Name Engineering Standard Number: Cummins Confidential

Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name CHARACTERISTICS,CLASSIFICATION OF
ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

Identifier
(GENERAL)
Abstract
This specification establishes and defines the symbols which are used in classifying characteristics
on Cummins Product Specification documents.
Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

202023-039 008 Page 1 of 13
CUMMINS CONFIDENTIAL
This document (and the information shown thereon) is CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY and shall not be disclosed to others in hard copy
or electronic form, reproduced by any means, or used for any purpose without written consent of Cummins Inc.
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
Table of Contents
Heading Page Number
Abstract .....................................................................................................................................1
Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................2
1. Scope....................................................................................................................................3
2. Applicable Documents.........................................................................................................3
3. Definitions............................................................................................................................3
4. Practice.................................................................................................................................6
4.1. CES 10059 Placement on Drawings ............................................................................7
4.2. Classification of Characteristic Symbol Placement on Drawings ...............................7
Figure 1: Symbol Placement................................................................................................7
Figure 2: Incorrect Symbol Placement ................................................................................8
4.3. High and Low Tolerance Limits ..................................................................................9
Figure 3: One-Sided Tolerances ..........................................................................................9
Figure 4: Incorrect Placement............................................................................................10
Appendix A: Figures................................................................................................................11
Figure A1: Examples Using Millimeter Dimensions ........................................................11
Figure A2: Examples Using Inch Dimensions ..................................................................12
Figure A3: Examples of Pass Through Symbol Placement ...............................................13

202023-039 008 Page 2 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
1. Scope
This specification establishes and identifies the physical attributes of the symbols which are used
in classifying characteristics on Cummins Product Specification documents.
This standard applies to all personnel who create or maintain engineering part drawings controlled
by the Cummins Product Release System.
This standard shall be implemented in accordance with CES 99600 section titled “Order of
Standards Application”.
2. Applicable Documents
Applicable documents listed below may be obtained from the respective organizations listed in
CES 10054, Standards Organizations Addresses.
a. CES 10054, Standards Organizations Addresses

b. CES 10056, Glossary
c. CES 10099, Characteristics, Safety -Critical
d. CES 18287, Barcode Labeling and Direct Part Marking
e. CES 99112, Review, Design Quality
f. CES 99600, Practices, Corporate Product Release System
g. CORP-01-04-00-00, Classification of Characteristics
h. CORP-01-06-05-00, Safety-Critical Characteristics
3. Definitions
Terms used in this standard that have a general definition for usage in Cummins Engineering
Standards are defined in CES 10056, Glossary. Classification of Characteristic terms, symbols,
and nomenclature are defined within this document.
3.1. Classification of Characteristics, Key Instruction and Pass Through

Characteristic Symbols
A series of unique symbols have been established to classify characteristics and key instructions of
Cummins products and specifications to assure a consistently high level of product quality.

202023-039 008 Page 3 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
3.1.1. Classes of Characteristics

There are four classes of characteristics for Cummins products and specifications. They are
identified as Safety-Critical, Critical, Major, and Minor. Component variations that will result in
significant functional effects are denoted by the “Safety-Critical” or “Critical” classification and
those with lesser effects are denoted (in decreasing order) by “Major” and “Minor” classifications.
The symbol for each of these classifications along with their definition is as follows:
3.1.1.1. Critical
A critical characteristic shall be designated by a filled circle 6 millimeters in diameter ( ).

Critical characteristics are those where, if the values are not met, there are significant functional
effects. Examples may include, but not limited to:
a. Certain operating failure

b. Certain significant performance loss
3.1.1.2. Safety-Critical
A safety-critical characteristic shall be designated by an uppercase bold “S” inside an inverted

equilateral triangle that is 6 millimeters high.( )
Safety-critical characteristics are those which satisfy one or more criteria within
CORP-01-06-05-00.
Items containing safety-critical characteristics shall have CES 18287 (or applicable traceability
standard) placed on the drawing.
For the specifics of the symbol’s application refer to CES 10099.

202023-039 008 Page 4 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
3.1.1.3. Major
A major characteristic shall be designated by a circle 6 millimeters in diameter which has the left
half filled ( ). Major characteristics are those where, if the values are not met, there are
functional effects that are less significant than those of a critical classification. Examples may
include, but not limited to:
a. High probability of operating failure

b. High probability of significant performance loss
c. Certain disruption of production
d. Certain excessive cost of repair
3.1.1.4. Minor
Minor characteristics have no unique symbol. Minor classification exists only as a general class to
describe characteristics which are not as significant as Critical and Major characteristics. However,
their dimensional requirements shall still be met.
3.1.2. Classes of Instructions
There are two classes of instructions for Cummins products and specifications. They are identified
as key instructions or general instructions. These classes of instructions are defined as follows.
3.1.2.1. General Instructions
A general instruction has no unique symbol. If the instruction (ex. note, action item, attribute, etc.)
is not followed precisely, it will have a lesser impact on function than if it were a Key instruction.
However, the requirement shall still be met.
3.1.2.2. Key Instructions
A key instruction symbol shall be designated by a filled equilateral triangle ( ) that is

6 millimeters high. Key instructions are procedures or processes which have no toleranced values
which shall be met; but, if they are not followed precisely, it would be detrimental to the product.

202023-039 008 Page 5 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
3.1.3. Pass Through Characteristic
A Pass Through Characteristic shall be designated by an uppercase “P” inside an equilateral

triangle that is 6 millimeters high.( )
Pass Through Characteristic (PTC) is the characteristic that affects form, fit or function for all
processes and products at Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). The Advanced Product
Quality Planning Engineer or Product/Design Engineer should document the list of customer touch
points and functions for manufacturing and purchasing to utilize when developing cost/quotes.
These are part characteristics which are not controlled or functionally tested in the Cummins
assembly process where any issue would first be discovered by a customer.
3.1.3.1. Classification of PTCs:
a. PTCs that affect form/fit of the product (engine).

Examples are all customer touch points such as a threaded hole used for transmission mounting,
harness connectors for OEM sensors, coolant and fuel plumbing connections, belt surfaces, etc.
b. PTCs that affect function of the product (engine).

Examples are electrical circuit and electro-magnetic features on solder joints, coils (resulting in
fault code at OEM), coolant fitting drill features (resulting in leaks at OEM), etc.
Note: If a Pass Through Characteristic is already identified as a critical or major characteristic on

the current drawing (with appropriate C of C symbol) then a PTC symbol is not required. i.e. Do
not combine a Major/Critical symbol and a PTC symbol on the same characteristic (dimension).
For example See Figure A3: Examples of Pass Through Symbol Placement on page 13.
4. Practice
Classification of Characteristics is intended to serve as a guide for the development of process
quality plans, not to relieve suppliers of responsibility to produce to specifications.
Classification of Characteristics shall be reviewed per the timeline defined in CORP-01-04-00-00,

as well as during the Drawing Quality Review (DQR) Process per CES 99112.

202023-039 008 Page 6 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
4.1. CES 10059 Placement on Drawings
CES 10059 (i.e., ENGRG. STD. 10059) shall be placed in the Engineering Standards field of the
drawing when a Classification of Characteristics (C of C) review has occurred. If the review
determines that all characteristics are to be classified as Minor, there will be no C of C symbols on
the drawing, but, CES 10059 shall still be placed on the drawing.
4.2. Classification of Characteristic Symbol Placement on Drawings
4.2.1. Symbols shall be placed on the drawing immediately before or after the characteristic
to which the classification applies. Symbols shall be placed to read from the bottom of the drawing.
For example See Figure 1: Symbol Placement on page 7.
(Applies to the “depth tolerance” characteristic.)
(Applies to the “diameter tolerance” characteristic.)
(Applies to the “diameter and depth tolerance” characteristics.)

(Applies to the “diameter tolerance of the continuous feature” characteristic.)
Figure 1: Symbol Placement

202023-039 008 Page 7 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
4.2.2. A C of C symbol applies to only one tolerance at a time. e.g. If a size tolerance and a
depth tolerance are both on the same line with one C of C symbol, the symbol applies to only one
of these tolerances. And it applies to the tolerance to which it is closest.
4.2.3. A C of C symbol shall be placed at the beginning or at the end of a dimension callout,
never within a dimension callout. For example, the following placements are incorrect. See Figure
2: Incorrect Symbol Placement on page 8.
Figure 2: Incorrect Symbol Placement
4.2.4. A C of C symbol may be placed in a note at the end of a leader line if required due to
space limitations.

202023-039 008 Page 8 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
4.3. High and Low Tolerance Limits
4.3.1. When the high and low tolerance limits have different classifications, utilize a high
limit classification symbol or a low limit classification symbol to indicate the tolerance limit to
which the classification applies. See Figure A1: Examples Using Millimeter Dimensions on page
11 and Figure A2: Examples Using Inch Dimensions on page 12.
4.3.1.1. A Critical, Major, or Safety-Critical symbol immediately below a horizontal line

denotes a low limit classification. e.g. , , or .
4.3.1.2. A symbol immediately above a horizontal line denotes a high limit classification. e.g.
, , or .
4.3.2. Low limit classification symbols shall not be applied to one-sided tolerances such as in
Figure 3: One-Sided Tolerances on page 9.
Figure 3: One-Sided Tolerances

202023-039 008 Page 9 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
4.3.3. For example, the following placement is incorrect in Figure 4: Incorrect Placement on page
10.
In these situations the target value is zero and the high limit is a displacement from zero.
Figure 4: Incorrect Placement

202023-039 008 Page 10 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
Appendix A: Figures
Unilateral
0
32 Critical High Limit
- 0.02
+ 0.02
32 Major High Limit
0
Bilateral Unequal + 0.25 Critical High Limit

32
- 0.10 Major Low Limit
Bilateral Equal 32 ± 0.10 Critical High Limit
Figure A1: Examples Using Millimeter Dimensions

202023-039 008 Page 11 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
Appendix A: Figures (Continued)
Unilateral + 0.005
0.500 Major Low Limit
0.000
Bilateral Equal Major High Limit

25° ± 0.2° Critical Low Limit
Critical High Limit

0.500 ± 0.002 Major Low Limit
0.500 ± 0.005 Major Low Limit
Figure A2: Examples Using Inch Dimensions

202023-039 008 Page 12 of 13
Engineering
Standards

Identifier
(GENERAL)
Appendix A: Figures (Continued)
Figure A3: Examples of Pass Through Symbol Placement

202023-039 008 Page 13 of 13

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Engineering

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

Heading Page Number

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

a. CES 10054, Standards Organizations Addresses

3.1. Classification of Characteristics, Key Instruction and Pass Through

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

3.1.1. Classes of Characteristics

A critical characteristic shall be designated by a filled circle 6 millimeters in diameter ( ).

a. Certain operating failure

A safety-critical characteristic shall be designated by an uppercase bold “S” inside an inverted

For the specifics of the symbol’s application refer to CES 10099.

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

a. High probability of operating failure

3.1.2. Classes of Instructions

3.1.2.1. General Instructions

3.1.2.2. Key Instructions

A key instruction symbol shall be designated by a filled equilateral triangle ( ) that is

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

3.1.3. Pass Through Characteristic

A Pass Through Characteristic shall be designated by an uppercase “P” inside an equilateral

3.1.3.1. Classification of PTCs:

a. PTCs that affect form/fit of the product (engine).

b. PTCs that affect function of the product (engine).

Note: If a Pass Through Characteristic is already identified as a critical or major characteristic on

Classification of Characteristics shall be reviewed per the timeline defined in CORP-01-04-00-00,

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

4.1. CES 10059 Placement on Drawings

4.2. Classification of Characteristic Symbol Placement on Drawings

(Applies to the “depth tolerance” characteristic.)

(Applies to the “diameter tolerance” characteristic.)

(Applies to the “diameter and depth tolerance” characteristics.)

Figure 1: Symbol Placement

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

Figure 2: Incorrect Symbol Placement

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

4.3. High and Low Tolerance Limits

4.3.1.1. A Critical, Major, or Safety-Critical symbol immediately below a horizontal line

Figure 3: One-Sided Tolerances

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

Figure 4: Incorrect Placement

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

Bilateral Unequal + 0.25 Critical High Limit

Bilateral Equal 32 ± 0.10 Critical High Limit

Figure A1: Examples Using Millimeter Dimensions

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIFICATION 10059

Appendix A: Figures (Continued)