Teknologi dan Aplikasi Artificial

Intelligence
Review Materi Pertemuan 1:
1. Apakah sudah meng-install Python?
• Buka CMD
• Ketikkan python, lihat python versi berapa?
2. Apakah sudah meng-install Jupyter Notebook?
Buka CMD, ketikkan:
jupyter notebook atau py –m notebook
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, IS IT A HYPE?

Image Processing

Text Processing

Speech Processing
Arahan Teknologi Artificial Intelligence di Indonesia
AI as Disruptive Technology

• Jobs replaced by Artificial Intelligence

technology are the repetitive one
and can be easily predicted. Most
of AI Technology aims to help human
work
• Industry in Indonesia has started to
use AI technology to reduce cost,
increase revenue, giving added
value to product
 Definisi Artificial Intelligence
Thinking Humanly Thinking Rationally

“The exciting new effort to make computers “The study of mental faculties through
think.. Machines with minds, in the full and the use of computational models.”
literal sense” (Haugeland, 1985) “[The (Charniak and McDermott, 1985) “The
automation of] activities that we associate study of the computations that make it
with human thinking, activities such as possible to perceive, reason, and act.”
decision making, problem solving, learning (Winston, 1992)
…” (Bellman, 1978)
Acting Humanly Acting Rationally

“The art of creating machines that perform “Computational Intelligence is the study
functions that require intelligence when of the design of intelligent agents.”
performed by people.” (Kurzweil, 1990) (poole et al., 1998) “AI .. Is concerned
“The study of how to make computers do with intelligent behavior in artifacts.”
things at which, at the moment, people are (Nilsson, 1998)
better.” (Rich and Knight, 1991)
 Intelligent Agent

Merancang PEAS:
• Performance/ Pengukuran
performansi: aman, cepat, tidak
melanggar aturan lalu lintas,
kenyamanan penumpang
• Environment/ Lingkungan:
jalan, rambu-rambu lalu lintas,
kendaraan lain, penumpang
• Actuator: kemudi, gas, rem,
klakson
• Sensor: kamera, sonar,
speedometer, GPS
 Pembagian Jenis Teknologi Artificial Intelligence (1)
Berdasarkan task scope:
• Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) – weak AI: teknologi AI yang
ditujukan untuk melakukan satu task khusus
Contoh: chatbot pemesanan tiket pesawat, klasifikasi jenis penyakit
kulit
• Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) – strong AI: teknologi AI yang
bisa menangani semua task yang dilakukan manusia
 Pembagian Jenis Teknologi Artificial Intelligence (2)
Berdasarkan domain persoalan:
• Teknologi AI juga dapat dibagi menjadi cabang-cabang domain
persoalan yang diselesaikan, contohnya: Natural language
processing (input/output berupa Bahasa), Speech Processing (input/
output berupa sinyal suara), Image Processing/Computer Vision
(input/output berupa gambar)
 Pembagian Jenis Teknologi Artificial Intelligence (3)

Berdasarkan prinsip kerja dalam teknologi AI:

• Problem solving agent
 Solution state space sudah terdefinisi, agent bertugas mencari
solusi terbaik dari solution state space tersebut
 Diselesaikan menggunakan searching algorithm

• Knowledge based agent

 Solution state space belum terdefinisi (non deterministic)
 Agent mencari solusi berdasar knowledge yang dimiliki dimana
knowledge dapat berasal dari expert/sumber informasi atau
berdasar knowledge yang dipelajari (learning agent) dari data
Contoh Persoalan pada Knowledge Based Agent
 Knowledge Based System vs Conventional Program

KBS CP
ill structured problem (uncertain well structured problem (exact/
solution, undefined goal, certain solution, explicit goal,
unknown operator) explicit operator)
expert determine actions, but ex programmer determines actions
ecution order by interpreter and execution order
problem solving method + algorithm + data
domain knowledge + data
 Learning Type

Unsupervised Learning (no feedback)

Given set of examples without label, detect
potentially useful clusters of input example
s, e.g: customer clustering

Supervised Learning
Given set of examples (input-output pairs),
learns a function that maps from input to
output, e.g: object classification

Reinforcement Learning
Agent learns from a series of reinforcements
(rewards or punishments)
Sumber: https://www.freecodecamp.org/
Perkembangan Teknologi AI
Penerapan AI: Monitoring
Penerapan AI: Verification & Identification
Penerapan AI: Document Digitization
Penerapan AI: Meeting analytics
 Tantangan dalam Perkembangan AI

• Regulasi
 Pengaturan etika dan pemakaian AI yang lebih bertanggung-
jawab
• Privasi
 Terkait dengan penggunaan data yang dipakai untuk
pembangunan model AI
• Kurangnya penjelasan
 Bagaimana model AI sampai pada suatu keputusan/
kesimpulan tertentu (terkait dengan akuntabilitas dan trust)
• Ketersediaan data
 Sejauh mana data yang dipakai cukup representative dan
tidak bias
• Kurangnya Talenta
Referensi Video

1. Introduction AI:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9vDgPotU-4
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfmM5-d0Zh0
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfEOoAlArXw
2. Intelligent Agent:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XqAUPrLu8_s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehXgvsl8i_I
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=btffOHgYsBc
3. Introduction to Knowledge based Agent:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P2DVmc4Zf7I
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VhKPNctwInw&t=338s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7iZWC_NtegM
Tugas Harian 1

1. Rancanglah sebuah Intelligent Agent untuk robot pembersih

ruangan dengan mengisikan informasi di bawah ini:
• Performance indicator: …
• Environment: …
• Actuator: …
• Sensor: ...
2. Rancanglah sebuah ide teknologi AI yang dapat bermanfaat
di masa pandemi. Tuliskan deskripsi dari teknologi tersebut
dan tuliskan jenis teknik manakah (searching, knowledge,
atau learning) yang digunakan untuk membangun teknologi
tsb, jelaskan alasannya!
Terima Kasih
PRODI ILKOM UNIMED 2021