JANUARY 2022 CONFIDENTIAL

UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

FINAL EXAMINATION
JANUARY 2022 SEMESTER

COURSE CODE : INB12604

COURSE NAME : NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS

PROGRAMME NAME : BACHELOR OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

(FOR MPU: PROGRAMME LEVEL) (NETWORKING SYSTEMS) WITH HONOURS
BACHELOR OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
(COMPUTER SYSTEMS) WITH HONOURS
BACHELOR OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
(NETWORKING SYSTEMS) WITH HONOURS
BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (HONS) IN
COMPUTER SYSTEM SECURITY

DATE : 15 JUNE 2022

TIME : 09.00 AM – 11.00 AM

DURATION : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. Please CAREFULLY read the instructions given in the question paper.
2. This question paper has information printed on both sides of the paper.
3. This question paper consists of TWO (2) sections; Section A and Section B.
4. Answer ALL questions in Section A. For Section B, answer THREE (3) questions ONLY.
5. Please write ALL answers on blank papers. Scan/snapshot your answers to be uploaded onto
VLE. Submission MUST be in PDF format.
6. Use English language ONLY.

THERE ARE 11 PAGES OF QUESTIONS, EXCLUDING THIS PAGE.

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SECTION B (Total: 60 marks)

INSTRUCTION: Answer THREE (3) questions only.

Please write the answers on blank documents.

Question 1

The Open System Interconnection (OSI) and Transmission Control Protocol / Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP) standards are implemented in networking to standardize the process of
data transmission and reception.

(a) List SEVEN [7] Open System Interconnection (OSI) layers.

(7 marks)
1. Physical
2. Application
3. Presentation
4. Data Link
5. Session
6. Network
7. Transport

(b) Explain the purpose of the physical layer in TCP/IP standard.

(3 marks)

Physical layer in TCP/IP standard is for data transmission dan reception. The
physical layer transmits data after receiving it through various transmission modes.
Beside that, it is for topology and physical network design. Various hardware-related
network design issues such as LAN and WAN topology are also considered as a part
of the physical layer.

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(c) List all THREE [3] basic forms of physical layer media. Provide ONE [1] example of
usage of each media.

(6 marks)
1. Fiber Optic cable
- For Internet. The fiber optic cable transmits a large amount of data in a short
time.

2. Copper Cable
- As an electrical wires. Copper cable is suitable for wiring systems in various of
electric applications.

3. Wireless Technologies
- For the communication between the devices.

(d) Compare between OSI and TCP/IP model.

(4 marks)

OSI TCP/IP
Has 4 layers Has 7 layers

The data link and physical are separate Combination of physical and data link in a
layers. single host-to-network layer.
The size of header is 5 bytes. The size of header is 20 bytes.

Refers to Open Systems Interconnection. Refers to Transmission Control Protocol.

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Question 2

Figure 1 shows the equivalent between decimal, binary and hexadecimal values. Using any
preferred method, answer the following questions.

Figure 1: The equivalent values of decimal, binary and hexadecimal

(a) Convert 11000000 10101000 00001011 00001010 to decimal.

(8 marks)
1) 11000000
(1x2^7) + (1x2^6) + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0
=192

2) 10101000
(1x2^7) + 0 + (1x2^5) + 0 + (1x2^3) + 0 + 0 + 0
=168

3) 00001011
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + (1x2^3) + 0 + (1x2^1) + (1x2^0)
=11

4) 00001010
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + (1x2^3) + 0 + (1x2^1) + 0
=10
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(b) Convert IPv4 address 172.16.31.30 to binary.

(8 marks)
2 172 0
86 0
43 1
21 1
10 1
5 1
2 0
1 1
0

= 10101100

2 16 0
8 0
4 0
2 0
1 1
0

= 00010000

2 31 1
15 1
7 1
3 1
1 1
0

= 11111

2 30 0
15 1

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1 FUNDAMENTALS Page 1 of 11
3 1
1 1
0
 JANUARY 2022 CONFIDENTIAL

= 1111

(c) Convert D2 to decimal.

(4 marks)
1. D2

(13x16^1) + (2x16^0)
=210

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Question 3

Transport layer protocols specify how to transfer messages between hosts. The transport
layer includes the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
Questions below are related to the protocol. Answer all.

(a) For each of the transport layer protocols, explain THREE [3] properties that
differentiate one protocol to the other.
(12 marks)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

Based on connection-oriented, the Connectionless protocol setup, the data

connection must be established prior to is sent without any requirements.
the transmission.

A little bit slower in term of connection Much bit faster that TCP.
speed.

Retransmission of lost packets is There is no retransmission of lost

possible in TCP. packets in UDP.

(b) Give ONE [1] example of application protocols for each of the transport layer
protocol.
(4 marks)
1. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
- Text Communication. TCP is used in Text Communication due to its reliable
transmission, error control in receiving of the data.

2. User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

- Video Coferencing. Video Conferencing apps such as Gmeet, Microsoft Teams
and Zoom are all using UDP due to the fact that they are real-time applications.

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(c) Jarjit is playing an online game with 4 other players. Select the suitable transport
layer protocol for this purpose and provide reasoning for your selection.
(2 marks)

- Jarjit is using User Datagram Protocol (UDP) because it is much faster in term of
speed since any amount of delay cannot be tolerated in online games.

(d) Ehsan is executing backup data transfer from COMB Bank branch in Penang to
the
HQ in Kuala Lumpur. Select the suitable transport layer protocol for this purpose
and provide reasoning for your selection.
(2 marks)

- Ehsan is using Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) because it is more secure if

packet is lost since retransmission of lost packets is possible in TCP.

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Question 4

The internetsociety.org defines IPv6 as the next generation Internet Protocol (IP) standard
intended to eventually replace IPv4, the protocol many Internet services still use today.
Questions below are related to the above statement. Answer all.

(a) Explain FOUR [4] benefits of IPv6 implementation.

(8 marks)

(b) During the transition period from IPv4 to IPv6, both IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist to
smoothen the migration process. Describe THREE [3] categories of migration
technique.

(9 marks)

(c) IPv6 has a 128-bit address space, where it is commonly represented in 32

hexadecimal digits. Compress the IPv6 addresses in table below by applying the two
IPv6 rules.

Table 1: IPv6 Address Compression

Preferred IPv6 Address Compressed IPv6 Address

i 2323 : 0def : 0000 : 1111 :
0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0200
ii fe80 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 :
0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0001
iii 1234 : abcd : 01ab : 23cd :
45ef : 6700 : 0890 : 0000
(3 marks)

END OF EXAMINATION PAPER

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