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Establishing Test Validity and Reliability

The document discusses establishing test validity and reliability. It aims to teach learners how to establish test validity and reliability using statistical analysis. Some key points include defining test reliability as consistency of responses across items measuring the same characteristic. Factors like number of test items and individual differences can affect reliability. Methods to establish reliability include computing Pearson's r correlation coefficient and determining the strength and significance of correlations. The document also defines validity and lists types of validity including content, face, predictive, concurrent, construct, convergent, and divergent validity. It describes how to determine if a test item is easy or difficult.

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Rowena Retarino
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366 views29 pages

Establishing Test Validity and Reliability

The document discusses establishing test validity and reliability. It aims to teach learners how to establish test validity and reliability using statistical analysis. Some key points include defining test reliability as consistency of responses across items measuring the same characteristic. Factors like number of test items and individual differences can affect reliability. Methods to establish reliability include computing Pearson's r correlation coefficient and determining the strength and significance of correlations. The document also defines validity and lists types of validity including content, face, predictive, concurrent, construct, convergent, and divergent validity. It describes how to determine if a test item is easy or difficult.

Uploaded by

Rowena Retarino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Establishing Test Validity and

Reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Desired Learning Outcomes

- Use procedures and statistical analysis to establish test


validity and reliability.
- Decide whether a test is valid or reliable.
- Decide which test items are easy and difficult.

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
What is test reliability?
- When retested on the same person
- When retested on the same measure
- Similarity of responses across items that measure the same
characteristic

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Factors that affect the reliability of a measure
- The number of items in a test
- Individual differences of participants
- External environment

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Ways to establish test reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Ways to establish test reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Ways to establish test reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Ways to establish test reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Ways to establish test reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Ways to establish test reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
1. Linear Regression
This is demonstrated when you have two variables that are
measured.

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
2. Computation of Pearson r correlation
The index of the linear regression is called a correlation
coefficient. When the points in a scatterplot tend to fall within
the linear line, the correlation is said to be strong. When the
direction is directly proportional, the correlation coefficient will
have a positive value. If the line is inverse, the correlation will
have a negative value.
Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan
Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
3. Difference between a positive and a negative correlation
When the value of the correlation coefficient is positive, it
means that the higher the scores in X, the higher the scores in Y.
When the value of the correlation coefficient in negative, it
means that the higher the scores in X, the lower the scores in Y,
and vice versa.

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
4. Determining the strength of a correlation
The closer the value to 1.00 or -1.00, the stronger is the
correlation.
0.80-1.00 Very strong relationship
0.6-0.79 Strong relationship
0.40-0.59 Substantial/marked relationship
0.2-0.39 Weak relationship
0.00-0.19 Negligible relationship
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
5. Determining the significance of the correlation
The correlation obtained between two variables could be
due to chance.
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
What is validity?

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Types of Validity

Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan


Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Types of Validity
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
Types of Validity
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
1. Content Validity
2. Face Validity
3. Predictive Validity
4. Concurrent Validity
5. Construct Validity
6. Convergent Validity
7. Divergent Validity
Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan
Course Instructor
Establishing Test Validity and
Reliability
How to determine if an item is easy or difficult?
1. Get the total score of each student and arrange
scores from highest to lowest.
2. Obtain the upper and lower 27% of the group.
3. Obtain the proportion correct for each item.
4. The item difficulty is obtained using ID = ph+pl/2
5. The index of discrimination is obtained using
Dr. Estelito J. Punongbayan
Course Instructor

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