UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL Dept of Electronics and Communication Engineering College of Engineering Semester II Academic Year 2007/2008 COURSE

CODE: EEEB141 SECTION: 05 COURSE INSTRUCTOR: MISS NOR IZA RAWI TITLE: ORGANIZATION, FORM, NEATNESS PROJECT NO.: LAB 8 DATE:02/03/2009 TIME:5-8pm MARKS

Times New Roman font 12pt Single/ 1.5 Spacing A4 Paper Single side printing Organization:- Cover page, Purpose/Objective Results Discussion, Conclusion

/3 OBJECTIVE/PURPOSE:

/1.5 PROCEDURE: /3 RESULTS: /9 DISCUSSION:

/12 EQUIPMENT LIST: /1.5 INSTRUCTOR COMMENTS: TOTAL /30 STUDENT NAME: S.R. ASHOK GROUP MEMBER: LIM WEI LIANG STUDENT ID: EE08160 STUDENT ID: EE081560

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Purpose/Objectives: 1) In this experiment, we aim to learn about the function of the multiplexers and the demultiplexers. 2) And also learn to configure a 555 IC to produce a waveform or a clock signal. 3) To experiment building digital subsystem from combining together different MSI logic ICs. Equipments:
y y y y y y

IDL800 digital experiment 74151, 74138, 7493 555 Timer Resistor: 820 x3, 33k Capacitor:0.01F Potentiometer 1M

Procedure 1) The circuit like figure 8.5 is constructed.

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2) At fi t t ti ci cuit i const uct by using t TTL 493 IC chi by using the resistor and capacitor value calculated in the pre -lab.

The ti er is buil

3) After the ti er is finished, we proceed to constructed the multiplexer and demultiplexer by using the 151 and 138 IC chips. We used the information in appendix C in our log book to complete the circuits. The circuit is build similar as the figure. 4) The MUX is connected to the doors. The timer is than connected to the MUX by the correct pins. The MUX is than connected to the DEMUX. The DEMUX is than connected to the output LEDs. 5) The output is monitored and any troubleshooting is done.

Results

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Discussion In this experiment, we were able to configure a 555 Timer, a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, and a Modulo-8 counter. The circuit, which is a security monitoring system consisting of all those ICs, was built as shown in the figure above. We build the circuit by stages to minimize errors and to make troubleshooting easy in case we encountered some problems. First, we started with the 555 timer. It is a TTL compatible device that can operate in several different modes. In this circuit the timer is used to give clock signals to the Modulo-8 counter. We used the formulas given in the lab manual to calculate the resistor values, the frequency, and the duty cycle, as done in the prelab exercises. sing the values obtained from the prelab exercise, we referred to the 555 timer circuit figure and built according to it. The pin connections are checked and compared with the figure from the lab manual so that we would not make any mistake in connecting them. Once we were done with the 555 timer, we moved on to the Modulo-8 counter. The Modulo-n counter can perform counting from 0-(1-n). In this experiment, the Modulo-8 counter will count from 0-7. We used our knowledge from the previous experiment, where we built Modulo-7, 10, 11 and 14 counters to build the Modulo-8 counter. We referred to the figures from the previous lab experiment and also the ones provided in the lab manual to ensure that the pin connections were correct. With the Modulo-8 counter done, we moved on to configure the multiplexer (M ). A multiplexer is a logic block that steers selected input data to its output. In this experiment we used the 74LS151 8-input M chip. This chip enables one of the eight possible data inputs for the data output. We started with the inputs from switches, which were  and then to inputs from the Modulo-8 counter. To connect this chip to the inputs and the Modulo8 counter, we had to refer to the figure in the lab manual. This is to ensure all inputs were connected correctly and also so that the entire circuit would work. Lastly, we configured the demultiplexer chip (DEM ). The demultiplexer is also a data distributor since it can send data to several destinations, or outputs. The chip used is the 74LS138 chip. By combining this chip with the multiplexer and Modulo-8 counter, we were able to complete the circuit. The single input received from the multiplexer is then connected to the demultiplexer to distribute it to 8 outputs, which are LED 0-7. We followed the same procedure when connecting this chip to the circuit as all the previous chips in this experiment, which is to refer to the figure and compare the pins to their respective inputs and outputs. In during the experiment, we ran into some problems. The LEDs did not blink accordingly, and some did not even blink. This might be due to a few reasons. It might be a faulty 555 Timer chip, incorrect resistor values, or a faulty circuit board. However with some troubleshooting and some help from the lab instructor, we were able to achieve the results that we wanted.

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Conclusion In conclusion, we have managed to achieve the objectives of this experiment. We have learned the functions of multiplexers and demultiplexers in the circuit. The multiplexer functions as a collector to collect all the inputs and steer it to a single output. While the demultiplexer gets a single output and distributes them to various outputs. This configuration is ideal for this circuit, which is to monitor several inputs and display the outputs for each input. We have also learned to configure a 555 Timer IC to produce a waveform or a clock signal. In this experiment we configured the 555 Timer to produce clock signals for the Modulo-8 counter. While conducting this experiment, we too have gained the experience of building a digital subsystem from combining together different MSI logic ICs.

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