Class Notes
Bʏ: Sᴀʙᴀʀ Aʟɪ
Iɴᴛʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ & Oᴠᴇʀᴠɪᴇᴡ Oғ Fᴜᴛᴜʀɪsᴛɪᴄ Sʏsᴛᴇᴍ
☔ Sᴇʟғ Hᴇᴀʟɪɴɢ Cᴏɴᴄʀᴇᴛᴇ
Concrete is the single most widely used
construction material in the world. In fact, it is the
second-most consumed substance on Earth, after
water.
Think of all the concrete homes, office buildings,
churches and bridges built each year. Concrete is
cheap and widely adaptable.
But it's also susceptible to cracking and
deterioration under stresses like extreme heat and
cold.
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In the past, the only way to fix cracked concrete
was to patch it, reinforce it, or knock it down and
start from scratch. But not anymore.
In 2010, a graduate student and chemical
engineering professor at the University of Rhode
Island created a new type of "smart" concrete
that "heals" its own cracks.
The concrete mix is embedded with tiny capsules
of sodium silicate. When a crack forms, the
capsules rupture and release a gel-like healing
agent that hardens to fill the void.
The sodium silicate reacted with the calcium
hydroxide already present in the concrete, and
formed a calcium-silica-hydrate gel that healed
the cracks and blocked the concrete’s pores. The
gel hardened in about one week.
Self healing concrete is a concrete which heals
itself when it comes in contact with air and water,
it produces
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lime on outer layer of concrete.
3D Pʀɪɴᴛᴇᴅ Hᴏᴜsᴇ
3D printing AKA additive manufacturing uses
computer-aided designing to make prototypes
or working models of objects by laying down
successive layers of materials.
'Concrete 3D Printing' is an automated
manufacturing method that constructs
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three-dimensional real-life structures at all
realisable scales.
The design is then fabricated into
1. a 3D structure layer-by-layer
2. using a specialised type of concrete
specifically designed for the purpose.
The concrete is deposited, joined or solidified
under computer control to create a three
dimensional object.
The concrete may consists of materials such as
plastics, liquids or powder grains.
Recently, IIT-M Alumni built India's First 3D
printed House within 5days.
Chennai-based TVASTA Manufacturing
Solutions built India's fir D printed house on a
concept by former IIT-M students.
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The 3D printed house was inaugrated by Union
Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman.
The 3D printed house consists of
1. a single storey with functional space of about
600 square feet, 2. comprising a single
bedroom, hall, and 3. a kitchen.
Advantages of Concrete 3D Printing
It helps to reduce carbon footprints with
eco-friendly taw materials.
It produce sustainable and green buildings as it
uses industrial waste and recycled material as
raw materials
It minimises the cost of construction around
30% when compared to conventional mode of
construction.
The technology uses 'ready to implement
methodology" which requires no lead time for
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manufacturing, thus significantly reducing
construction time, by constructing the house
within 4 to 5 days.
The building constructed is of higher quality
and has a long life exceeding 50 years.
Disadvantages of 3D printing
3D printing technique uses 100 times more
power than the conventional methods leading
to detrimental environmental impacts.
cost of 3d printer is very expensive.
Materials used in 3D printing are scarce.
Three-Dimensional Printing is Slow When it
Comes to Mass Customization.
Printer uses harmful chemicals such as styrene
and caprolactam due to which ultrafine
materials are emitted which may settle in a
person's bloodstream.
It releases too much of plastic by product.
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It is not user friendly.
World's first 3D Printed office has been built at
Emirates Towers complex in Dubai.
