Senior High School

NOT

English for Academic and

Professional Purposes
Quarter 2 – Module 5
WRITING REPORT SURVEY/
FIELD REPORT/LABORATORY/
SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL REPORT

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

i
English for Academic and Professional Purposes - Grade 12
Quarter 2 - Module 5: Writing Report Survey/Field Report/Laboratory/Scientific
Technical Report
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
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ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education – Division of Cagayan de Oro
Development Team of the Module
Authors: Estormeo G. Serena, Marylene C. Tizon, Diocesa V.Montecalvo,
Cirila C. Natividad

Focal Person/Reviewer: Dr. Jerry G. Roble

Division English/Reading Coordinator

Evaluators: Dr. Rosalinda C. Tantiado, Dr. Erlinda A. Quirap

Illustrator and Layout Artist: Mr. Ryan Roa

Management Team

Chairperson: Cherry Mae L. Limbaco, PhD, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Rowena H. Para-on, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Lorebina C. Carrasco, CID Chief
Members Dr. Joel D. Potane, LRMS Manager
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Office Address: Fr. William F. Masterson Ave Upper Balulang Cagayan de Oro
Telefax: (08822)855-0048
E-mail Address: [email protected]

i
ii
English for Academic and
Professional Purposes
Quarter 2 – Module 5
WRITING REPORT SURVEY/
FIELD REPORT/LABORATORY/
SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL REPORT

For Senior High School

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at action@
deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

FAIR USE AND CONTENT DISCLAIMER: This SLM (Self Learning Module) is for educational purposes only.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in
these modules are owned by their respective copyright holders. The publisher and authors do not represent nor
claim ownership over them. Sincerest appreciation to those who have made significant contributions to these
modules.

iiiii
 Table of Contents

How to Learn from this Module ii

Icons of this Module iii

What I Need to Know iii

What I Know iv

Lesson 1:

The Reports, Survey Questionnaire and Methods

of Administering It

What’s In: Kinds of Reports in Various Discipline 1

What’s New: Let’s Complete It 3

What’s More: Let’s Fill It Up 5

What I Can Do: Simulation 6

Lesson 2

Conducting a Survey

What is It: The Steps in Conducting a Survey 7

What’s New: Ranking of Home Quarantine Activities 9

What I Can Do: Let’s Get Involved in the Real World 10

What’s More: Answering Questions 10

What I Have Learned: Synthesizing Learning 11

iv
iii
Lesson 3

Gathering Information from Surveys

What’s New: Types of Survey Questions 14

What’s More: Crafting Survey Questions 16

What I Have Learned: Synthesizing Learning 17

Lesson 4

Disseminating Information From Surveys

What’s more: Graph making 18

What I have Learned: Synthesizing Learning 24

Lesson 5

Summarizing Findings and Executing the Report through Survey

What Is it 23

What I have Learned: Synthesizing Learning

What’s New: Guess the Word 23

What’s More: Reading with Action 25

What I have Learned: Synthesizing Learning 29

What Can I Do: Looking For 30

Lesson 6

Writing s Survey Report

What’s New: Bite the Apple 32

What’s More: Vocabulary Dialect 35

What I have Learned: Synthesizing Learning 39

What Can I Do: Happy time Together 40

Assessment: (Post-Test) 47

Key to Answers 52

References 53

iv
v
 v

vi
What this Module is About
This module exposes you to the world of writing report survey, field report,
laboratory, and scientific technical reports. As a future professional in your own discipline,
a thorough grasp on how to write effective reports is valuably essential in future practice
of your work.
To sharpen your skill in crafting effective reports, you ought to know the very nature
of the various kinds of report so you will be able to make use of appropriate writing
strategies in obtaining data suitable for such report.
Following are the lessons contained in this module:

• Lesson 1 – Designing Survey Questionnaire

▪ CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-7
• Lesson 2 – Conducting a Survey
▪ CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-8;
• Lesson 3 – Gathering Information from Surveys
▪ CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-9
• Lesson 4 – Disseminating written forms of information from surveys
▪ CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-10
• Lesson 5 – Summarizing Findings and executing the report through surveys
▪ CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-11
• Lesson 6 – Writing a Survey Report
▪ CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-12

What I Need to Know

Objectives
After going through this module(Lesson 1), you are expected to:
1. Discuss how to make a survey questionnaire and the methods of administering
it.
2. Make example survey questionnaire using varied questions.
3. Come up with a questionnaire needed for their community survey.
4. Elaborate the value of being truthful and objective.

After going through this module(Lesson 2), you are expected to:
1. Follow the steps in conducting a survey.
2. Create a graphic representation to present the results accurately.
3. Conduct an actual community survey to gather input from the people on a
particular issue in the community.
4. Elaborate the essence of group work and collaboration.

vi

1
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the cited objectives, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

vii

2
 PRE-TEST
What I Know

Prompts: Consider yourself as a client to answer the questions below. On the space
before each number, write T if you think the question is clear and
understandable and it does not create any difficulty and confusion and F if it is
confusing or difficult.

_____ 1. What medium of communication you will use to become updated with the
events?
Magazine or Newspaper
Radio
Television
Internet

_____ 2. What is your most usual means you use to become updated with the events?

Magazine or Newspaper
Radio
Television
Internet

_____ 3. Enter in the boxes opposite the three options you selected below
Option A Option B Option C
Option D Option E Option F

_____ 4. Below are the features of camping holiday. Indicate their importance to you by
numbering from 1-4 in order where 1 is the most important.
People ______
Cost ______
Open Air ______
Mobility ______
Atmosphere ______
_____ 5. “Have you been to an out of town trip recently?”

_____ 6. “Have you been to an out of town trip in the last two weeks?”

_____ 7. “Do you think women should eat less and exercise more?”

_____ 8. “Are you against a ban on marijuana?”

_____ 9. Give your age on 1st June 2019 _______ years.

_____ 10. Are you…

______ Under 18 ______ over 65

______ 18-65

viii 3
 THE REPORTS, SURVEY
QUESTIONNAIRE AND OF
Lesson
ADMINISTERING IT

What’s In

Kinds of Reports in Various Disciplines

Reports are more likely needed for business, scientific and technical subjects, and
in the workplace. They are of different types and they differ in their aims and structures.

TYPES DEFINITION/ OBJECTIVES

DESCRIPTION
1. Survey Report It is written after getting To collect people’s
data from a survey. responses or answers
about a particular issue or
topic
2. Laboratory or It is commonly called lab To present results or
Scientific report. It is written in a findings from experiments.
Technical Report formal and organized
manner.
3. Field Report It is sometimes called trip To describe and analyze a
report. systematic observation.
Source: https://unilearning.blow.edu.au/reort.html

Among those types of reports, survey is the most popularly and widely used as it
is the easiest way to gather information about any topic or issue from a big number of
people or groups.

Survey Questionnaire
It is a data gathering tool having set of questions used in a survey and is utilized
in various fields such as politics, research, marketing, media and so on. It is intended to
gather data, views, opinions and others from individuals or a particular group of people
(https://explorable.com/how-to-conduct-a-survey).

14
 It is an important method used in order to collect the necessary information that
will benefit the people and the community.

Methods of Administering a Survey

Administering a survey calls for a more systematic way in order to achieve the aims of a
certain survey conducted. The following methods are introduced by Sarah Mae Sincero
(https://explorable.com/how-to-conduct-a-survey).
Personal Approach
--involves the person himself/ herself conducting the survey.

a. Face-to-face Structured Interview

--the interview is set personally and the people involved face
each other in order to gather the necessary information.
Questions on the survey are asked directly to the respondent by
the researcher.

b. Telephone Survey

-- is done using telephone or cellular phones.

The calls are made to ask individuals on
particular questions. This method can be used
for asking consequential questions. https://www.google.com/search?q=telephone+survey&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=
X&ved=0ahUKEwi0vvOpuPHfAhVygUsFHURGDP4Q_AUIDigB&biw=1345&bih=648#i
mgrc=S3ggm17raBFcGM:

1. Self- administered Approach

--is administered by the researcher himself/herself.

a. Paper- and - pencil Survey

--is a traditional method wherein the respondents who
usually preferred the manual method must be present
in the administration of the survey.

https://www.google.com/search?q=paper+and+pencil+survey&source=lnms&tbm=is
ch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj44bS4ufHfAhUZVH0KHX0aABEQ_AUIDigB&biw=1345&bih=
648#imgrc=J1qfTeY4I458oM:

b. Online Survey

--also known as internet survey, is one of the

most famous sources of data collection, where a
set of survey questions is sent out to respondents
and the members of this sample can respond to
the questions over the internet. Respondents
receive online surveys in various ways such as https://www.google.com/search?q=online+survey&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&

email, embedded over website, social media or forms.ved=0ahUKEwi3z_jKuvHfAhUbXn0KHaCyCVcQ_AUIDigB&biw=1345&bih=648#imgrc

=19bxSQSCKB0LAM:

52
 c. Mail Survey

--this popular tool requires an easy-

administering of the survey where survey
questionnaires are mailed to individuals who
are given enough time to read and ponder on
the information asked.
https://www.google.com/search?q=mail+survey&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi
wrsqzu_HfAhVXXisKHemHC44Q_AUIDigB&biw=1345&bih=648#imgrc=CBbj_3i6UFfCBM:

What’s New

Activity 1.1 “Let’s Complete It”

Directions: As you analyze the information, complete the given table with what you
think of the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

Method Advantages Disadvantages

1. Face-to-face
Structured
Interview

2. Telephone Survey

3. Paper-and-pencil
Survey
4. Mail Survey

5. Online Survey

Source: https://explorable.com/how-to-conduct-a-survey

Should and Not Should of a Survey Questionnaire

Successful survey largely depends on Concise and Easy understandable
questions by the respondents. Thus, a well -designed survey questionnaire will ensure
an effective data and information gathering.

63
 A survey questionnaire should be well – constructed so that the respondents could
read carefully and understand thoroughly and be motivated to complete it. Therefore, a
questionnaire should:

1. Use words that have clear meaning.

The questions should not be vague and difficult to comprehend so that the
questionnaire will not be left unanswered.
(https://zapier.com/learn/forms-surveys/writing-effective-survey/)

2. Cover all possible options.

The respondents should just be given at most five ranking options and should
cover all so that they will not be tired of choosing a lot of options which do not give
the choices they look for. If this will not be observed, this will lead to an abandoned
questionnaire.
(https://blogs.constantcontact.com/how-to-write-survey/)

3. Not ask two or more questions in one sentence.

The question should focus on one topic or item at a time so that the respondents
will not be confused which to answer and what to choose.
(https://zapier.com/learn/forms-surveys/writing-effective-survey/)

4. Provide an out- option.

The survey should give the respondents the option to choose “Does not apply “
or “None” for questions they do not feel answering.
(https://blogs.constantcontact.com/how-to-write-survey/)

5. Consider appropriate time reference.

Respondents could not easily recall past long experiences and be doubtful as to
the exact measurement or time they spent.

6. Have a clear question structure.

Survey questionnaire should follow the three parts: the question stem, additional
instructions and response options so that the respondents will not be confused
what to answer or choose. This will result to unreliable gathered data.
(https://zapier.com/learn/forms-surveys/writing-effective-survey/)

7. Have open specific response options.

The respondents should be guided on what to choose. So the survey should

provide specific options to choose from so that respondents will not be confused
in answering.

4
7
 8. Not have any bias or prejudice.

Questions should be objective and lead to an honest answer. The respondents

should not be lead to a biased option that they may fail to give their truthful
response.

9. Not include too personal or too embarrassing questions.

Questions should be gender and culture sensitive so that the respondents may not
feel awkward or embarrassed in giving their responses.

10. Avoid double negative questions.

Double negatives may occur when respondents are asked of their agreement on
a certain issue. This should be avoided so that the respondents ‘response will be
clear and precise.
(https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/survey-guidelines/)

11. Outline instructions or directions clearly and understandably.

Clear instructions will lead to positive, appropriate and clear answers. If

respondents are clearly asked and told what to do, they will also foster positive
attitude towards answering the questionnaire.
(https://zapier.com/learn/forms-surveys/writing-effective-survey/)

What’s More
“Let’s Fill it Up”

Prompts: Using the example questions in the pretest, analyze each using the guidelines
on what should or should not for effective questions. Be able to determine
whether the question is effective or not (mark check). Then provide the reason
of your answer.

Example Effective Not Effective Reason

Question
( refer to
pretest items)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

85
 What I Can Do

Directions: Suppose you are chosen as the youth representative of your barangay and
you are asked to introduce an advocacy on Covid-19 Youth Empowerment.
Decide how to find out possible response of your community about it. In order
to determine the people’s attitude toward it, conduct an online survey by
framing a survey questionnaire. Consider the guidelines in constructing
effective questions in your five-question survey to be administered in your
respective barangay.

96
 Lesson CONDUCTING A SURVEY

2
What Is It

A Survey is one of the best ways in understanding the people’s choices, attitudes,
or feelings on certain issues. It helps in determining the reactions of the respondents and
based on the survey results, one could design some possible actions to be best done, or
a solution to a problem, or a remedy to a disease, or an answer to a question.
(https://www.google.com/search?q=objective+in+writing+a+survey+report&oq=objective+in+writ
ing+a+survey+report&aqs=chrome..69i57.31999j1j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF8)

THREE STEPS IN CONDUCTING A SURVEY

1. Decide on a four or five-option survey question. Then make a tally chart having
its heading with appropriate title.

The question should follow the guidelines of making an effective survey

question. Formulate questions that address the aim and need of the
research. The question should be clear, concise and efficient. The heading
and the title should reflect the focus of the survey.

2. Conduct a survey then tally all the answers.

In conducting a survey, ethics should be observed. You should be polite

and show respect to the respondents. You should maintain a friendly
atmosphere so that respondents may not feel so intimidated. Make sure all
answers are noted. Plan for a more systematic way of tallying.

3. Count the answers marking the item having the least to the greatest tallies. Then
make a graphic representation of the results.

Observe accuracy and honesty in tallying. Results can be presented using

any graphics. Most commonly used are charts and organizers. Choose the
most appropriate graphics that best represent the result of the survey.

NOTE: When you conduct a survey, you should write a letter of consent emphasizing
that the information given by the respondents/ participants will be held with utmost
confidentiality. If the respondent is a minor, prepare an assent

7
10
Informed consent" is the voluntary agreement of a person, or the representative, who
has the capacity to give consent, and who practices free power of choice to involve in
research. "Assent" is a term used to show willingness to participate in survey by persons
who are too young to give informed consent but who are old enough to understand the
proposed survey in general. Assent by itself is not enough, however. If assent is given,
informed consent must still be acquired from the parents or guardian.

11
8
 What’s New

Activity 2.2
“It’s Your Turn”
Prompts: A. Give five of your family’s favorite home quarantine activities. Rank them
according to the frequency of engaging in it. Number them 1,2,3,4,5.

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

B. Ask each member of your family to give his/her rank of the home quarantine activities
you listed in Test A. Just add rows to include all other members of the family.
(Please follow the given example below. You may add another column to activities
not listed below. Answers may vary)

Family Home Quarantine Activities (As listed in A)

members 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
Cooking Washing Cleaning Playing Using
Cellphone
Mother 1 2 3 4 5

Father 2 1 3 4 5

C. Tally or count how many have chosen each activity.

Favorite Past time Number of Total

Activities (As listed in A) times chosen
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th

129
 D. Illustrate a bar graph (similar to the given example) to show a graphic
representation of your survey results. Give the appropriate data you gathered from
your survey. Make sure to show the home quarantine activities and their ranks.

TITLE

What I Can Do

“Let’s Get Involved in the Real World”

Prompts: You have experienced doing survey in the classroom. Now it is the best
time to go out and venture the online world.

A. Design a survey questionnaire to gather some of the residents’ values and

opinions on certain important issues in your community.
B. Following the guidelines of constructing a survey questionnaire, make five
questions.
C. Conduct an online survey in your respective community. Interview FIVE people
from each group category below:

(Parents of) 0 - 5 years old

6 - 11 years old
12 - 18 years old
19 - 39 years old
40 - 60 years old
61 - and above
D. Devise your own method in tabulating the gathered answers to your five-survey
questions.

E. Graph the results and choose your own format. (you may use other charts or any
other graphics)

F. Write a one-paragraph explanation stating your findings of the survey.

G. Submit your output to your teacher. (The teacher will give the e-mail address)

13
10
 What I Have Learned

I. Personal Data

NAME of the person conducting the survey

Address: ___________________________
Total Number of Persons Surveyed: _____________
II. Graphic Illustration of the result

III. One paragraph Explanation

IV. One paragraph Explanation

GETTING DEEPER!
Lesson:__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
What I want to say about the lesson:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
What I found out:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________

1411
Summary

1. A survey questionnaire is an effective tool in gathering data using either personal or

self-administered approach.
2. Effective survey questionnaire should be clear, concise, specific and understandable.
It should be properly structured and should be free from bias and prejudice.
3. In conducting a survey, the questionnaire should be well- constructed and should
follow the guidelines. It should be properly gathered, tallied and represented using
graphics for vividness.

Post Assessment

Prompts: Analyze the given items in a questionnaire and be able to transform the
items that seem not effectively formulated. Be able to consider and
follow the guidelines.

1. Which of the following means you use to become updated with the events?

Magazine or Newspaper
Radio
Television
Internet

2. What is your most usual means you use to become updated with the events?

Magazine or Newspaper
Radio
Television
Internet

3. Enter in the boxes opposite the three options you selected below

Option A Option B Option C

Option D Option E Option F

4. Below are the features of camping holiday. Indicate their importance to you by
numbering from 1-4 in order where 1 is the most important.
People ______
Cost ______
Open Air ______
Mobility ______
Atmosphere ______

15
12
5. “Have you been to an out of town trip recently?”
6. “Have you been to an out of town trip in the last two weeks?”
7. “Do you think women should eat less and exercise more?”
8. “Are you against a ban on marijuana?”
9. Give your age on 1st June 2019 _______ years.
10. Are you…
______ Under 18
______ 18-65
______ Over 65

16
13
 GATHERING INFORMATION FROM
Lesson SURVEYS

What’s New

The task of gathering or collecting information or data from surveys requires a high
level of knowledge and skill. You should be familiar with the different types of survey
questions and learn the art of formulating them before you can conduct the survey and
actually gather primary data(first–hand sources using methods like surveys, interviews,
or experiments).
(source: https://www.statisticshowto.datasciencecentral.com/primary)

What is It

Types of Survey Questions

1. Open-ended Questions
--do not have predetermined options or answers. The respondents are allowed to
answer the questions freely. Responses must be recorded verbatim-especially because
coding and analysis will rely on the subject’s exact responses. Open-ended questions
often need probing or follow-up questions to clarify certain items in the subject’s response.
These question typically ask the “how” and “why” of something.
Example: Why did you choose to vote for candidate X? Kindly explain.

2. Dichotomous Questions
--have two possible answers, often either yes/no, true/false, or agree/ disagree.
These questions are used when the researcher wants to clearly distinguish the
respondent’s opinion, preference, experience or behavior.
Example: HIV/AIDS is transmitted through saliva:
True False

17 14
3. Multiple–Response Questions
--necessitate the respondents to provide more than one answer. For example, a
typical advertising survey would ask the question, “How did you find about the particular
service or item”? A respondent may have encountered more than one of the probable
ways.
Example: How were you able to know about the graduate program of
Development Policy offered in De La Salle University? Check all that
apply.
Print Advertisement By word of mouth (friends,
families, etc.)

DSLU Website Telephone inquiry

DSLU Social Networking Physical appearance/ inquiry

page

Others(please specify)

4. Matrix Questions
--involve instances where a number of questions you intend to ask have the same
set of possible answers. Thus, it is possible to construct a matrix of items and answers
for the sake of streamlining the survey.
Example: Qualities of a Good Leader
Beside each of the qualities of a good leader, kindly indicate how well the person
in inquiry manifests the said quality with 1 being the lowest and 5 as the highest.

Sample Matrix Question Set

Qualities/ Rating 1 2 3 4 5
Integrity
Inclusiveness
Information-Driven
Innovative

Shown above is a numerical scale (matrix).The respondents are required to

choose from a number of categories that determine their preferences.
Another common scale is the Likert Scale which tries to assess the subject’s
agreement/disagreement or approval/ disapproval on a five point scale-with one end
being the most positive answer, and the other end being the most negative answer. The
categories correspond to the numerical values 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, and are encoded as their
numerical equivalent (Singh 2007:75). The total score per item is determined. From here,
you formulate your inference.

Example: Performance-Based Incentive System

The new performance-based incentive system encouraged me to work over-time.

(5) Strongly Agree (4) Agree (3) Undecided (2) Disagree (1) Strongly
Disagree

15
18
5. Contingency Questions
---are intended for certain respondents only, depending on the provided answers.
A familiar example would be a follow-up question provided after a respondent agrees to
a certain item. A respondent is asked whether they used any illegal drugs or substances.
Only those who answered yes are required to answer the succeeding items.

Example:
4. Have you ever tried any illegal drugs and/or substances?
Yes No
4.1 If yes, what illegal drugs and/or substances have you used? Check all that apply.
Crystal Meth
Cocaine
Heroine
Marijuana
Ecstasy
Others, please specify:__________________
0

Points to remember in crafting survey questions

1. Keep the questionnaire as short as possible.

2. Ask short, simple, and clearly worded questions.
3. Start with demographic questions to help respondents get started comfortably.
4. Use dichotomous (yes/no) and multiple choice questions.
5. Use open-ended questions cautiously.
6. Avoid using leading-questions. Make your question ask for the other person’s opinion.
Do not make it clear what your own opinion is(this would be called a biased question
or a leading question).
A bad example would be: Fishing is a very cruel pastime. Do you agree?
A better question might be: Do you think that fishing is a cruel pastime?
A. strongly agree B. agree C) neutral D. disagree E. strongly disagree
7. Pilot test a questionnaire on a small number of people.
8. Think about the way you intend to use the collected data when preparing the
questionnaire.

What’s More

Activity 3.1

Prompts: Answer the following questions on crafting survey questions

1. Which of these questions are leading questions?

Note: A leading question is one that leads the person answering it towards a
particular answer.
a. Do you agree with the majority of people that bank workers earn too much?
b. How has this course improved your English?
c. Do you smoke?
d. Do you agree that giving your child a bottle is a really bad idea?

16
19
 e. How many times in the past week have you travelled by bus?
f. How many TV sets do you have in your house?
g. Do you agree that eating chocolates raises your IQ?

2. Here are some contingency questions. Write suggestions for each question for the tick
boxes. The first one has been done as an example.
A. Which type of film do you like watching? Tick all that apply.
Horror
Comedy
Action/adventure
Cartoons
Drama
None of the above
B. The company is having a party. What type of food should there be?
C. What sports should the new sport center offer?
D. What electronic gadgets do you use?
E. Give your opinion on the bus service in town.

What I Have Learned

GETTING DEEPER!
Lesson:_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
What I want to say about the lesson:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________
What I found out:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

2017
 DISSEMINATING INFORMATION FROM
Lesson SURVEYS

4
What’s New

What do you do with the data or information you have collected after conducting
your survey? Information or data gathered from surveys should be properly organized before
it could be disseminated.

What is It

Data, according to Cambridge International Organization( May 2009:917-937),

can be organized in several ways. The chosen method largely depends on the type of
data being collected. A simple way of recording the results is by constructing a tally and
frequency table.

For example, a survey is carried out to test the manufacturer’s claim that there are
‘about 36 chocolate buttons in each packet.’ The number of buttons in each of 25 packets
is counted, given the figures below.
35 36 34 37 36 36 38 37 36 35 38
34 35 36 36 34 37 38 37 36 35 36
36 37 36

Displayed as a list, the numbers are not clear, however, they are easier to analyze
if they are recorded in a tally and frequency chart like this.

Number Tally Frequency

34 III 3
The tally column is filled
35 IIII 4 in as the survey is being
carried out. The
36 IIII IIII 10 frequency column is
completed by counting
37 IIII 5 up the tally marks at the
end of the survey.
38 III 3

2118
 Sometimes if there is a big range in the data, it is more useful to group the data in
a grouped frequency table. The groups are chosen so that no data item can appear in
two groups.
For example, the ages of 30 residents in a Home for the Aged are shown below:
98 71 76 77 72 78 77 73 76 86
75 79 81 105 100 74 82 88 91 96
85 90 97 102 83 101 83 84 80 95

Constructing a tally and frequency table with a list of individual ages will not be
very useful as most ages in the range will only have one or two results. Grouping the data
into the age ranges 71-80, 81-90, etc. produces this more useful table.

Age Tally Frequency

71-80 llll llll ll 12
81-90 llll llll 9
91-100 llll l 6
100-110 lll 3

The ages could have been grouped 71-75, 76-80, 81-85, etc. The group size is the
decision of the person collecting the data, but it is essential that the groups are all the
same size and do not overlap.

Displaying Data
(https://www.cambridgeinternational.org/Images/307704-hodder-checkpoint-maths-spread.pdf)
Once the data have been collected, they can be displayed in several ways. Again,
the chosen method reflects the type of data collected and the designed audience. One of
the simplest and most effective is the use a pictogram.
This method uses pictures to represent the frequency. The chocolate button data
can be displayed on a pictogram like this, using one circle to represent one chocolate
button.

Number of chocolate buttons Frequency

34
35
36
37
38

Sometimes one symbol represents more than one item. In the pictogram below, each
circle represents four chocolates and fractions of a circle represents smaller amounts.

Number of Frequency
chocolate
buttons
34
35

22
19
 Key
36
37 = 4 chocolates
38

Look at the
key to see
what each
issymbol
iiiisrepresent
s.
Probably the most common way of displaying data is the bar graph or frequency
diagram. It is quick and easy to draw, and straightforward to understand.

Work Example:
Subject Frequency
Sport 40
Science 20
Maths 30
Art 15
Languages 15
Total 120
A school of 120 students carry out a survey to see which subjects are most popular.
The results are shown in the frequency table.
Show this information on a frequency diagram

The
graph is
fully
labelled
Frequency

The bars have

the same width
and do not
touch. The
height of each
bar represents
the frequency.

23
20
 Frequency diagrams can also be used to display grouped data, such as the ages
of the residents in the care home.

The bars
have the
same width
Frequency

and do not
touch.

An alternative to a frequency diagram is a bar-line. Instead of bars, lines are drawn

to represent the frequencies. The height of each line indicates the frequency. The data
about students’ favorite subjects can be shown on a bar-line graph like this.

Favorite Subject

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Sports Science Math Art Languages

In frequency diagrams and bar line graphs, each frequency is represented by the
height of a bar or line. Another way of displaying data is on a pie chart. On these, each
frequency is represented by a fraction of a circle.

Worked example
Look again at the data about students’ favorite subjects. Show this information on
a pie chart.

21
24
● First you need to express the frequency of each subject as a fraction of the total
number of students
Sports is 40 = 1 of the total
120 3

Science is 20 = 1
120 6

Maths is 30 = 1 of the total

120 4

And Art and Languages are 15= 1 each.

120 8
To draw the pie chart without a protractor, an understanding of fractions helps.
For example, Sport and Science together represent half of the total, and Maths, Art and
Languages represent the other half of the total.

The pie chart has a

heading and a key,
and each slice is
Sport clearly labeled
Science
Maths
Art
Languages

The pie chart is divided

into slices, which are
fractions of the circle.
The size of each slice
represents the
frequency, as a fraction
of the total number of
students.

25
22
 What’s More

Activity 4.1.

Prompts: Analyze the situations below and plot the data using the non-verbal
text (graphs)
1. Twelve people were asked which sandwiches they had bought from a sandwich shop.
Their answers were:
Chicken Tuna Egg Chicken
Egg Tomato Chicken Tuna
Tomato Egg Chicken Chicken
Show this information in a pictogram
2. A fitness club carries out a survey to find out the ages of its members. Here
are the results:
22 18 23 17 44 42 50 19 21 23 11 16
38 55 62 41 17 19 23 36 28 42
35 33 18 22 63 48 9 7 17 23 36
48 54 60
A. Make a grouped tally and frequency table using the age groups 1-10, 11-
20, 21-30, etc
B. Draw a frequency diagram of the data.
3. Ninety students took an English Proficiency exam. On the way out of the hall, they
were asked whether they found it hard, OK or easy. Here are the results:

Response Easy OK Hard

Frequency 15 45 30

Show the results on a pie chart.

Frequency

Easy
15
Hard
30

OK
45

23
26
 What I Have Learned

GETTING DEEPER!
Lesson:_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
What I want to say about the lesson:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________
What I found out:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

27
24
 SUMMARIZING FINDINGS AND
EXECUTING THE REPORT THROUGH
Lesson SURVEY

5
What’s In

A component of summary of the findings is to provide a discussion for each of

the findings based on the aim and scope of your study.
A summary is a synthesis of the key ideas of a piece of writing, restated in your
own words – i.e., paraphrased. You may write a summary as a stand-alone assignment
or as part of a longer paper. Whenever you summarize, you must be careful not to copy
the exact wording of the original source.
Summarizing teaches students how to discern the most important ideas in a text,
how to ignore irrelevant information, and how to integrate the central ideas in a
meaningful way. Teaching students to summarize improves their memory for what is
read. Summarization strategies can be used in almost every content area.
(https://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/summarizing)
Due to clarity demand, summary of findings must contain each specific question
under the statement of the problem and must be written first to be followed by
the findings that would answer it.
The findings should be textual generalizations, that is, a summary of the important
data consisting of text and numbers.
(source:http://thesisadviser.blogspot.com/2013/02/thesis-writing-summary-conclusions-
and.html)

How to Write a Working Summary

To write a good summary, it is important to thoroughly understand the material you
are working with. Here are some preliminary steps in writing a summary:
1. Skim the text, noting in your mind the subheadings. If there are no subheadings,
try to divide the text into sections. Consider why you have been assigned the text.
Try to determine what type of text you are reading with. This can help you identify
important information
2. Read the text, highlighting important information and taking notes.
3. In your own words, write down the main points of each section.

2825
 4. Write down the key support points for the main topic, but do not include minor
detail.
5. Go through the process again, making changes as appropriate.
(https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/How%20to%20Write%20a%20Summary%20U
%20wash_0.pdf)

What’s New

Activity 5.1: Guess the Word!

Prompts: Study the definition and word forms. Then, arrange the letters in bold to form
the correct word for each item below. Write the word in the box.

1. It is the important ideas in preparing a niam pntsoi –

survey report

2. To look over quickly especially simk -

to find main ideas

3. Ideas which are omitted when writing tarlirevnr edais -

a survey report

4. A statement that says something that another srphaapaer -

person has said or written in different way

5. A synthesis of the ideas of a piece of writing

rammusy

26
29
Sample Survey Report 1
Global Implications of Patent Law Variation
http//depts..washington.edu/owwwwrc

A patent is an exclusive right to use This first sentence is a general

definition. It may be safe to assume
an invention for a certain period of time
that your audience is already familiar
which is given to an inventor as compensation patents: thus you do not have include
for disclose of an invention. it in summary.

Although it would be beneficial for the

world economy to have uniform patent laws,
each country has its own laws designed to This the main idea
protect domestic inventions and safeguard
technology. Despite widespread variation
patent laws generally fall under one to two
principles; the first-to-file and the first-to-invent.
This classification of two principles is
important.

The first to file principle awards a patent to

the person or institution that applies for a
patent first, while the first to invent principle
grants the patent to the person or institution Ignore specific details about the
that was first to invent and can prove it. different principles. The terms are
Most countries have adopted the first-to-file self-explanatory.
system. However, the United States
maintains a first-to-invent system, despite
obvious shortcomings. A result of countries It is important to point out that most
employing different patent law principles is of the world follows system, the
inconsistency of patent ownership. United States as well.
Include a description of the problem
Surrounding variation in patent laws.
Patent ownership is not recognized
globally. On the contrary, ownership may
change depending on the contrary. It is not
uncommon for an invention to have two
patent owners – one in the United States problem, but not all details.
and one in the rest of the world. This unclear
ownership often has economic consequences.
If a company is interested in using a patented
Invention, it may be unable to receive per-
mission from both patent owners, which in

27
30
 turn may prevent manufacture of a particular
product. Even if permission is received from
both owners, pay royalties to both may be
quite costly. In this case, if the invention is
useful enough, a company may proceed
and pass on the added cost to consumers.
International economic tension has
also been increasing as a result of differing
policies. Many foreign individuals and
companies believe that they are at a serious Describe this other problem
associated with different patent
disadvantages in the United States with principles.
regard to patent ownership because of the
logistical difficulties in establishing first-to-
invent status. Further, failure of the United
States to recognize patent ownership in
other countries is in violation of the Paris
Conventions on Industrial Properties, Provide some explanation, but not
which requires all member nations to all the details
treat all patent equally. The conflict
surrounding patent has prompted the
World Intellectual Properties Organization
(WIPO) to lobby for universality in patent
which requires all member nations to
treat all patent equally. The conflict
surrounding patent has prompted the
World Intellectual Properties Organization
(WIPO) to lobby for universality in patent Describe the action taken to solve
Laws. WIPO maintains that the first the problem
necessary step involves compelling the
United States to reexamine its patent
principle, taking into account the reality
of a global economy. This push may
indeed result in more global economic
cooperation.

Writing An Effective Summary

(https://doclecture.net/1-51602.html)
Writing an effective summary entails the following:
1. The summary should cover the original as a whole.
2. The material should be presented in a neutral fashion.
3. The summary should be condensed version of the material, presented in your own
words.
- do not include anything that does not appear in the original. (Do not include your
own comments or evaluation.)
- be sure to identify your source

27
31
 Sample Summary

In his paper “Global Implications of Patent Law Variation,” Koji Suzuki (1991)
states that lack of consistency in the world’s patent law is a serious problem. In most
of the world, patent ownership is given to the inventor that is first to file for a patent.
However, the United States maintains a first-to-invent policy. In view of this, patent
ownership can change depending on the country. Multiple patent ownership can
result in economic problems; however, most striking is the international tension it
Causes. That fact that United States does not recognize patent ownership in other
countries, in violation of the Paris Convention on Industrial Properties, has prompted
the World Intellectual Properties Organization (WIPO) to push the United States to
review its existing patent law principles.

Sample Survey Report 2

Rising number of college students report mental health condition

https://twin-cities.umn.edu/news-events/rising-number-college-students-report-
mental-health-condition

The number of students coming to college with a mental health condition

continues to increase, with nearly half of all female students reporting a diagnosis in
their lifetime. The 2018 College Student Health Survey of University of Minnesota
Twin Cities (UMTC) students found a 29 percent increase in mental health conditions
among students since 2015.

The survey, directed by Boynton Health, is intended to identify health issues

affecting UMTC students so University officials can be responsive to their needs and
create a healthier campus environment.

“We have a profound opportunity to positively influence the health of young

adults in college,” said Maggie Towle, interim vice provost for Student Affairs and
dean of students. “Graduating from college is a key barometer of future health,
including a better job, higher wage and the resources for good health. The College

32
28
Student Health Survey helps us bring focus and attention to the most pressing health
concerns of our students.”

In addition to the mental health findings, the survey found an increase in

students experiencing sexual assault and, for the first time, collected information
about sexual harassment.

Mental Health

In 2018, 42.2 percent of students reported a mental health diagnosis in their

lifetime, a 29.1 percent increase from 32.7 percent in 2015. The increase was
particularly significant for female students, with nearly half (48 percent) reporting
a mental health condition in their lifetime compared to 39 percent in 2015.

Consistent with past surveys, anxiety (32 percent) and depression (27 percent)
are the most frequent conditions stated.

“As student mental health needs grow, we have to ask what resources will be
needed to keep pace,” said Gary Christenson, MD, chief medical officer, Boynton
Health. “The scale of our campus puts us in a better position to provide students
a range of resources. But all colleges and universities are struggling to keep up.
Our survey should be a clear sign to policymakers, mental health professionals
and public health experts that we urgently need to identify public health
approaches to promote good mental health.”

Stress

Unmanaged stress can have serious health consequences, including what

appears to be an association between unmanaged stress and higher rates of
mental health conditions.

Based on the survey results, more than two in five (42 percent) students were
unable to manage their stress. Among these students, 14 percent were diagnosed
with depression in the last year. Compared to students who manage their stress,
only 6 percent were diagnosed with depression.

Students who reported three or more stressors engage in more risky behavior,
including higher tobacco and marijuana use, high-risk drinking, and higher credit
card debt compared to students who reported fewer stressors.
The factor students are most likely to say affects their academic performance is
stress.
“College can be stressful and students do not necessarily seek help to cope with
stress,” said Patricia A. Frazier, PhD, associate chair of the Department of
Psychology. “To succeed academically, students need a variety of tools to help
them learn how to manage stress.”

29
33
 What’s More

Activity 5.2: Reading with Action!

Prompts: Write a Summary of Findings using the following steps:

I. Objective (Value Communicated)
Objective, accurate and honest presentation of facts and results

II. Basic Content (Facts and Information)

a. May consist of eyewitness accounts of first – hand information.
b. May contain facts, data, figures or statistics on or from people,
évents, phenomena, structures, experiments, questionnaires,
interviews and library research.
c. May include materials and procedures or methods.

Problem Solution
A. Mental Health
a. anxiety
b. depression Identify public health approaches to
promote good mental health

B. Stress
a.
b.

III. Write a Summary of Findings using the following steps. (5 sentences only)

Summary

3430
 Summarization is one of the most important and essential aspects of reading
comprehension. By finding the key points and main idea, students gradually become more
skillful readers. In this lesson students will learn the steps of summarizing and then they
will practice summarizing a selection of text.

What I Have Learned

GETTING DEEPER!
Lesson:_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
What I want to say about the lesson:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________
What I found out:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________

What Can I Do

Looking For

For your assignment, research in the internet the COVID-19 CASE survey report (Latest)
in your region and write a summary out of it.

3531
 Lesson WRITING A SURVEY REPORT

What’s In

You have already learned in the previous lessons on how to gather data and
present your data in various ways, and come up with effective summary. In this lesson,
you will be trained on how to write an effective survey report.

What’s New

Activity 6.1: Bite the Apple

Directions: Write in the fruit of the tree (apple) the word/words associated with the word
survey.

SURVEY

36
32
Survey Report
(https://www.studymode.com/essays/My-Survey-Report-1787631.html)
--refers to a formal piece of writing based on research. When reporting the
results of a survey, the figures gathered should be given in the form of percentages and
proportions.

Survey
--is a method of collecting information or data in which people self-report their own
opinion/behaviors in response to the questions

The purpose(s) of writing a survey report is to study a research topic thoroughly, and to
summarize the existing studies in an organized manner. It is an important step in any
research project
Steps in writing a Survey Report

1. Break the report into separate sections with heading. Survey reports
usually use headings for each section.
2. Write a 1-2 page executive summary paraphrasing the report.
3. State the objectives of the survey in the background section.
4. Provide background information by explaining research and studies.

Tips in conducting a successful Survey

1. Make sure that every question is necessary.

2. Keep it short and simple.
3. Ask direct questions.
4. Ask one question at a time.
5. Avoid leading and biased questions.
6. Speak your respondent’s language.
7. Use response scales whenever possible
8. Avoid guiding grids or matrices for responses.

A Survey Method is the technique of gathering data by asking questions to people who
are thought to have desired information. A formal questionnaire is prepared. Generally a
non-disguised approach is used. The respondents are asked questions on their
demographic interest or opinion.

Guidelines for Writing the Survey Report

1. Value Communicated
Objective, accurate and honest presentation of facts and results
2. Basic Content
a. May consist of eyewitness accounts of first – hand information.
b. May contain facts, data, figures or statistics on or from people,
Events, phenomena, structures, experiments, questionnaires,
interviews and library research.
c. May include materials and procedures or methods.

33
37
3. Modes of Ordering
a. Chronological or time order.
b. Geographical or space / spatial order.
c. Logical – Inductive and Deductive
d. Problem – Solution
e. Cause and Effect
f. Formal
g. Abstract – Introduction – Background – Statement of the problem
h. Materials – Method or Procedure – Results – Discussion – Summary
i. Conclusion and Recommendation
4. Basic Qualities of a Good Report
a. Objective, not subjective point of view.
b. Accurate, not sloppy presentation of facts , numbers, statistics
and data
c. Honest, not false or incomplete details and results.
d. Brief and direct

TIPS IN WRITINGA SURVEY REPORT

(https://www.scribd.com/document/135520494/How-to-Write-Survey-Report-2010)
A survey report is a formal piece of writing based on research.
I. Structure
Introduction
State the purpose/aim of the report, when and how the information was gathered.
Main Body
All the information collected and analyzed is presented clearly and in detail (break down
the respondents into groups according to sex, age and place of residence, state the main
differences between groups). Subheadings, numbers or letters can be used to separate
each piece of information.
Conclusion
Sum up the points mentioned above. If necessary a recommendation can be included as
well (one way of summing up is making some general comments).
II. Useful hints and phrases:
Present Tenses, Reported Speech and an impersonal style should be used in survey
reports. Use a variety of reporting verbs such as claim, state, report, agree, complain,
suggest, etc.
When reporting the results of a survey, the figures gathered should be given in the form
of percentages and proportions. Expressions such as “one in four” or “six out of ten”
can be used, or exact percentages e.g. 25% of the people questioned, 68% of those who
filled in the questionnaire, etc. Less exact expressions such as: the majority of those
questioned, a large proportion of, a significant number of, etc. can also be used.
IV. Useful language(expressions) to use for reports
(https://newyorkessays.com/essay-how-to-write-survey-report-essay/)
To introduce: The purpose/aim of this report, As requested, This survey was carried out/
conducted by means of the questionnaire consisted of etc.

38
34
To generalize: In general, generally, on the whole, etc.
To refer to a fact: The fact is that…, In fact, In practice, etc.
To conclude/ summarize: In conclusion, All things considered, To sum up, All in all, It
is not easy to reach any definite conclusions, If any conclusions may be
drawn from the data, It is clear that, The survey
shows/indicates/demonstrates, etc.

What’s More

Activity 6.2: Vocabulary Alert!

Directions: The words under the first column are taken from the sample survey report
that you are about to read. Using a dictionary and other reference
materials, look for the meaning of these words to complete the table.

Word Definition Use in a Synonym Antonym

Sentence

hefty

obese

euphoric

culprit

validate

39
35
Sample Survey Report

Fast-food Addiction
(English for Academic and Professional Purposes Guide, Department of Education, 2016)

Sample A.

It is no secret that the US is leading the world in its swelling obesity. The nation
is subsisting on a diet of high-calorie convenience food. In fact, Americans have
increased their spending on fast-food items from Ṩ 6 billion to Ṩ 160 billion
Annually over the past four decades. What may Come as a shock, however, is the
accumulation of evidence suggesting that the main ingredients in the typical
“hamburger, fries and a cola” are addictive compounds that keep customers lining up
for their next fix.
The key culprits are sugar and fat. Empirical studies reveal that the heavy
dosage of these substances in today’s super-sized standard of a fast-food meal can
trigger brain activity similar to that endured when a person is on hard drugs. A
representative individual serving McDonald’s or Burger King can dish out up to 2000
calories, including more than a cup of sugar and 84 grams of fats.
Single-handedly, this meal sized portion meets the full daily caloric requirement
for the average woman. Moreover, it exceeds the recommended daily allowances of
both sugar and fat for any adult, regardless of gender.
Whereas herein is an opiate, both sugar and fat stimulate endogenous opioids
such as beta-endorphins in the hypothalamus, just above the brain stem. These
naturally occurring painkillers activate the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter,
into a small cluster of cells located in the midbrain called the nucleus acumens. Here,
dopamine functions to elicit feelings of pleasure or euphoria. What’s more, it motivates
an individual to proactively repeat any action that originally fuelled its production. In
the case of sugar and fat, purported addiction is a consequence of the body craving
the release of dopamine inherent in their consumption.
To validate reports that fat and sugar behave in a drug-like fashion, researchers
have conducted laboratory studies demonstrating that they induce classic addictive
symptoms. For example, eliminating sugar from the nutritional regime of rats that are
used to a primarily sweet diet produced anxiety asymptomatic of heroin and nicotine
withdrawal. Moreover, increased tolerance to addictive food substance was noted. In
one experiment, rats were fed a chocolate drink containing a high ratio of both fat and
sugar . Although the animals were found to ingest increasing amounts of the potent
liquid, their total production of resulting brain opiates was, in fact, diminished. This
would suggest that the rodents had become progressively more tolerant to the effects
of fat and sugar. Furthermore, it is likely they would subsequently require a greater
quantity in order to achieve the same high.
Likewise in humans, brain-imaging scans of obese and non-obese persons
illustrate that the heftier the individual, the fewer dopamine receptors are present.
Researchers are uncertain whether this is the basis or the outcome of obesity.
However, it is clear that as weight rises, individuals need to consume increasingly
larger portions to experience a comparable euphoric effect.

36
40
Vocabulary
(https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary Retrieved November 3, 2020)

1. obesity (noun)
- a condition characterized by excessive accumulation and storage of fat
in the body
2. obese (adjective)
- very fat: fat in a way that is unhealthy
3. calorie (noun)
- a unit of heat used to indicate the amount of energy that foods will
produce in the human body
4. hefty (adjective)
- large and heavy: big and strong
5. dopamine (noun)
- a monoamine that is decarboxylated to dopamine and that occurs
especially as a neurotransmitter in the brain
6. euphoric (noun)
– a feeling of great happiness and excitement

Parts of the report on fast-food addiction

1. Statement of the problem : Fast-food addiction leading to obesity

2. Cause and effect : Sugar and fat in fast-food causing addiction
3. Analysis of the cause : Step by step description of how sugar and fat affect the
brain and lead to addiction
4. Proof (of the cause and effect relationship) : Laboratory experiments on rats given
a sugar and fat diet of chocolate drink
5. Application of the research : Sugar and fat addiction in rats being similar to fast-
food addiction in humans, leading to weight gain

Source: English for Academic and Professional Purposes Guide, Department of

Education, 2016.

Activity 6.3: Connect with Me!

Directions: This activity should be discussed with your classmate (pair) via online. Write
your answer in a sheet of paper. You may take a picture of your answer or
send your answers to your teacher through online.

1. What is the main issue in the introductory paragraph?

2. In the next paragraph, what do you think are the culprits?
3. How many calories are there in one serving?
4. What are the two scientific proofs, based on paragraph 4, that sugar and fat
behave like drugs causing addiction?
5. How does the author conclude the report?
6. Is there any caution suggested in the conclusion?

4137
Sample B.

Survey of Academic and General Reading in English

On 8th February 1999, a survey was conducted among 16 overseas postgraduate students at the University of
England. The purpose of the survey was to discover the reading habits in English of the students.
The survey was conducted by means of a questionnaire given to the students to complete. The first part of the
questionnaire dealt with the type of reading and its frequency. The second section was concerned with newspapers:
the type of items read and those that were read first.
From the table of data, the most significant items are as follows. In the first section 81% of the students regularly
read academic books" while 44% regularly read academic journals. Nothing else is read regularly or often by 40%
or more of the students. The following comments can be made about the reading of newspapers, magazines and
fiction. 75% sometimes read regional or local newspapers, 69% sometimes read books of fiction, 62% sometimes
read general magazines, and 56% sometimes read national daily newspapers. On the other hand, 37% never read
Sunday newspapers and 31% never read fiction.
In the second section, not surprisingly, 100% read news about their own country in newspapers and 56% read
this first. 94% read international news,
25% read this first. 81% read about Britain and look at radio and TV information. The only other item that is usually
read by more than 50% of the students is current affairs (read by 56%).
If any conclusions may be drawn from the data, they are, perhaps, as follows. Overseas students presumably
have little time for general reading: most of their reading time is spent on books and journals on their own subject.
Outside their studies, apart from reading news about their own country, international news, and news about Britain,
they probably spend most time watching TV and listening to the radio.
/from Academic Writing Course by R.R. Jordan/

Activity 6.4: Let’s Write!

Directions: Identify the parts (introduction, body and conclusion) of a survey report in
sample B. You may write or encode your answer.

Survey of Academic and General Reading in English

Introduction:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

Main Body:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

4238
 ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
Conclusion:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________.

What I have Learned

GETTING DEEPER!
Lesson:_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
What I want to say about the lesson:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________
What I found out:
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

39
43
 What I Can Do

Happy Time Together

Directions: Write a good survey report following the guidelines you learned. Choose
your own topic. Rubric is provided below.

(http://mrtrenfield.weebly.com/uploads/5/8/6/1/58616339/survey_report_rubric.pdf)

40
44
 Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the correct letter of your choice in your paper.

1. It is a formal piece of writing based on research.

A. position paper B. writing a questionnaire C. survey report
2. A technique of gathering data by asking questions to people who are taught to
have a desired information.
A. deductive method B. survey method C. questionnaire method
3. The following are the guidelines in writing a survey report, except:
A. keep it simple
B. modes of ordering
C. basic qualities of a good report
4. What is the purpose of writing a survey report?
A. to have better report
B. to study a research topic thoroughly
C. to conduct a survey
5. It is a textual generalization, consisting of text and numbers.
A. demand B. summary C. findings D. writing
6. In conducting a survey report it is important that the objective _____.
A. not clear B. accurate C. focused D. readable
7. In writing a summary, what should not include?
A. do not include your own comments or evaluation
B. the summary should not cover the original text as whole
C. the material should not be presented in a neutral fashion.
D. none of the above
8. Summarizing teaches students how to discern the most important ideas in a text.
A. yes B. no C. maybe D. not sure
9. Which of the following structure state the aim/purpose of the report, when and how the
report gathered?
A. conclusion B. main body C. objective D. Introduction
10. It is where all the information collected and analyzed is presented clearly and in detail.
A. introduction B. conclusion C. main body D. objective

45
41
Answer Key: What to do After (Pretest)

1. F (Should outline instructions or directions clearly and understandably.)

2. T
3. F (Should have open specific response options.)
4. T
5. F (Should consider appropriate time reference.)
6. T
7. F ( Should not ask two or more questions in one sentence.)
8. F ( Should avoid double negative questions.)
9. F ( Should outline instructions or directions clearly and understandably.)
10. T

What to do After (Posttest)

1. TO BE TRANSFORMED -DONE
(Answers may vary. Students will make use of their prior knowledge on constructing
correct sentences)

Possible Answers:
1. Which of the following means you use most often to become updated with the events?
3. Choose three among the choices given and place them in the boxes provided.

5. “Have you been to an out of town trip in the last 30 days?”

7. “Do you think women should eat less?”
“Do you think women should exercise more?”
8. “Are you in favor of banning marijuana?”
9. Give your age in this year.
How old are in your last birthday?

2. TO BE RETAINED

NUMBERS: 2, 4, 6,10

Answer Key: (Module 5- Lessons 3&4)

Lesson 3, Activity 1:
1. Which of these questions are leading questions?
Questions a, b, d, and g are leading questions

For questions a, d, and g- saying ‘do you agree’ leads the person answering towards
agreeing especially if combined with the majority’.

For question b- this assumes that the course has improved the person’s English when it
may not have done so.

Questions c, e, and f are not leading questions. They are straightforward questions asking
for a factual answer.

2. Here are some contingency questions. Write some suggestions for each question for the
tick boxes.

42
46
b. The company is having a party. What type of food should there be?

Suggestions:

Salad
Cold meat
Quiche
Cakes
Crisps
Fruit

c. What sports should the new sport center offer?

Suggestions:

Football
Tennis
Badminton
Swimming
Trampolining
Table tennis

d. What electronic equipment do you use?

Suggestions:

Laptop
Mobile phone
MP3 player
Play station
Nintendo DS
Other

e. Give your opinion on the bus service in town

Suggestions:

Excellent
Good Fair
Poor
Very poor

43
47
KEY ANSWERS (Lesson 4: Activity 1)

1.
Kind of Sandwich Frequency
Chicken

Egg

Tomato

Tuna

2.
Age Tally Frequency
1-10 ll 2
11-20 llll llll 9
21-30 Illl ll 7
31-40 llll l 6
41-50 llll ll 7
51-60 Ill 3
61-70 Il 2

3.
Age of Fitness Club Members
Frequency

48
44
 Frequency

Easy
OK
Hard

Key to Correction (Module 5: Lessons 5 & 6)

Activity 1
1. Patent
2. Variation
3. Economic
4. International
5. Tension
Activity 2
Answers may vary
Activity 3
Answers may vary

Lesson 6

Activity 1
Answers may vary

Activity 2
1. hamburgers, fries and cola/soda/ soft drinks are so addicting that they keep
customers coming back
2. sugar and fat as the caloric content
3. 2,000 calories
4. When sugar and fat were withdrawn from the former sweet diet of rats, the rats
exhibited anxiety similar to withdrawal symptoms from heroine and nicotine.
Chocolate with increasing sugar and fat were given to rats. When high dose of the
same drink was given, the rats showed tolerance to the effects of sugar and fat, as
seen in the diminished release of opioids/opiates. Subsequently, they would
require a higher dose to achieve the earlier effect of euphoria.
5. Applied to humans, brain scans show that the more obese one is, the fewer
receptors, suggesting that the more sugar and fat are needed to experience
euphoria.
6. The researchers caution against concluding whether dopamine receptors are the
cause/basis or rather the effect/outcome of obesity.

4945
Activities 3, 4 and 5
Answers may vary

Posttest
1. C 6. B
2. B 7. A
3. A 8. A
4. B 9. D
5. C 10. C

46
50
 POST ASSESSMENT

Prompts: Read the following statements carefully. Choose the correct letter of your
choice and write it in your paper.
1. A position paper is sometimes called_____________.
A. Concept paper B. Critique paper
C. Response Paper D. Technical Report
2. The following are essential in writing the position paper, EXCEPT
A. Introduce the topic
B. Assert the thesis
C. Provide explanation but not the evidence
D. Provide background on the topic to explain why it is important
3. It is a one- sentence statement about the topic.
A. Argument B. Introduction C. Main idea D. Thesis
4. What source to use if you are doing introductory information and overviews?
A. Academic Journals B. Books, Government reports
C. Directories, Encyclopedias, Handbooks D. Newspapers, Magazines
5. The following are asked to present a strong argument, EXCEPT
A. Is this a lengthy issue?
B. Can you identify at least two distinctive positions?
C. Is it a real issue, with genuine controversy and uncertainty?
D. Are you personally interested in advocating one of these positions?
6. The following best describes what position paper is, EXCEPT
A. A claim is not identified
B. A position paper is similar to a debate
C. An effective position paper is clear, logical and cohesive
D. A position statements may vary in depth depending on how they take the
issue
7. Which should not be considered in writing arguments for a position paper?
A. Easy writing B. Engaging writing
C. Informed Writing D. Logical Writing
8. What component should not be considered in writing an introductory paragraph of a
position paper?
A. Discussing the issue B. Expressing their opinion
C. Presenting the issue D. Stating the author’s issue
9. What is the purpose of writing a position paper?
A. to present issues on an issue
B. to generate support on an issue
C. to inform the audience on an issue
D. to express arguments on an issue
10. Which element of the position paper?
A. Introduction B Body
C. Conclusion D. Body and Conclusion
11. Which of the following is TRUE about position paper?
A. Position paper should consider issue or topic that is simple.
B. In writing position paper, you should not take side of an issue or topic.
C. Position paper explains your opinion on a specific issue or topic on logical
support.
D. All of the above

51 47
12. Below are some important things you have to consider in preparing to write a
position paper EXCEPT---
A. Choosing a topic
B. Locating and reading credible sources
C. Forming a thesis statement and arguments
D. Analyzing and summarizing reading material
13. Which of the following SHOULD NOT be included in the Conclusion?
A. Background of the issue B. Recommendations
C. Stand of the writer D. Summary of main concepts
14. Why is a topic like “ Pollution is bad for the environment” not a good idea for a
position statement?
A. It’s too controversial
B. It would take a long time to research about this topic.
C. You need an expert to sufficiently gather all the information.
D. There is no argument; everyone knows that pollution is bad for the
environment.
15. This serves as your position about an issue.
A. Claim B. Evidence C. Source D. Topic
16. This is your basis in making a claim.
A. Claim B. Evidence C. Source D. Topic
17. In selecting a good topic, which of the following statements do you need to
consider?
A. The issue must be debatable.
B. The issue or topic is not controversial at present
C. You must establish at least one side of the issue.
D. If the issue is very complex, discuss all areas of the issue.
18. What is the first thing that you need to consider in writing a Position Paper?
A. What is your interest?
B. What will the readers like to read?
C. What is your stand about an issue?
D. What are the issues in your community?
19. Why is it important to include evidences in your paper?
A. To support your stand
B. To make the call of action
C. To make the paper more realistic
D. To make the paper attractive to the readers
20. What SHOULD you include in the Introduction?
A. Background, Issue and Position B. Discussion and Evidences
C. References and Additional Data D. Summary and Recommendation
21._______is an important method used in order to collect the necessary information
that will benefit the people and the community.
A. announcement B. letter C. news D. survey
22. Which of the following does not describe a Face-to-face Structured Interview?
A. The interview is set personally.
B. The calls are made to ask individuals on particular questions.
C. Questions on the survey are asked directly to the respondent by the
researcher.
D. The people involved face each other in order to gather the necessary
information.
23. When someone is surveying using telephone or cellular phones, he is using what
type of survey?
A. Mail Survey B. Telephone survey

52 48
 C. Online Survey D. Face to face interview
24. JM is conducting a survey. She wants to give the respondents more time to read the
questions so she mailed the survey questionnaires. The method JM uses is known
as _____.
A. Mail survey B. Internet survey
C. Letter survey D. Paper-pencil Survey
25. All except one describes an effective survey questionnaire.
A. Should have any bias or prejudice.
B. Should use words that have clear meaning.
C. Should have open specific response options.
D. Should not ask two or more questions in one sentence
26. Which of the following questions is effectively constructed?
A. “Have you been experiencing stress recently?”
B. “Have you been experiencing stress in the last two weeks?”
C. “Do you students women should play less and study more?”
D. Which is the most effective way to revise the question: “Have you been
experiencing stress recently?”
27. “Are you against banning smoking at public places?” can be effectively revised
as_________________.
A. Are you in favor of banning smoking at public places?
B. Do you disagree of banning smoking at public places?
C. Don’t you agree of banning smoking at public places?
D. Are you not in favor of banning smoking at public places?
28. Which of the following is not telling about a Scientific technical report?
A. It is commonly called lab report.
B. It is also sometimes called trip report.
C. It is written in a formal and organized manner.
D. It presents results or findings from experiments.
29. The best way to administer a survey to non- computer literate respondents is using
________________.
A. Online survey B. Paper- pencil Survey
C. Telephone Survey D. Social Media Survey
30. Which is true about survey questionnaire?
A. Should have any bias or prejudice.
B. Should avoid double negative questions.
C. Should ask two or more questions in one sentence.
D. Should include too personal or too embarrassing questions.
31. What do you call to the textual generalizations, that is, a summary of the
important data consisting of the text and numbers?
A. finding B. reading
C. making D. texting
32. It is the noting of the mind and subheading.
A. evaluate the text B. skim the text
B. scan the text D. read the text
33. The following are the preliminary steps in writing a summary, except one:
A. write down the main points of each section
B. skim the text, noting your mind the subheadings
C. read the text, highlighting important information and taking notes
D. provide background information by explaining research and studies

53 49
34. When reporting the results of a survey, the figures gathered should be
given in a form of ______ and ______.
A. survey and report B. report and summary
C. text and numbers D. percentages and proportions
35. In conducting a survey report it is important that the objective is _______.
A. accurate B. focus C. unclear D. readable
36. What is the purpose of writing a survey report?
A. to conduct a survey B. to read a survey report
C. to have a better report D. to study a research topic thoroughly
37. It is a technique of gathering data by asking questions to people who are
thought to have desired information.
A. finding B. survey C.. technique D. survey method
38. Why is it important to write a good summary?
A. to understand the text
B. scan the text carefully
C. to read the text carefully
D. to thoroughly understand the material you are working with
39. It is a synthesis of the key ideas of a piece of writing, restated in your own
words.
A. finding B. survey C. summary D. technique
40. Which of the following is not a guidelines for writing the survey report?
A. modes of ordering B. value communicate
C. basic idea of a good report D. basic qualities of a good report
41. Which of the following is an open-ended question?
A. Are you a commuter? B. Why did you join the pageant?
C. Have you ever topped in an exam? D. Which type of movie do you enjoy
watching?
42. What do you call questions that simply ask respondents to answer yes or no?
A. Matrix questions B. Open-ended questions
C. Dichotomous questions D. Multiple- response questions
43. Which type of question can help you ascertain how strongly your respondents
agree to a particular statement?
A. Likert questions B. Open –ended questions
C. Dichotomous questions D. Multiple- response questions
44. What do you call multiple questions presented in a table or grid?
A. Matrix questions B. Open-ended questions
C. Dichotomous questions D. Multiple- response questions
45. What is a leading question?
A. A question that requires a yes or no response
B. A question that requires the respondent to provide more than one answer
C.A question which tries to assess the subject’s approval or disapproval on a five
point scale
D. A question that sneakily “injects” the answer you want or leads the
respondent towards a particular answer
46. The following are leading questions EXCEPT one.
A. How has this course improved your English?
B. How many TV sets do you have in your house?
C. Do you agree that eating chocolates raises your IQ?
D. Do you agree with the majority of people that bank workers earn too much?
47. Which of the methods of displaying data uses pictures to represent frequency?
A Bar graph B. Line graph
C. Pictogram D. Pie chart

50
54
48. Which of the methods of displaying data uses pie slices?
A Bar graph B. Line graph
C. Pictogram D. Pie chart
49. Which is probably the most common way of displaying data?
A Bar graph B. Line graph
C. Pictogram D. Pie chart
50. The following are examples of primary data EXCEPT--
A. Data collected by a researcher from an interview with fire victims
B. Data collected by a researcher from his respondents in a survey
C. Data collected by a researcher from an experiment he himself performed
D. Data collected by a researcher from studies, surveys, experiments that have
been run by other people or for other research.

55
51
KEY TO CORRECTION

1. D 11. C 21. D 31. A 41. B

2. C 12. D 22. B 32. B 42. C

3. D 13. A 23. B 33. D 43. A

4. C 14. D 24. A 34. D 44. A

5. A 15. A 25. A 35. A 45. D

6. A 16. B 26. B 36. D 46. B

7. A 17. A 27. A 37. D 47. C

8. A 18. D 28. B 38. D 48. D

9. B 19. A 29. B 39. C 49. A

10. C 20. A 30. B 40. C 50. D

52
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