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Module0 Assignment1

This document contains 5 problems related to chemical reaction kinetics. Problem 1 involves determining the rate law and parameters for a liquid-phase reaction from concentration-time data. Problem 2 asks to determine the reaction rate equation for a saponification reaction given concentration data over time. Problem 3 involves determining the order of a photochemical bromine decay reaction and calculating the rate constant and required bromine injection rate. Problems 4 and 5 ask to determine the reaction order and rate constant for a reaction between triphenyl methyl chloride and methanol using concentration-time data and the integral method.

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52 views

Module0 Assignment1

This document contains 5 problems related to chemical reaction kinetics. Problem 1 involves determining the rate law and parameters for a liquid-phase reaction from concentration-time data. Problem 2 asks to determine the reaction rate equation for a saponification reaction given concentration data over time. Problem 3 involves determining the order of a photochemical bromine decay reaction and calculating the rate constant and required bromine injection rate. Problems 4 and 5 ask to determine the reaction order and rate constant for a reaction between triphenyl methyl chloride and methanol using concentration-time data and the integral method.

Uploaded by

Jocelyn Grisel García González
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Tecnológico de Monterrey

Design of Chemical Reactors


Module 0 – Chemical Reaction Kinetics
Problem 1

The liquid-phase reaction of methanol and triphenyl takes place in a batch reactor at 25 °C.

CH! OH + (C" H# )! CCl → (C" H# )! COCH! + HCl


𝐴+𝐵 →𝐶+𝐷

For an equal molar feed the following concentration-time data was obtained for methanol:

𝐶$ (mol · dm%! ) 1.0 0.95 0.816 0.707 0.50 0.370


𝑡 (h) 0 0.278 1.389 2.78 8.33 16.66

The following concentration time data was carried out for an initial methanol concentration
0.1 and an initial triphenyl of 1:

𝐶$ (mol · dm%! ) 0.1 0.0847 0.0735 0.0526 0.0357


𝑡 (h) 0 1 2 5 10

(a) Determine the rate law and rate law parameters.


(b) If you were to take more data points, what would be the reasonable settings (e.g.,
𝐶$& , 𝐶'& )? Why?

Orlando Castilleja-Escobedo, M.Sc. 1


Tecnológico de Monterrey

Problem 2

The saponification of ethyl acetate in a solution of sodium hydroxide,

CH! COOC( H# + NaOH → CH! COONa + C( H# OH

at 30 °C was studied by Smith and Lorenson in 1939. The ester and alkali initial
concentrations were set at 0.05 mol/dm3 and the decrease of the ester concentration (x) was
measured at several times, and it is represented in the following table:

Determine the reaction rate equation.

x (mol·dm-3) 0.00591 0.01142 0.01630 0.02207 0.02717 0.03147 0.03644


Time (min) 4 9 15 24 37 53 83

Hints:
𝐴 + 𝐵 → 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠

Stoichiometric relations:

𝑑𝑛) 𝑑𝑛*
=
𝜈) 𝜈*

Where 𝜈+ are the stoichiometric coefficients and 𝑛+ are the number of moles of species 𝑖.

𝐶$ = 𝐶$& − 𝑥

Orlando Castilleja-Escobedo, M.Sc. 2


Tecnológico de Monterrey

Problem 3

In order to study the photochemical decay of aqueous bromine in bright sunlight, a small
quantity of liquid bromine was dissolved in water contained in a glass battery jar and
placed in direct sunlight. The following data were obtained at 25 °C.

Time (min) 10 20 30 40 50 60
ppm Br2 2.45 1.74 1.23 0.88 0.62 0.44

(a) Determine whether the reaction is zero, first, or second order in bromine, and
calculate the reaction rate constant in units of your choice.
(b) Assuming identical exposure conditions, calculate the required hourly rate of
injection of bromine (in pounds) into a sunlit body of water, 25,000 gal in volume,
in order to maintain a sterilizing level of bromine of 1.0 ppm. (Ans.: 0.43 lb/h)
(c) What experimental conditions would you suggest if you were to obtain more data?

Orlando Castilleja-Escobedo, M.Sc. 3


Tecnológico de Monterrey

Problem 4

The reaction of triphenyl methyl chloride (trityl) (A) and methanol (B)

(Trityl) 𝑨 + (Methanol) 𝑩 → ((𝐶" 𝐻# )! 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝐻! ) 𝑪 + (HCl) 𝑫

was carried out in a solution of benzene and pyridine at 25 °C. Pyridine reacts with HCl
that then precipitates as pyridine hydrochloride thereby making the reaction irreversible.

The concentration-time data in Table was obtained in a batch reactor.

Time (min) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300


CA (mol·dm-3) 50e-3 38e-3 30.6e-3 25.6e-3 22.2e-3 19.5e-3 17.4e-3

The initial concentration of methanol was 0.5 mol/dm3.


Part (1) Determine the reaction order with respect to triphenyl methyl chloride.
Part (2) In a separate set of experiments, the reaction order with respect to methanol was
found to be first order. Determine the specific reaction rate constant.

Problem 5

Use the integral method to confirm that the reaction is second order with respect to
triphenyl methyl chloride as described in Problem 4 and to calculate the specific reaction
rate 𝑘 , .

Trityl (A) + Methanol (B) → Products

Orlando Castilleja-Escobedo, M.Sc. 4

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