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    Acfrogasphivh-Xtfhfpduf9lboveax C F2-2hhardm - Fuja64eufnscgzylrzuq6buogp7smhqrx5gxz9es70bkuih2 TJ Ws6cvoavzh 4 Kwdqenvbguq6g5dfpy5ig2ou3yw58utcqdtek

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    EVEisFun
    The document provides an overview of the eukaryotic cell cycle and its relationship to cancer. It describes the four main phases of the cell cycle: G1 phase where the cell grows, S phase where DNA is replicated, G2 phase where the cell grows more, and M phase where mitosis occurs and the cell divides. Cancer occurs when cell cycle regulators like proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are mutated, causing cells to divide uncontrollably. Proto-oncogenes normally stimulate the cell cycle while tumor suppressor genes normally inhibit it.

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    Acfrogasphivh-Xtfhfpduf9lboveax C F2-2hhardm - Fuja64eufnscgzylrzuq6buogp7smhqrx5gxz9es70bkuih2 TJ Ws6cvoavzh 4 Kwdqenvbguq6g5dfpy5ig2ou3yw58utcqdtek

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    EVEisFun
    287 views3 pages
    The document provides an overview of the eukaryotic cell cycle and its relationship to cancer. It describes the four main phases of the cell cycle: G1 phase where the cell grows, S phase where DNA is replicated, G2 phase where the cell grows more, and M phase where mitosis occurs and the cell divides. Cancer occurs when cell cycle regulators like proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are mutated, causing cells to divide uncontrollably. Proto-oncogenes normally stimulate the cell cycle while tumor suppressor genes normally inhibit it.

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    The document provides an overview of the eukaryotic cell cycle and its relationship to cancer. It describes the four main phases of the cell cycle: G1 phase where the cell grows, S phase where DNA is replicated, G2 phase where the cell grows more, and M phase where mitosis occurs and the cell divides. Cancer occurs when cell cycle regulators like proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are mutated, causing cells to divide uncontrollably. Proto-oncogenes normally stimulate the cell cycle while tumor suppressor genes normally inhibit it.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    287 views3 pages

    Acfrogasphivh-Xtfhfpduf9lboveax C F2-2hhardm - Fuja64eufnscgzylrzuq6buogp7smhqrx5gxz9es70bkuih2 TJ Ws6cvoavzh 4 Kwdqenvbguq6g5dfpy5ig2ou3yw58utcqdtek

    Uploaded by

    EVEisFun
    The document provides an overview of the eukaryotic cell cycle and its relationship to cancer. It describes the four main phases of the cell cycle: G1 phase where the cell grows, S phase where DNA is replicated, G2 phase where the cell grows more, and M phase where mitosis occurs and the cell divides. Cancer occurs when cell cycle regulators like proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are mutated, causing cells to divide uncontrollably. Proto-oncogenes normally stimulate the cell cycle while tumor suppressor genes normally inhibit it.

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    of 3

    The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Cancer

    Overview Click & Learn


    Student Worksheet

    INTRODUCTION
    This handout complements the Click & Learn The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Cancer and is intended as a
    straightforward introduction to the cell cycle and how it relates to cancer. For a more comprehensive student
    handout, please see the in-depth version.

    PROCEDURE
    Follow the instructions as you proceed through the Click & Learn and answer the questions in the spaces below.

    Click on the “Background” tab on the right side. Read the information and watch the videos.
    1. Why is cell division important for both single-celled and multicellular organisms?
    Cell division allows single celled organisms to reproduce. It also allows multicellular
    organisms to grow and repair damaged tissue.

    2. Why does cell division remain important to an adult organism even after it is fully developed?
    Cells have a much shorter lifespan compared to the adult organism. The organism needs cell
    division to replace these dead cells.

    3. Cells divide, differentiate, or die. What is differentiation?


    Differentiation is when a cell changes to fit a different function.

    4. What is apoptosis? What is its purpose?


    Apoptosis is programmed cell death, which allows an organism to get rid of cells with
    mutated DNA before it can reproduce and become a tumor.

    5. What are cell cycle regulators?


    Molecules that regulate the cell cycle.

    6. What happens if cell cycle regulators don’t function properly?


    Cancer

    Click on the purple section labeled “Cell Cycle Phases” as well as the words “Mitosis” and “Interphase” to read
    an overview of the cell cycle. You can also click on the various phases.
    7. Cells go through periods of growth and division. Cell division occurs during ____________________.
    Mitosis
    The rest of the cell cycle is called interphase, during which (use the blank below to complete the sentence)
    the cell grows and replicates its DNA in preparation for mitosis.

    Cell Cycle Updated February 2020


    www.BioInteractive.org Page 1 of 3
    Click & Learn
    The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Cancer – Overview Student Worksheet
    8. Fill in the details about what happens during the three phases of interphase labeled in the diagram.
    The cell grows

    The cell replicates its DNA

    The cell grows some more.

    9. In general, what is the purpose of a checkpoint in the cell cycle?


    It make sure that the cell is adequately prepared to proceed with the cell cycle.

    10. What is the G0 phase of the cell cycle?


    a. Which factors determine whether a cell enters G0?
    The size of the cell and whether or not there is enough space for additional cells in that tissue
    sample.

    b. Can cells leave G0?


    Yes

    Click on “Cell Cycle Regulators and Cancer” in the center purple circle. Read the “Regulators Overview” and
    then read through the “Cancer Overview” and watch the videos.
    11. What are cell cycle regulators?
    Molecules that regulate the cell cycle

    a. Stimulating proteins are encoded by ______________________________________.


    DNA

    Examples include: _____________________________________________________


    proto-oncogenes

    b. Inhibitory proteins are encoded by ________________________________________.


    DNA

    Examples include: _____________________________________________________


    tumor suppression genes
    Cell Cycle Updated February 2020
    www.BioInteractive.org Page 2 of 3
    Click & Learn
    The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Cancer – Overview Student Worksheet
    12. Cancer is the result of an improperly regulated cell cycle. Describe two reasons why cells can form tumors.
    Stimulating proteins are turned on, causing cells to divide rapidly
    Inhibitory proteins are turned off, allowing cells to proceed rapidly through the cell cycle

    13. In some types of colon cancer, stem cells have a mutation in the APC gene. What happens if the APC gene is
    mutated?
    The chromosomes will not be properly separated

    14. Normally, proto-oncogenes stimulate the cell cycle. What are oncogenes and how do they affect the cell
    cycle?
    They promote cell division

    a. To cause cancer, proto-oncogenes require _________


    two allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are
    considered ______________________ . The mutation results in a ________
    recessive spike of function.
    15. Normally, tumor suppressor genes inhibit the cell cycle. How do mutated tumor suppressor genes affect the
    cell cycle?
    The cell will proceed through the cell cycle rapidly.

    a. To cause cancer, tumor suppressor genes require __________


    an allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are
    considered ______________________ . The mutation results in a ________
    dominant decrease of function.

    Cell Cycle Updated February 2020


    www.BioInteractive.org Page 3 of 3

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