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Module 4

This document contains practice exercises on mixtures and solutions, solubility, electrolytes and non-electrolytes, and concentration units from a student named Carlus Alfonso C. Margarico. The exercises include classifying mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous, determining the state of solutes and solvents in solutions, predicting solubility based on like-dissolves-like rules, classifying solutions as electrolytes or non-electrolytes, performing calculations involving molarity, dilution, and percentage by mass/volume. The student provides worked examples for concentration calculations and dilution problems.

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Carlus Alfonso Margarico
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34 views

Module 4

This document contains practice exercises on mixtures and solutions, solubility, electrolytes and non-electrolytes, and concentration units from a student named Carlus Alfonso C. Margarico. The exercises include classifying mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous, determining the state of solutes and solvents in solutions, predicting solubility based on like-dissolves-like rules, classifying solutions as electrolytes or non-electrolytes, performing calculations involving molarity, dilution, and percentage by mass/volume. The student provides worked examples for concentration calculations and dilution problems.

Uploaded by

Carlus Alfonso Margarico
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Carlus Alfonso C.

Margarico Section: BSMLS 1-G

4.1 MIXTURES AND SOLUTIONS


Practice Exercise 4.1a
1. Classify each of the following as homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture:
(Letter a and b were answered as example)

1. Bronze( an alloy of Sn and Cu) - homogeneous


2. Orange juice with pulp – heterogeneous
3. Diet soda - homogeneous
4. Household ammonia - homogeneous
5. Gasoline - homogeneous
6. Fog – heterogeneous
7. shaving cream - homogeneous
8. Gatorade sports drink - homogeneous

2. In each of the following, tell whether the solute/s or solvent is/are solid, liquid, or gas.
(Letter a is answered as example)

1. Cup of Coffee – solute = solid; solvent = liquid


2. Dental Amalgam – solute = liquid; solvent = liquid
3. Automobile exhaust – solute = gas; solvent = solid
4. Steel brass– solute = solid; solvent = solid
5. Champagne – solute = gas; solvent = liquid
4.2 SOLUBILITY

Practice Exercise 4.2a


1. Predict the water solubility of each compound. Use the general solubility rule- “like dissolves
like”. (Letter a is answered as an example)

1. KCl - KCl is an ionic compound, so it dissolves in water, a polar solvent.


2. methanol (CH3OH) - is a covalent compound, however it dissolves in water, a polar solvent
3. hexane(C6H14) - is a covalent compound, so it does not dissolves in water, a non-polar solvent

2. Will the following pair of compounds form a solution? Answer with Yes or No.

1. Ethyl alcohol and water –Yes


2. Oil and vinegar - No
3. Benzene (C6H6) and hexane(C6H14) - Yes
4. Na2SO4 and H2O - Yes
5. NaCl and hexane(C6H14) - No

4.3 ELECTROLYTES AND NON-ELECTROLYTES


1. Consider the following diagrams for an aqueous solution of three compounds, 1,2,3. Label
each diagram as nonelectrolyte, strong electrolyte, or weak electrolyte.

1. Strong electrolyte
2. Weak electrolyte
3. nonelectrolyte
2. Classify each solution as nonelectrolyte, strong electrolyte, or weak electrolyte.

1. HCl in water - Strong electrolyte


2. KCl in H2O - Strong electrolyte
3. Sucrose (C12H22O11) in H2O - nonelectrolyte
4. Ethyl alcohol in H2O - nonelectrolyte
5. NaOH in water - strong electrolyte

4.4 CONCENTRATION UNITS

Practice Exercise 4.4a


Solve the following problems systematically. Show process clearly. You may use dimensional
analysis. You may refer to the sample problem for reference.
1. Calculate the molarity (M) of a solution prepared by dissolving 23.7 grams of KMnO4into
enough water to make 750 mL of solution. Use molar mass of KMnO 4 = 158.0 g

23.7 𝑔
158
= 0. 15 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠

0.15𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑀= 0.750 𝐿
= 0. 2𝑀 KMnO4

2. The pain reliever acetaminophen is sold as an oral suspension for children 2-11 years of age.

1. What is the weight/volume percent concentration of acetaminophen in the suspension


which contains 160 mg per 5.0 mL?

0.160 𝑔
w/v% = 5.0 𝑚𝑙
𝑥 100 = 3. 2 w/v% acetaminophen

2. How many grams of acetaminophen are contained in a bottle that holds 4.0 fl oz?
29.5735 𝑔
4.0 fl oz 𝑥 1 𝑓𝑙 𝑜𝑧
= 118. 29 𝑚𝑙

3.2 𝑔
Mass of solute = 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑤/𝑣% =118. 29 𝑥 100 𝑚𝑙
= 3. 8 𝑔

4.5 DILUTION
Practice Exercise 4.5a
Problem Solving.

1. What quantity remains constant when you dilute a solution? Amount solute

2. 1.88 M solution of NaCl has an initial volume of 34.5 mL. What is the final concentration
of the solution if it is diluted to 134 mL?

1.88 𝑀 * 34.5 𝑚𝐿
Mi = 1.88 M Mi * Vi = Mf * Vf → 134 𝑚𝐿
= 0.48 M
Vi = 34.5 mL
Vf = 134 mL
Mf = ?

3. If the stock solution is 10.0% KCl and the final volume and concentration need to be 100
mL and 0.50%, respectively, calculate how much stock solution to use.

Ci = 10% Ci * Vi = Cf * Vf
0.50%*100𝑚𝐿
Vi = ? Vi = 10 %
=5 mL
Cf = 0.50%
Vf = 100 Ml
4. If 1.00 mL of a 2.25 M H 2SO4 solution needs to be diluted to 1.00 M, what will be its final
volume?

2.25 𝑀 * 1 𝑚𝐿
Mi = 2.25 M Mi * Vi = Mf * Vf → 1 𝑀
= 2.25mL
Vi = 1 mL
Vf = ?
Mf = 1 M

5. How much water would need to be added to 750 mL of a 2.8 M HCl solution to make a
1.0 M solution?

2.8 𝑀 * 750 𝑚𝐿
Mi = 2.8 M Mi * Vi = Mf * Vf → 1 𝑀
= 2100 mL
Vi = 750 mL
Vf = ? 2100mL - 750mL = 1350 mL
Mf = 1 M

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