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EAPP Q1 W4 Mod4-Thesis-statement

This module provides instruction on writing a thesis statement. It defines a thesis statement as an overall idea or argument that presents the main points and leads the reader in the right direction. The module outlines the key characteristics of a good thesis statement, including that it is a single declarative sentence in the introduction that tells the reader what to expect and makes an arguable claim. It also explains that a thesis statement should have at least three ideas that will be developed in the essay's body paragraphs. Finally, the module describes the steps for writing a thesis statement, which are to determine the paper type, choose a narrowed topic, and draft a statement that makes an arguable claim about the topic.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
164 views15 pages

EAPP Q1 W4 Mod4-Thesis-statement

This module provides instruction on writing a thesis statement. It defines a thesis statement as an overall idea or argument that presents the main points and leads the reader in the right direction. The module outlines the key characteristics of a good thesis statement, including that it is a single declarative sentence in the introduction that tells the reader what to expect and makes an arguable claim. It also explains that a thesis statement should have at least three ideas that will be developed in the essay's body paragraphs. Finally, the module describes the steps for writing a thesis statement, which are to determine the paper type, choose a narrowed topic, and draft a statement that makes an arguable claim about the topic.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

ENGLISH FOR
ACADEMIC AND
PROFESSIONAL
PURPOSES

Wow!1-Earth-terrific!
Quarter Week 4- Module 4
Lesson 1: Thesis Statement

Most Essential Learning Competency:


States the thesis statement of an academic text
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c_7)

0
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before you start answering the module, I want you to set aside other tasks
that will distract you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions
below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every
page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook or any writing pad the concepts about the
lessons. Writing enhances learning, which is important to develop
and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE


 Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after
completing the lessons in the module.
 Pre-Test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts
to be mastered throughout the lesson.
 Looking Back - This section will measure what learnings and skills
that you understand from the previous lesson.
 Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the
lesson.
 Activities - These are activities designed to develop critical thinking
and other competencies. This can be done with or without a partner
depending on the nature of the activity.
 Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications
of the lessons.
 Checking Your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from
the lesson.
 Post-Test - This will measure how much you have learned from the
entire module

1
Lesson

1 Thesis Statement

EXPECTATIONS
In this module, you will have to state the thesis statement of an
academic text.
Specifically, this module will help you to:
 define thesis statement;
 locate the thesis statement in the text;
 determine the steps in writing the thesis statement; and
 write a thesis statement.

Let us continue exploring thesis statement. I am sure you are ready and excited
to answer the Pretest. Smile and cheer up!

PRETEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. It contains the main idea of a paragraph.
A. conclusion C. topic sentence
B. thesis statement D. supporting sentences
2. It often previews the structure of the rest of the essay in a way that
corresponds with the body paragraphs.
A. main idea C. topic sentence
B. thesis statement D. supporting sentences
3. This refers to the reasons which support your claim.
A. evidence C. rationale
B. qualification D. stance
4. What type of essay breaks down an issue or an idea into its
component parts, evaluates the issue or idea, and presents this
breakdown and evaluation to the audience?
A. analytical C. expository
B. argumentative D. entertainment
5. What type of essay explains something to the audience?
A. analytical C. expository
B. argumentative D. entertainment
6. What type of essay makes a claim about a topic and justifies this
claim with specific evidence?
A. analytical C. expository
B. argumentative D. entertainment

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7. Which of the following does NOT describe a good thesis statement?
A. It is a single statement in the opening paragraph.
B. It tells the reader what to expect as they read the essay
C. It must be framed as an imperative sentence.
D. It is a clear, concise statement of your stance.
8. A limited topic is easier to discuss because it is more concrete. Which
of the following characteristics of thesis statement is described?
A. debatable C. specific
B. relevant D. unified
9. A thesis should express a single, central idea on which the paper will
focus. What characteristic is presented?
A. debatable C. specific
B. relevant D. unified
10. A thesis must set forth an assertion or statement that requires
evidence to support it. What characteristic is described?
A. debatable C. specific
B. relevant D. unified

Great! You finished answering the questions. You may request your facilitator to
check your work. Congratulations and keep on learning!

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON


Directions. Choose the letter that corresponds to the most appropriate
answer.
1. Which of the following does NOT describe summarizing?
A. It can be a sentence, a paragraph or more to present the main idea
of the whole text.
B. It is an overview of the entire discussion or argument expressed in
your own words.
C. It may be 70-75% of the original text.
D. It states the main ideas in source concisely and in your own words.
2. How many percent of the original text must a summary contain?
A. 10% to 25% C. 50% to 75%
B. 30% to 45 % D. 80& 95%
3. What are the steps in writing a summary?
I. Cite or mention the source.
II. Write your summary in your own words.
III. Determine the purpose of writing your summary.
IV. Look for the main idea of each paragraph.
V. Review and revise your summary.
A. III, IV, II, V, I C. I, III, II, IV, V
B. III, IV, V, I, II D. I, III, IV, II, V

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4. Which of the following does NOT state when and why a summary is
done?
A. to highlight the main point
B. to present the overview of the whole text
C. to be more economical or to save the time of the readers
D. to claim ownership of the text
5. Which of the following is a good summary of the text, “Stoltz and
Fischhhel (2003) examined parental interventions when their children
encountered difficulties in the text and concluded that meaningful
feedback came from parents of less skilled readers than parents of
better readers.” (Lee, 2011)
A. Lee (2011) studied parents’ reading practices.
B. Lee (2011) found in her study of parents’ reading practice that the
majority of the parents seldom read to their children.
C. Stoltz and Fischhhel (2003) examined parental interventions when
their children encountered difficulties in the text.
D. Stoltz and Fischhhel (2003) concluded that meaningful feedback
came from parents of less skilled readers than parents of better
readers.

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
One effective way of increasing your speed in reading is by finding the
main idea or thesis statement of the text and topic sentence of the
paragraphs.

A thesis statement is the overall idea or argument of your work. It is


a general statement that presents essential points that leads the reader to
the right direction. A thesis statement also often previews the structure of
the rest of the essay in a way that corresponds with the body paragraphs.
Here are some points to consider in writing a thesis statement:
 It is a single statement in the introduction or opening paragraph.
 It must be framed as a declarative sentence.
 It tells the reader what to expect as they read the essay
 It is a clear, concise statement of the position you will defend in
your paper. Note that it is a clearly stated opinion but should not
bluntly announce the opinion.
 The thesis statement should argue a position, not summarize
information.
 It is narrow enough to write a focused essay, but it is also broad
enough to write at least three body paragraphs.
 It should have at least three ideas that will be developed in
succeeding sections of the essay.
 It is NOT a question, a known fact or an announcement.

This time, you will learn the easy steps in writing a thesis statement.
Steps:

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1. Determine the kind of paper. Decide on the most appropriate kind of
paper for your topic and purpose of writing.
 An analytical paper breaks down an issue or an idea into its
component parts, evaluates the issue or idea, and presents this
breakdown and evaluation to the audience.
 An expository (explanatory) paper explains something to the
audience.
 An argumentative paper makes a claim about a topic and justifies
this claim with specific evidence. The claim could be an opinion, a
policy proposal, an evaluation, a cause-and-effect statement, or an
interpretation. The goal of the argumentative paper is to convince
the audience that the claim is true based on the evidence provided.
2. Choose the topic. Make sure that the topic you are writing about is
narrowed down.
Example: General topic: Desserts
Narrowed down topic: Desserts suitable to serve at
parties.
3. State the stance. Tell directly your opinion/claim about the topic.
Example: Vanilla ice cream is the best party dessert.
4. Give the rationale. Provide the reasons which support your stance/
claim.
Example: Vanilla ice cream makes the best party dessert because it is:
a) easily obtainable; b) widely liked; c) and pairs well with other dessert
options.

5. Qualify the stance. Apply limitations of oppositions to the claim.


Example: Although some people prefer chocolate, vanilla ice cream is
the best party dessert.
6. Combine the stance, rationale and qualifications. Put them
together to create a complete thesis statement.
Example: Although some people prefer chocolate, vanilla ice cream is
the best party dessert because it is easily obtainable, widely liked, and
pairs well with other dessert options.
7. Evaluate the thesis. A strong thesis statement is specific, debatable,
unified and relevant.
Specific: A limited, specific topic is easier to discuss because it is more
concrete.
Debatable: A thesis must set forth an assertion or statement that
requires evidence to support it.
Unified: A thesis should express a single, central idea on which the
paper will focus.
Relevant: A thesis should be appropriate to the topic.

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Here is a table that contains suggested structures in drafting the
thesis statement depending on the type of text.

Type Structure Example


Expository _____(statement about the Yoga has many physical benefits
topic) __, such as such as increased flexibility,
__(specific details about the
topic)_. strengthened muscles, and
improved respiration.
Analytical In the play Hamlet, Shakespeare
In ____(title)___, __(author)___ examines the theme of madness
examines (theme/ idea)__. through erratic thoughts and
actions of Hamlet.
Argumentative After examining After examining the
_____(topic)_____, it is clear environmental factors, it is clear
that ____(position/ idea)___ that recycling should be
because __ (reason 1)__, mandatory because it conserves
_(reason 2_, and _(reason 3). natural resources, reduces the
amount of waste in landfills and
incinerators, and decreases
greenhouse gas emissions.

To further understand a thesis statement, let us look at the following


examples.
Thesis statement 1:

“The ASEAN region is a dynamic system because it capitalizes on


cultural diversity, rich resources, and a variety of perspectives.”

This thesis statement contains the main idea that the ASEAN region is
a dynamic system. In order to support this, there are three points that need
elaboration – cultural diversity, resources, and a variety of perspectives.

Thesis statement 2:

“There are several ways for college students to improve their study
habits.” These are a few ideas of how college students can improve
their study:
 Study in a quiet environment.
 Pay attention in class.
 Manage their time well.

Each of these three ideas can become a topic sentence. This means
that for each idea, there will be a paragraph that explains it.
At this point, you should be able to distinguish a topic sentence from
a thesis statement. A topic sentence contains the main idea of the
paragraph while the thesis statement contains the main idea of the
whole text.
Look at the following chart to see how the thesis statement and topic
sentences are connected.

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Thesis Statement  The thesis statement is
the big idea.
Paragraph 1: Topic Sentence Supporting  The three topic sentences
Sentences explain the thesis
statement. Each begins a
new paragraph and tells
Paragraph 2: Topic Sentence Supporting the reader what the
Sentences paragraph will be about.
(smaller reasons)
 The supporting sentences
Paragraph 3: Topic Sentence Supporting explain the topic
Sentences sentence. (small details)

ACTIVITIES
Activity 1: Locating the Topic Sentence
Directions. Organize the following sentences to form a paragraph by
arranging the letters. Then, determine the topic sentence. Write your
answers in the blanks provided.
Item 1
A. Hundreds of thousands of years passed without much change.
B. Today, new technologies are reported daily on television and in
newspapers.
C. Human technology developed from the first stone tools about two and
a half million years ago.
D. In the beginning, the rate of development was slow.
Arrangement: ___________________ Topic Sentence _____
Item 2
A. They send cards to family and friends on birthdays and holidays.
B. Sending cards is very popular in North America.
C. They also send thank-you cards, get well cards, graduation cards, and
congratulation cards.
D. It is very common to buy cards in stores and send them through the
mail, but turning on the computer and sending cards over the Internet
is also popular.
E. North Americans send cards for many occasions.
Arrangement: ___________________ Topic Sentence _____

Activity.2: Writing a Thesis Statement


Directions. Follow the steps and come up with a strong thesis statement.
Topic Growing number of trolls
State your stance

Give the rationale 1.


2.
3.
Qualify the stance

Combine the

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stance, rationale
and qualification

REMEMBER
 A thesis statement is the overall idea or argument of your work. It
often previews the structure of the rest of the essay in a way that
corresponds with the body paragraphs.
 Steps in writing a thesis statement:
o Determine the kind of paper.
o Choose the topic.
o State the stance.
o Give the rationale.
o Qualify the stance.
o Combine the stance, rationale and qualifications.
o Evaluate the thesis.
 Structures of thesis statement based on the type of the essay:
o Expository: ___(statement about the topic) __, such as __(specific details about
the topic)_ .
o Analytical: In ____(title)___, __(author)___ examines (theme/ idea)__.
o Argumentative: After examining _____(topic)_____, it is clear that
____(position/ idea)___ because __ (reason 1)__, _(reason 2_, and _(reason 3).
 A strong thesis statement is specific, debatable, unified and relevant.
 A topic sentence contains the main idea of the paragraph while the
thesis statement contains the main idea of the whole text.

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING


Directions. Read the text below and supply the details being asked.
Millions of people in the United States are affected by eating disorders.
More than 90% of those afflicted are adolescents or young adult women.
Although all eating disorders share some common manifestations, anorexia
nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating each have distinctive symptoms
and risks.
People who intentionally starve themselves (even while experiencing
severe hunger pains) suffer from anorexia nervosa. The disorder, which
usually begins around the time of puberty, involves extreme weight loss to at
least 15% below the individual’s normal body weight. Many people with the
disorder look emaciated but are convinced they are overweight. In patients
with anorexia nervosa, starvation can damage vital organs such as the heart
and brain. Anorexia nervosa sufferers can exhibit sudden angry outbursts
or become socially withdrawn. One in ten cases of anorexia nervosa leads to
death from starvation, cardiac arrest, other medical complications, or

8
suicide. Clinical depression and anxiety place many individuals with eating
disorders at risk for suicidal behavior.
People with bulimia nervosa consume large amounts of food and then
rid their bodies of the excess calories by vomiting, abusing laxatives or
diuretics, taking enemas, or exercising obsessively. Some use a combination
of all these forms of purging. Individuals with bulimia who use drugs to
stimulate vomiting, bowel movements, or urination may be in considerable
danger, as this practice increases the risk of heart failure. Dieting heavily
between episodes of binging and purging is common. In rare instances,
binge eating causes the stomach to rupture; purging may result in heart
failure due to loss of vital minerals such as potassium. Vomiting can cause
the esophagus to become inflamed and glands near the cheeks to become
swollen. As in anorexia nervosa, bulimia may lead to irregular menstrual
periods. Psychological effects include compulsive stealing as well as possible
indications of obsessive-compulsive disorder, an illness characterized by
repetitive thoughts and behaviors. The condition occurs most often in
women but is also found in men.
Finally, individuals with binge-eating disorder feel that they lose
control of themselves when eating. Binge-eating disorder is found in about
2% of the general population. As many as one-third of this group are men. It
also affects older women, though with less frequency. Recent research
shows that binge-eating disorder occurs in about 30% of people
participating in medically supervised weight-control programs. This disorder
differs from bulimia because its sufferers do not purge. They eat large
quantities of food and do not stop until they are uncomfortably full. Most
sufferers are overweight or obese and have a history of weight fluctuations.
As a result, they are prone to the serious medical problems associated with
obesity, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Obese
individuals also have a higher risk for gallbladder disease, heart disease,
and some types of cancer. Usually they have more difficulty losing weight
and keeping it off than do people with other serious weight problems. Like
anorexic and bulimic sufferers who exhibit psychological problems,
individuals with binge-eating disorder have high rates of simultaneously
occurring psychiatric illnesses, especially depression.
Source: http://maxec.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/6/4/9964524/501_reading_comprehension_practice.pdf

Thesis Statement:

State your stance


Give the rationale
Qualify stance
Topic Sentence 1:

Topic Sentence 2:

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Topic Sentence 3:

POST TEST
I. Directions. Choose the best thesis statement from each set of sentences.
1 A. Although many varieties of beans belong in a healthy diet, among
the most nutritious are black beans, kidney beans, chickpeas,
and pinto beans.
B. The most nutritious beans are black beans, kidney beans,
chickpeas, and pinto beans.
C. Although beans are generally good for you, some kinds of raw beans
can be dangerous if they are not well cooked.
2 A. Both chefs and cooks prepare meals but are different in several
ways.
B. Although both chefs and cooks can prepare fine meals, chefs differ
from cooks in education, professional commitment, and artistry.
C. A career in the culinary arts is a good choice for many reasons.
3 A. Drug and alcohol addiction is a major problem in the world today,
and many people suffer from it.
B. Addiction to gadgets cause various problems in the society.
C. Like other addictive behaviors, internet addiction may have serious
negative consequences, including academic failure, job loss, and a
breakdown in personal relationships.
4 A. Violent video games are harmful to young people, and it should be
stopped.
B. Violent video games are harmful for young people to play because it
promotes a sedentary lifestyle, encourages violence, and can cause
children to become desensitized to death.
C. Violent video games are harmful for young people because they
should be reading a book.
5 A. Automated elections should be improved due to the cheating cases.
B. Although automated elections need improvement, we have to be
honest.
C. Automated elections should be improved to minimize fraud, facilitate
faster turnout, and maximize voter participation.
II. Directions. Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
6. Which topic sentence DOES NOT belong with the thesis below?
The best kind of pet is a cat because they are friendly, low
maintenance, and have great personalities.
A. First, cats are affectionate creatures.
B. Next, cats are inexpensive.
C. In addition, it is not hard to take care of a cat.
D. Finally, every cat has a unique personality.

10
7. Which topic sentence DOES NOT belong with the thesis below?
Schools should start later in the day because it would allow for more
sleep, aid efforts at better nutrition, and be more convenient for both
students and parents.
A. To begin, if school started later, it would also get out later.
B. Also, teens would be able to sleep in longer and feel more rested for
the start of the day.
C. Furthermore, it will be easier to eat a healthy breakfast if there is
more time to do so.
D. Most importantly, a later start time would be easier for parents and
students to plan around.
8. Which topic sentence DOES NOT belong with the thesis below?
Although there are those who claim otherwise, sports are not overrated
because they keep people active, provide entertainment, and instill
valuable life lessons in those that play them.
A. To begin with, sports can be an important part of an active
lifestyle.
B. Next, sports teams help build a sense of community and pride in a
school.
C. Moreover, even if you aren't playing a sport, it is relatively cheap
entertainment to watch.
D. Finally, the learning is fun.
9. In the thesis statement, “Although both chefs and cooks can prepare
fine meals, chefs differ from cooks in education, professional
commitment, and artistry”, what step is represented by the underlined
phrase?
A. Choose the topic. C. Give the rationale.
B. State the stance. D. Qualify the stance.
10. What do you call the phrase, “education, professional commitment,
and artistry”?
A. topic C. rationale
B. stance D. qualification

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REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET No. 4
Lesson 1: Thesis Statement
Directions: Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by
completing the chart below.

I thought…
What were your thoughts or
ideas about thesis statement
prior to the discussion of this
lesson?

I learned
What new or additional ideas that…
did you learn after taking up
this lesson?

12
REFERENCES
Barrot, J. & Sipacio P. (2016). Communicate Today: English for Academic
and Professional Purposes. Manila: C & E Publishing
Learning Express. 501 Reading Comprehension. Retrieved
http://maxec.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/6/4/9964524/501_reading_c
omprehension_practice.pdf
Purdue Online Writing Lab. (2020). Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis
Statements. Retrieved
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/the_writing_process/the
sis_statement_tips.html
Quizizz. Retrieved
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/58bea9558741023318b45a3e/thesi
s-statements

Acknowledgements

Writer: Romalyn A. Rizardo, Master Teacher II


Editor: Ross Marie Ann B. Gomez, Master Teacher II
Reviewer: Vicente M. Victorio, Education Program Supervisor
Management Team: Maria Magdalena M. Lim-Schools Division
Superintendent-Manila, Aida H. Rondilla-Chief Education Supervisor
Lucky S. Carpio-EPS and Lady Hannah C Gillo, Librarian II-LRMS

13
14
POST TEST
1. a 2. b 3. c 4. b 5. c
6. b 7. a 8. d 9. d 10. c
PRE-TEST
1. c 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. c
6. b 7. c 8. c 9. d 10. a
KEY ANSWERS

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