. False 6. False 1. Rake
1. False 6. True
2. True 7. False 2. Shovel
2. False 7. True
3. True 8. True 3.Pick Mattock
3. True 8. True
4. True 9.True 4. Hand Tractor
4. True 9. False
5. True 10. False 5. Four-Wheel
5. True 10. False
Tractor
Answer Key
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