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    !! MENGENALI GEJALA PERCOBAAN BUNUH DIRI DAN PERAN KELUARGA (Kemenkes 11 Sept2021)

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    pasebat
    This document discusses suicide prevention and the role of families. It identifies several risk factors for suicide including a family history of mental illness, depression, substance abuse, and prior suicide attempts. It outlines warning signs for suicidal behavior like hopelessness, impulsivity, withdrawing from others, and talking about death. The document emphasizes the importance of family cohesion, open communication, support and acceptance in suicide prevention. It provides guidance for families on how to support someone exhibiting warning signs, like not leaving them alone and encouraging them to seek professional help.

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    !! MENGENALI GEJALA PERCOBAAN BUNUH DIRI DAN PERAN KELUARGA (Kemenkes 11 Sept2021)

    Uploaded by

    pasebat
    43 views20 pages
    This document discusses suicide prevention and the role of families. It identifies several risk factors for suicide including a family history of mental illness, depression, substance abuse, and prior suicide attempts. It outlines warning signs for suicidal behavior like hopelessness, impulsivity, withdrawing from others, and talking about death. The document emphasizes the importance of family cohesion, open communication, support and acceptance in suicide prevention. It provides guidance for families on how to support someone exhibiting warning signs, like not leaving them alone and encouraging them to seek professional help.

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    !! MENGENALI GEJALA PERCOBAAN BUNUH DIRI DAN PERAN KELUARGA (kemenkes 11 sept2021) copy

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    This document discusses suicide prevention and the role of families. It identifies several risk factors for suicide including a family history of mental illness, depression, substance abuse, and prior suicide attempts. It outlines warning signs for suicidal behavior like hopelessness, impulsivity, withdrawing from others, and talking about death. The document emphasizes the importance of family cohesion, open communication, support and acceptance in suicide prevention. It provides guidance for families on how to support someone exhibiting warning signs, like not leaving them alone and encouraging them to seek professional help.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    43 views20 pages

    !! MENGENALI GEJALA PERCOBAAN BUNUH DIRI DAN PERAN KELUARGA (Kemenkes 11 Sept2021)

    Uploaded by

    pasebat
    This document discusses suicide prevention and the role of families. It identifies several risk factors for suicide including a family history of mental illness, depression, substance abuse, and prior suicide attempts. It outlines warning signs for suicidal behavior like hopelessness, impulsivity, withdrawing from others, and talking about death. The document emphasizes the importance of family cohesion, open communication, support and acceptance in suicide prevention. It provides guidance for families on how to support someone exhibiting warning signs, like not leaving them alone and encouraging them to seek professional help.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 20

    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    1
    MENGENALI GEJALA PERCOBAAN
    BUNUH DIRI DAN PERAN KELUARGA
    DALAM PENCEGAHANNYA

    NALINI MUHDI
    *PSIKIATER KONSULTAN RSUD DR SOETOMO - FK UNAIR
    *INDONESIA NATIONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION
    FOR SUICIDE PREVENTION ( IASP )
    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    2
    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    3
    SUICIDE
    PREVENTION

    High Risk Community


    Group / Population
    Strategies Strategies
    FAKTOR2 RISIKO DITEMUKAN DALAM DOMAIN
    BERBEDA
    Faktor Risiko Keluarga

    Faktor Risiko Personal/Perilaku

    Faktor Risiko Lingkungan/ Sosial

    Apa yang menjadi bbrapa faktor risiko ?


    FAKTOR RISIKO
    • Laki-laki

    • Riwayat keluarga dengan gangguan psikiatri

    • Riwayat percobaan bunuh diri sebelumnya

    • Depresi berat

    • Hopelessness / putus asa

    • Penyalahgunaan zat atau alkohol

    • Gangguan cemas

    • Gangguan kepribadian
    Long Term Long Term Triggers
    Risk Factors (Unchanging) (Modifiable)

    Family history of: Unrealistic parental Major family conflict


    • Suicide Exposure to suicide of family
    Family expectations
    • Mental illness member
    • Substance abuse Abuse (emotional, physical, Anniversary of death
    Race sexual) Moving often
    Gender
    Previous suicide attempt Extreme perfectionism Rejection

    Personal Relationship break-up


    Loss through death, abandonment, Mental illness
    Current acute mental illness
    Behavioral divorce Substance abuse
    Severe stress/anxiety
    Poor coping/social skills
    Isolation
    Impulsivity
    Increased use of substances
    Inconsistent, neglectful or abusive
    Bullying, Harassment
    parenting
    Social/ Sexual orientation
    Chronic severe stress Arrest/Incarceration
    Active suicide cluster in
    Environmental Gender identity community
    Ongoing harassment
    Experience of repeated loss Access to lethal means
    FAKTOR RISIKO SELF-HARM PADA
    REMAJA/DEWASA MUDA
    GIRLS BOYS
    • Substance abuse, including alcohol and • Substance abuse, including alcohol and
    drug abuse drug abuse
    • Self-harm by friends and family • Self-harm by friends and family
    members members
    • Sexual abuse and physical • High levels of anxiety
    maltreatment
    • High levels of impulsivity
    • Problems related to sexuality
    • Problems related to sexuality
    • Problems with parents
    • Bullying and Cyber bullying
    • Bullying and Cyber bullying
    • Problems with school work
    • Difficulties in making – keeping friends
    • Sleep problems
    • High levels of depressive symptoms
    • Sleep problems
    BUKA MATA DAN TELINGA LEBAR-LEBAR

    Direct clues: Less Direct clues:


    • I wish I was dead • Life’s just too hard
    • I’m going to end it all • You’d be better off
    without me
    • I’m going to kill
    myself • What’s the point?
    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    10 TANDA PERINGATAN PERILAKU BUNUH DIRI !


    - jika Anda mendengar atau melihat seseorang
    menunjukkan satu atau lebih dari perilaku ini:

    * Keputusasaan, Kemarahan yang tak terkendali, agresif


    * Bertindak impulsif atau terlibat dalam aktivitas berisiko
    * Merasa terjebak, seperti tidak ada jalan keluar
    * Penyalahgunaan alkohol atau narkoba
    * Menarik diri dari teman, keluarga & masyarakat
    * Kecemasan, susah tidur atau tidur sepanjang waktu
    * Mood yang berubah secara dramatis
    * Ancaman atau ucapan akan bunuh diri
    * Berbicara, menulis, berpikir tentang kematian
    DARI SISI PANDANG INDIVIDU YANG BERPIKIR INGIN BUNUH DIRI

    • Mereka berada di puncak krisis (‘mentok’)


    • Penderitaan sudah tak tertahankan
    • Tidak ada lagi solusi dari masalah
    • Pola pikir terpengaruh

    Tapi bagaimanapun:
    • Ada saat mereka mempunyai perasaan keraguan (ambivalence)
    • Umumnya mereka mengkomunikasikan bebannya (life-stress)
    • Tidak segera mencari pertolongan
    INVITATIONS TO HELP

    FEELINGS
    Desperate Worthless THOUGHTS
    Angry Lonely
    “Allof my problems will end soon”
    Guilty Sad
    Worthless “I just can’t take it anymore”
    Hopeless
    “I wish I were dead”
    “You’ll be better off without me”
    “I can’t do anything right”

    ACTIONS
    Giving away possessions
    Withdrawal
    Abuse/use of substances PHYSICAL
    Reckless behavior
    Lack of interest in appearance
    Extreme mood swings
    Changes in appetite, weight
    Increased impulsivity
    Change in sleep patterns
    Self-injury (maybe)
    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    13 LIFE-STRESS PADA MASA PANDEMI

    • Economic Stress : job loss, economic downturn.


    • Social isolation : family, friends, colleagues.
    • Community & religious support : decreased.
    • Constant vigilance & worry : self, loved ones.
    • Mental healthcare : barriers.
    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    14

    • Anxiety about infection


    • Isolation
    • Disrupted care
    • Domestic violence
    • Alcohol
    • Recession
    • Actual figures
    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    15
    - NALINI MUHDI - 8/24/19

    16 LAKUKAN SESUATU UNTUK MEREKA

    Setelah mengenali ada keluarga dengan tanda-tanda kerentanan bunuh diri,


    lakukan langkah berikut:
    • Jangan meninggalkan mereka sendirian
    • Singkirkan benda-benda yang berpotensi digunakan untuk mencelakai diri (benda
    tajam, tali, obat-obatan, cairan insektisida, bepergian sendirian)
    • Dengarkan mereka, jangan terburu-buru memberi nasihat, berikan empati
    (berusaha memahami), tanyakan apa yang saat ini dirasakan dan alasan mereka
    untuk mengakhiri hidup. Jangan menyalahkan atau membandingkan masalah
    mereka dengan orang lain.
    • Bila gejala memberat, dorong dan temani untuk meminta bantuan ahli (Psikiater,
    Psikolog) atau ke rumah sakit. Atau hubungi Crisis Helpline Center.
    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    17 FAKTOR PENTING SBG USAHA PENCEGAHAN


    BUNUH DIRI DALAM KELUARGA

    • Kohesi keluarga
    • Komunikasi terbuka dalam keluarga
    • Dukungan dan sikap menerima apa adanya
    • Mendengarkan dengan sabar dan tidak dengan menghakimi / menyalahkan
    • Mengerti dan memahami bahwa ada masalah berat yang perlu didampingi
    • Membangun harapan (HOPE)
    BUILDING HOPE

    • Membangun HOPE dengan cara fokus pada kekuatan individu dan percaya
    kemampuan individu untuk melanjutkan kehidupan meskipun ada masalah
    • Komunikasi lebih berfokus pada membangun HOPE

    • BUKAN sekadar mendengarkan dan menyelesaikan masalah


    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    19
    - NALINI MUHDI - 7/31/21

    20

    terima kasih
    -Nalini-

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