Diagnostic Test for

the TOEFL® Test

D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

D ag c Te
f he TOEFL​ ​ Te
Kno Yo Sco e

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D ec
This is a condensed ersion of the act al TOEFL test. Here is ho it looks compared to the f ll TOEFL test,
hich as pdated on A g st 1st, 2019.

Test
TOEFL Test Diagnostic Test
Sections
Reading 54 min tes, 30 q estions 18 min tes, 10 q estions

Listening 40-50 min tes, 28 q estions 20-30 min tes, 17 q estions

Speaking 20-25 min tes, 4 q estions 12-16 min tes, 3 q estions

Writing 60 min tes, 2 q estions 30 min tes, 1 q estion

The main p rpose of this test is for o to identif o r c rrent abilit le el and get a ro gh idea of hat
o might score on test da .

Follo the steps before each section so o mimic the test da e perience.

*** Be a a e ha hi i l a e i a e f c e le el, a i e ha hi i he c e
ill ea e da .

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The Read g Sec

n this diagnostic test for the reading section, o ill be e pected to read an academic passage and
ans er ten q estions abo t it.

Be s re to follo these steps caref ll :

Step 1: Find a q iet space and time for o to foc s for abo t 45 min tes (if o plan on completing both
the reading and listening sections).

Step 2: Create t o copies of the diagnostic test. t ill be m ch easier to read and ans er the q estions.
Also, the real test ill ha e a similar la o t.

Step 3: For the reading, hen o are read to start, set a timer for 18 min tes. Be s re to stop after 18
min tes e en if o ha en t ans ered all the q estions.

Good luck!

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Ceratopsians

The ceratopsians, also kno n as ceratopsia or ceratopia, are among the most ell-kno n and distincti e of all
dinosa r species. The majorit of ceratopsians ere fo r-legged dinosa rs that ranged in length from one meter
(three feet) to nine meters and in eight from 23 kilograms (50 po nds) to 5,400 kilograms. The earliest
ceratopsians li ed aro nd 161 million ears ago, and the last ones died o t appro imatel 66 million ears ago
d ring the Cretaceo s-Paleogene e tinction e ent. The first fossil remains of ceratopsians ere disco ered in the
mid to late nineteenth cent r , and the ere first classified as separate from other dinosa r species in 1890 b
Othniel Charles Marsh, one of the preeminent paleontologists of the period.

The most disting ishing feat res of ceratopsians can be fo nd on their sk lls. The t picall ha e parrot-like
beaks, a frill of bone on their heads, and one or more horns on their faces. ndeed, the name ceratopsian deri es
from the Greek ords for horn and face. n chasmosa rines like Triceratops, the horns and frill ere s all
long, b t the frill rarel had spines; in centrosa rines like St racosa r s, the horns and frill ere relati el short
b t the frill often had spines. The f nction of the horns and bon frills is ncertain. One theor is that the ser ed
a defensi e p rpose to protect the dinosa rs from attacks b predators s ch as T rannosa r s Re . Ho e er, in
some species of ceratopsians, the horns ere small and the frills ere either small or relati el fragile beca se
the had large openings in them, hich o ld ha e se erel limited their defensi e al e. Other theories are that
the helped the animals rid themsel es of e cess heat, or recogni e others of the same species.

The majorit ie among scientists is that ceratopsians ere herbi ores. n addition to their beak, hich is
designed for biting thro gh hea egetation, the ha e ro s of teeth in their cheeks that o ld ha e allo ed
them to e tract n trition b che ing and grinding plants. n terms of ho the li ed, e idence from bone beds
areas in hich fossils of do ens or h ndreds of indi id al dinosa rs of different ages and genders ha e been
fo nd s ggest that man , if not all, species of ceratopsians li ed together in herds. These herds ma ha e
contained h ndreds of animals that mo ed slo l across the land gra ing the lo -l ing egetation. n general,
males had larger frills and horns than females and ma ha e been correspondingl larger o erall, too.

The er earliest species of ceratopsians from the J rassic period ha e onl been fo nd in parts of hat is
no Asia. This fact strongl s ggests that this is here the dinosa rs originated. Fossil e idence from later
periods sho s that ario s species of ceratopsians had migrated to hat is no North America b the middle of
the Cretaceo s period. The n mber of ceratopsian fossils disco ered in these regions implies that some species of
ceratopsians ere the dominant herbi ores in their en ironments. n parts of Mongolia, for instance, the most
common dinosa r fossils disco ered are those of t o species of ceratopsians: Psittacosa r s and Protoceratops.
And in estern parts of North America, more than eight in ten large fossils of dinosa rs are from Triceratops.
Un s all , the sk lls of ceratopsians are the most commonl preser ed bones.

The earliest species of ceratopsians to be disco ered ere Agatha mas, Pol ona , and Monocloni s, all in the
1870s. Among the most recentl identified species is Wendiceratops, hich as nearthed in Alberta, Canada
bet een 2011 and 2014. To date, scientists belie e the ha e disco ered and classified almost eight different
species of ceratopsians. Among the most n s al of these is the Psittacosa r s, hose name translates to
parrot-li ard, the onl ceratopsian belie ed to ha e alked on t o legs rather than fo r. Like the parrot-li ard, a

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n mber of the classifications are still the s bject of debate. Some scholars ha e contended that fossil bones,
hich ha e been classified as coming from t o different species of ceratopsians, co ld in fact represent
indi id als of the same species b t of different ages -- a j enile and a mat re ad lt, for e ample -- or e en
different genders. The iss e of classification is not likel to be resol ed ntil man more additional fossils are
disco ered.

Reading Paragraph 1

The ceratopsians, also kno n as ceratopsia or ceratopia, are among the most ell-kno n and distincti e of all
dinosa r species. The majorit of ceratopsians ere fo r-legged dinosa rs that ranged in length from one meter
(three feet) to nine meters and in eight from 23 kilograms (50 po nds) to 5,400 kilograms. The earliest
ceratopsians li ed aro nd 161 million ears ago, and the last ones died o t appro imatel 66 million ears ago
d ring the Cretaceo s-Paleogene e tinction e ent. The first fossil remains of ceratopsians ere disco ered in the
mid to late nineteenth cent r , and the ere first classified as separate from other dinosa r species in 1890 b
Othniel Charles Marsh, one of the preeminent paleontologists of the period.

1. The ord distincti e in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to

a. Charismatic
b. Formati e
c. mpassi e
d. Recogni able

2. n paragraph 1, the author sa s that ceratopsians

a. Are among the largest of all dinosa rs

b. Varied significantl in si e and eight
c. Went e tinct abo t 160 million ears ago
d. Were disco ered b scientists in 1890

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Reading Paragraph 2

The most disting ishing feat res of ceratopsians can be fo nd on their sk lls. The t picall ha e parrot-like
beaks, a frill of bone on their heads, and one or more horns on their faces. ndeed, the name ceratopsian deri es
from the Greek ords for horn and face. n chasmosa rines like Triceratops, the horns and frill ere s all
long, b t the frill rarel had spines; in centrosa rines like St racosa r s, the horns and frill ere relati el short
b t the frill often had spines. The f nction of the horns and bon frills is ncertain. One theor is that the ser ed
a defensi e p rpose to protect the dinosa rs from attacks b predators s ch as T rannosa r s Re . Ho e er, in
some species of ceratopsians, the horns ere small and the frills ere either small or relati el fragile beca se
the had large openings in them, hich o ld ha e se erel limited their defensi e al e. Other theories are that
the helped the animals rid themsel es of e cess heat, or recogni e others of the same species.

3. Which of the follo ing is NOT true about the horns and frills of ceratopsians?

a. The characteristics of frills and horns changed depending on the species

b. Researchers agree that the horns and frills ere sed to h nt other animals
c. The frills and horns ere sometimes small and easil breakable
d. Some belie e that the frills and horns helped ceratopsians cool do n

4. What can be inferred from the information in paragraph 2?

a. Ceratopsians needed relati el little protection from predators

b. Chasmosa rines and centrosa rines are kinds of ceratopsians
c. The climate as arm in the regions here ceratopsians li ed
d. The sk lls of ceratopsians are larger than those of other dinosa rs

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Reading Paragraph 3

The majorit ie among scientists is that ceratopsians ere herbi ores. n addition to their beak, hich is
designed for biting thro gh hea egetation, the ha e ro s of teeth in their cheeks that o ld ha e allo ed
them to e tract n trition b che ing and grinding plants. n terms of ho the li ed, e idence from bone beds
areas in hich fossils of do ens or h ndreds of indi id al dinosa rs of different ages and genders ha e been
fo nd s ggest that man , if not all, species of ceratopsians li ed together in herds. These herds ma ha e
contained h ndreds of animals that mo ed slo l across the land gra ing the lo -l ing egetation. n general,
males had larger frills and horns than females and ma ha e been correspondingl larger o erall, too.

5. n paragraph 3, all of the follo ing are mentioned about ceratopsians EXCEPT

a. Their teeth ere designed to che thro gh animal bone

b. The preferred to li e ith other ceratopsians
c. The ate mostl plants
d. The male feat res ere s all bigger than females

6. Wh does the author mention the teeth of ceratopsians in paragraph 3?

a. To ill strate h researchers belie e ceratopsians ate mostl plants

b. To pro ide more details on ho most ceratopsians looked
c. To sho the difference bet een ceratopsians and h mans
d. To e plain the reason most ceratopsians li ed in herds

7. Which of the follo ing best e presses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in
paragraph 3? ncorrect choices change the meaning in important a s or lea e out essential
information.

a. Disco eries of ceratopsian remains s ggest that the li ed in gro ps

b. Fossils of indi id al herds of ceratopsians ha e been disco ered in bone beds
c. The e idence sho s ceratopsians of all ages and genders li ed, ate, and slept in gro ps
d. N mero s fossils s pport the idea that indi id al ceratopsians differed from each other

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Reading Paragraph 4

The er earliest species of ceratopsians from the J rassic period ha e onl been fo nd in parts of hat is
no Asia. This fact strongl s ggests that this is here the dinosa rs originated. Fossil e idence from later
periods sho s that ario s species of ceratopsians had migrated to hat is no North America b the middle of
the Cretaceo s period. The n mber of ceratopsian fossils disco ered in these regions implies that some species of
ceratopsians ere the dominant herbi ores in their en ironments. n parts of Mongolia, for instance, the most
common dinosa r fossils disco ered are those of t o species of ceratopsians: Psittacosa r s and Protoceratops.
And in estern parts of North America, more than eight in ten large fossils of dinosa rs are from Triceratops.
Un s all , the sk lls of ceratopsians are the most commonl preser ed bones.

8. According to paragraph 4, hich of the follo ing is true of ceratopsians?

a. More fossils of ceratopsians ha e been fo nd than scientists e pected

b. t is n s al to find fossili ed sk lls of large ceratopsians in North America
c. Triceratops ere the strongest of all ceratopsians
d. O er time ceratopsians mo ed o t of the region the originall came from

9. Look at the four squares (A, B, C, D) that indicate here the follo ing sentence could be added to
the passage.

Af e he e i i ial fi di g , e ce a ia e e ea hed ac he gl be.

Where o ld the sentence best fit?

A The earliest species of ceratopsians to be disco ered ere Agatha mas, Pol ona , and Monocloni s, all in the
1870s. B Among the most recentl identified species is Wendiceratops, hich as nearthed in Alberta, Canada
bet een 2011 and 2014. C To date, scientists belie e the ha e disco ered and classified almost eight different
species of ceratopsians. D Among the most n s al of these is the Psittacosa r s, hose name translates to
parrot-li ard, the onl ceratopsian belie ed to ha e alked on t o legs rather than fo r.

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10. D RECT ONS: An introductor sentence for a brief summar of the passage is pro ided belo .
Complete the summar b selecting the THREE ans er choices that e press the most important
ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summar because the e press ideas
that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is orth 2
points.

Ce a ia a e a ell-k ki d f di a i h e e al di i g i hi g fea e .

-
-
-

a. The horns and frills on their head ere sed for ario s p rposes
b. Ceratopsian dinosa rs died o t beca se of predators like T rannosa r s
c. t is rare to find ceratopsian fossils e cept in specific regions of Asia
d. Ceratopsia remains s ggest that these species thri ed for millions of ears on m ltiple continents
e. Ceratopsian dinosa rs ate mostl plants and tended to li e ith others
f. There are man species of ceratopsia b t the e act n mber is disp ted

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The L e g Sec

n this part of the test, o ill be e pected to listen to one con ersation and t o academic lect res.

This icon s mboli es that there is a listening passage.

Be s re to follo the follo ing steps caref ll :

Step 1: Pla the first passage on the ne t page onl once, itho t looking at the q estions.

Step 2: After listening to the passage, ans er the fi e q estions on the follo ing page. Ans er the
q estions in order. Yo can NOT skip q estions.

Step 3: After o finish those q estions, t rn the page and pla the second passage. Do not look at
the q estions.

Step 4: After listening to the passage, t rn the page and ans er the ne t si q estions.

Step 5: Pla the final passage onl once itho t pre ie ing the q estions.

Step 6: T rn the page and ans er the si q estions abo t the third passage.

Good luck!

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Listening Passage #1

Directions: No listen to a con ersation bet een a st dent and his professor.

NOTE TO STUDENT:

Do NOT look at the q estions on the ne t page ntil after o listen. Get a pen and a piece of paper and
get read to take notes. Click the icon abo e or the link belo hen o re read .

Listen to a con ersation bet een a student and his professor

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Directions: No , ans er the q estions.

1. Wh does the student go to see his professor?

a. To ask abo t enrolling in her class ne t semester

b. To complain abo t another professor's assignment
c. To find more information on the topic he needs to research
d. To disc ss an assignment he has ritten

2. What is the professor initiall confused about?

a. Whether the st dent is taking her class or Professor Saeed s class

b. Wh the st dent is asking her q estions abo t Professor Saeed's class
c. Wh the st dent is interested in the co rses she teaches
d. Whether the st dent is act all enrolled at the ni ersit

3. Listen again to part of the con ersation. What does the professor mean hen she
sa s this?

a. She respects the st dent s interests

b. Part of the sit ation is clearer to her
c. The st dent s response makes sense
d. She has a concern abo t the sit ation

4. B the end of the con ersation, ho does the professor feel about the student's research?

a. She belie es she can help him ith some reso rces
b. She feels like he sho ld be talking to another professor
c. She thinks he o ld be better off st d ing in the librar than in a cafe
d. She feels that he is not read for grad ate-le el co rses

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5. What point does the student make about his stud habits?

a. He prefers st d ing ith his friends

b. He mostl st dies at home or in a caf
c. He almost al a s st dies in the librar
d. He likes st d ing in places that are q iet

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Listening Passage #2

Directions: No listen to part of a talk in an en ironmental st dies class.

NOTE TO STUDENT:

Do NOT look at the q estions on the ne t page ntil after o listen. Get a pen and a piece of paper and
get read to take notes. Click the icon abo e or the link belo hen o re read .

Listen to part of a talk in an en ironmental studies class

***V cab la i e i e ided i i e f he i a be fa ilia he de ,b

e e ial f de a di g he lec e.

ind po er

ind t rbine

lattice blades

monopole design

indstalk

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Directions: No , ans er the q estions.

1. What is the talk mainl about?

a. Ho to sol e a problem ca sed b ind t rbines

b. The effects of po er generation on animals
c. Wa s in hich birds are affected b the ind
d. Ho ind can be sed to generate electricit

2. According to the professor, ho man birds do ind turbines kill each ear in America?

a. No more than 10,000

b. Bet een 10,000 and 500,000
c. Appro imatel 10,000
d. O er 500,000

3. What does the professor sa about earl designs of ind turbines? Select t o.

a. The had solid spinning blades

b. The ere ha ardo s for birds
c. Their blades ere in a lattice
d. The ne er harmed animals that alk on land

4. What point does the professor make about the Windstalk design?

a. t is so large that birds can see it from a distance and fl aro nd it

b. t is safe beca se it onl has one rotating blade
c. t is tho ght to be eas for birds to see and a oid
d. t is narro so birds are nlikel to hit it hen fl ing

5. What does the speaker impl about the impact of the use of ind turbines on the en ironment?

a. Wind energ sho ld replace all other forms of energ

b. t is diffic lt to predict ho ne energ so rces ill affect the en ironment
c. Researchers m st find a sol tion to stop the mass killing of birds b t rbines
d. All ind t rbine farms m st be eq ipped ith radar detection

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6. Wh does the professor mention a facilit in Te as?

a. To name an alternati e sol tion for protecting birds sing technolog

b. Beca se there are man offshore ind farms operating from there
c. To describe here the original ind t rbines ere b ilt
d. Beca se the Windstalk design as created at this location

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Listening Passage #3

Directions: No listen to part of a talk in an American histor class.

NOTE TO STUDENT:

Do NOT look at the q estions on the ne t page ntil after o listen. Get a pen and a piece of paper and
get read to take notes. Click the icon abo e or the link belo hen o re read .

Listen to part of a talk in an American histor class

***V cab la i e i e ided i i e f he i a be fa ilia he de ,b

e e ial f de a di g he lec e.

The Lo isiana P rchase

Ne Orleans

Thomas Jefferson

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Directions: No , ans er the q estions.

1. What is the professor s main purpose in gi ing this lecture?

a. To highlight the e ents leading to the Lo isiana P rchase

b. To arg e that the sale of Lo isiana as of great importance
c. To e plain h Thomas Jefferson as an effecti e president
d. To describe the ca ses and effects of the Lo isiana P rchase

2. According to the professor, hich modern-da states ere holl ithin the Louisiana Territor
at the time of its purchase? Select t o.

a. Arkansas
b. Colorado
c. Kansas
d. Lo isiana

3. According to the lecture, h as the Louisiana Purchase important?

a. t helped boost the French econom

b. t ga e the American go ernment more control o er the land
c. t solidified Thomas Jefferson's rep tation as a great president
d. t helped impro e the relationship bet een France and America

4. Listen again to part of the lecture. What does the professor impl hen he sa s this?

a. Some politicians belie ed Jefferson s point of ie as mistaken

b. Some politicians felt the Lo isiana P rchase as nconstit tional
c. Some politicians felt the Constit tion pro ided too little information
d. Some politicians did not ant Jefferson to ha e treaties ith France

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5. Listen again to part of the talk. Wh does the professor sa this?

a. To s ggest that the price paid for Lo isiana as too e pensi e

b. To remind st dents that the United States is a modern co ntr
c. To help st dents nderstand the act al cost of the Lo isiana P rchase
d. To pro e that the price for Lo isiana o ld be a lot more toda

6. What effects of the Louisiana Purchase does the professor mention? Select t o.

a. t increased the pop lation and nat ral reso rces of the United States
b. t ga e the United States more control o er the continent
c. t pro ed the United States co ld emplo peacef l diplomac methods
d. t allo ed the United States to prod ce more timber for trade

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The S ea g Sec

n this section, o ill be e pected to ans er three speaking q estions. Keep in mind that on test da o
ill ha e fo r speaking q estions.

n this shortened ersion of the TOEFL test q estion three has been omitted. Q estion three consists of a
reading and listening passage on an academic topic. n this test, q estion three matches the format of a
t pical TOEFL Speaking q estion n mber fo r, here o listen to an academic passage.

For each q estion, be s re to follo these steps:

Step 1: Read the q estion and set a timer based on the directions.

Step 2: Record o r response to each q estion.

Step 3: When o finish, check the ans er ke for sample responses.

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Speaking Task 1 Question

Directions: Yo ill no be asked a q estion abo t a familiar topic. After o hear the q estion,
o ill ha e 15 seconds to plan o r response and 45 seconds to speak.

Yo ha e to ol nteer ho rs at o r ni ersit librar , o ld o rather:

a. Stack books
b. Read to children
c. Help ith nternet searches

PREPARE - 15 Seconds
SPEAK - 45 Seconds

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Speaking Task 2

Directions: Yo ill no read a short passage and then listen to a con ersation on the same topic.
Yo ill then be asked a q estion abo t the passages. After o hear the q estion, o ill ha e 30
seconds to prepare o r response and 60 seconds to speak.

Yo ha e 45 seconds to read the passage belo . Yo ma begin reading no .

The Uni ersit Orchestra Spring Concert Cancelled

The M sic and Drama Department has decided to discontin e the Uni ersit Orchestra s spring
concert. The reason for this decision is that there has been er little interest in the e ent o er
the past three ears. n other ords, there ha e not been eno gh tickets sold to j stif the cost.
This ear, the concert ill be replaced b the Drama Department's prod ction of Hamlet
beca se s r e s sho that st dents prefer to atch pla s than listen to classical m sic concerts.
The increase in re en e from ticket sales ill be sed to reno ate and e pand the a ditori m.

No listen to a con ersation about the same topic

No ans er the question.

The oman e presses her opinion on the Uni ersit Orchestra Spring Concert being canceled. State her opinion
and e plain the reasons she gi es for holding that opinion.

Preparation Time: 30 seconds

Response Time: 60 seconds

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Speaking Task 3 Question

Directions: Yo ill no listen to part of a lect re. Yo ill then be asked a q estion abo t it. After
o hear the q estion, o ill ha e 20 seconds to prepare o r response and 60 seconds to speak.

No , listen to part of a lecture in a business studies class

No ans er the question.

Using points and details from the talk, e plain hat eq it compensation is, and h companies might offer it to
emplo ees.

Preparation Time: 20 seconds

Response Time: 60 seconds

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The W g Sec

n this shortened ersion of the TOEFL Writing section, o ill be e pected to rite at least 300 ords in
response to a q estion. Please be s re to pro ide o r opinion on the q estion, along ith reasons and
e amples. Yo ill ha e 30 min tes to t pe o r response.

n this shortened ersion of the TOEFL test, q estion one has been omitted. Q estion one consists of a
reading and listening passage on an academic topic.

When riting o r essa , be s re to follo these steps:

Step 1: Read the q estion and set a timer based on the directions.

Step 2: T pe o r essa in a program that does not incl de an a tomatic spell check f nction.

Step 3: When o finish, check the ans er ke for a sample essa .

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Writing Task 1 - Question

Directions: For this task, o ill rite an essa in response to a q estion that asks o to state,
e plain, and s pport o r opinion on an iss e.

T picall , an effecti e essa ill contain a minim m of 300 ords. Yo r essa ill be j dged based on the
q alit of o r riting. This incl des the de elopment of o r ideas, the organi ation of o r essa , and
the q alit and acc rac of the lang age o se to e press o r ideas.

Yo ha e 30 min tes to plan and complete o r essa .

N e ha e e , e le a e a a e f he i a ce f g d heal h. U f a el , a ha e
life le habi ha a e diffic l b eak. i c cial f e le ad be e h ical a d die a
i e if he e ec i e hei heal h. Which f he f ll i g d hi k i he be a
a i g d heal h?

- Pa ici a i g i g
- Lea i g h c k heal h eal
- J i i gag a d f ll i g a ic e e ci e i e

Use specific reasons and e amples to s pport o r essa . Be s re to se o r o n ords. Do not se

memori ed e amples.

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D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te
An e Ke

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Note to Student

All the scores in each section of this hando t are gi en based on a range of points (i.e. 26-28), rather than
a specific score. Here are three reasons h :

a. A diagnostic test is meant to be an estimate of our score, not a specific number.

b. This is a shortened ersion of the e am. Your score ma fluctuate in a longer format.
c. We are not official emplo ees of ETS, therefore, e do not ant to gi e specific scores and
ha e ou falsel assume ETS ould do the same.

***Check o r ans ers and then se the ke s belo to estimate o r reading and listening scores.

Reading Section Listening Section

Ra Points Score Estimate Ra Points Score Estimate

11 28-30 17 29-30

10 26-28 16 28-29

9 23-26 15 26-28

8 20-23 14 24-26

7 17-20 13 22-24

6 14-17 12 20-22

5 11-14 11 18-20

4 8-11 10 16-18

3 5-8 9 14-16

2 2-5 8 12-14

1 0-2 7 10-12

6 8-10

5 6-8

4 4-6

3 2-4

2 0-2

27
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Ceratopsians: Ans er Ke

1. D ( ocabular )

D is the correct ans er beca se distincti e means characteristic of one person or thing, th s making it
more "recogni able. This ord is describing ceretopsia, a species of dinosa r, so A ( charismatic ) does not
make sense. Also, the conte t cl e before this ord indicates that the are also ell-kno n, so D is the
best fit.

2. B (detail)

B is correct beca se the a thor states that The majorit of ceratopsians ere fo r-legged dinosa rs that
ranged in length from one meter (three feet) to nine meters and in eight from 23 kilograms (50 po nds) to
5,400 kilograms. A is incorrect beca se this information as ne er mentioned. C is not correct beca se the
third sentence states "the last ones died o t appro imatel 66 million ears ago...". D is incorrect beca se the
last sentence of paragraph one mentions that "...the ere first classified as separate from other dinosa rs in
1890", not disco ered.

3. B (negati e detail)

B is the correct ans er beca se the sentence in the middle of the passage states, "...the f nction of the
horns and bon frills is ncertain." A is incorrect beca se the passage states that the horns and frills ere
sometimes strong, hile at other times fragile. C is incorrect beca se the passage states "...the horns ere
small and the frills ere either small or relati el fragile...". D is not correct beca se the last sentence of the
paragraph states, "...other theories are that the helped the animals rid themsel es of e cess heat...".

4. B (inference)

B is correct beca se after mentioning ceratopsian in the second sentence, the follo ing t o sentences
describe s b-species of ceratopsian: chasmosa rines and centrosa rines. A is incorrect beca se it is not
mentioned in the passage. C is incorrect beca se e en tho gh the last sentence of paragraph 2 states
"...the helped the animals rid themsel es of e cess heat..." this co ld be d e to factors other than climate. D
is incorrect beca se sk ll si e is ne er mentioned or all ded to.

5. A (negati e detail)

A is the correct ans er beca se the passage mentions that the ha e ro s of teeth in their cheeks that
o ld ha e allo ed them to e tract n trition b che ing and grinding plants, not animals. This means that
option C is tr e, so it is incorrect. Choices B and D are incorrect beca se the paragraph states that
ceratopsians li ed together in herds and that the males ere larger than females.

28
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

6. A (author's purpose)

A is correct beca se the second sentence of the paragraph states, "in addition to their beak hich is
designed for biting thro gh hea egetation...". B is incorrect beca se it does pro ide more details on ho
ceratopsia look, b t this is not the reason h the a thor mentioned their teeth. C is incorrect beca se the
a thor does not mention that the ere good at finding certain plants. D is also incorrect beca se the
li ed in a herd, b t this is not related to the mention of their teeth.

7. A (paraphrasing)

A is the correct ans er beca se it best e presses the main idea of this sentence. The most important
piece of information in this sentence is that the "...e idence from bone beds...s ggest... ceratopsians li ed
together." B is not correct beca se the onl incl de half of this information. C is rong beca se it incl des
some information that is not directl stated b t m st be inferred, partic larl that the ate and slept
together. D is also rong beca se this is not hat the sentence is sa ing.

8. D (detail)

D is correct beca se the second sentence of the paragraph states, "...that ario s species of ceratopsians
had migrated...". A is incorrect beca se the ne er mention ho man fossils scientists e pected to find. B
is incorrect beca se the a thor stated the opposite in the last sentence of the paragraph. C is incorrect
beca se the passage ne er mentions that triceratops ere dominant.

9. B (insert)

B is the correct ans er. The ke no n reference here is "After these initial findings...", hich is all ding to
the pre io s sentence that states "...the earliest species of ceratopsians to be disco ered ere...". Therefore, A
o ld not make sense at the start of the paragraph. C and D are also incorrect beca se the sentences that
follo e plain here the ere nearthed and hat as disco ered, so this sentence m st come before
them.

10. A, D, and E (summar )

A, D, and E are the correct options beca se these choices are directl related to the gi en statement,
"Ceratopsia are a ell-kno n kind of dinosa r ith se eral disting ishing feat res." B is ne er mentioned in
the passage. C is incorrect beca se the li ed on m ltiple continents. F is incorrect beca se it is not
directl related to the main idea.

29
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Reading Scoring Chart

Keep in mind that there are onl 10 q estions, b t the highest ra score is 11. Q estion #10, the s mmar
q estion, is orth t o points.

Reading Section

Ra Points Score Estimate

11 28-30

10 26-28

9 23-26

8 20-23

7 17-20

6 14-17

5 11-14

4 8-11

3 5-8

2 2-5

1 0-2

M reading score estimate is: _______________________.

30
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Listening Ans er Ke

Passage #1: Ans er Ke

1. C (main idea)

After some conf sion, in the middle of the passage, the st dent states, "Act all , j st anted to talk to o
abo t the reading list for o r class. Yo see, Professor Saeed lets s choose o r o n topic for this
end-of-semester assignment. came p ith an interesting topic and started researching it, b t co ldn t find
man books or articles ith sef l information. When mentioned this to him, Professor Saeed said m topic as
something that o co er in o r class. as hoping to see o r reading list to do more foc sed research. Wo ld
that be possible?" Since the st dent is looking for a reading list ith helpf l reso rces, it is clear that C is the
best choice. A is incorrect beca se that as part of the conf sion in the beginning and not h the
st dent came to the office. B is incorrect beca se the st dent is not complaining and D is incorrect
beca se he ne er mentions that he rote the assignment.

2. C (detail)

Within the first 30 seconds, the professor states, Yo are right, that m teaching orld histor class ne t
semester, b t m not s re it s orth disc ssing. don t mean to so nd negati e, b t if o are in Professor
Saeed s orld histor class this semester, o ha e no reason to take m class ne t semester. The t o of s ha e
different teaching st les, of co rse, b t the classes are prett m ch the same. A is incorrect beca se she
alread kno s he has enrolled in Professor Saeed s class. B is incorrect beca se the st dent has not asked
an q estions abo t Professor Saeed s c rric l m and D is ne er mentioned or implied.

3. B (function)

The ke phrase here is in the first fe ords here the professor sa s, Well, that makes more sense in one
respect, hich implies that she nderstands a portion of the sit ation, b t she is still nclear abo t
something else, hich is h B is the best ans er.

4. A (detail)

A is correct beca se she is elaborating on the reso rces she can pro ide hen her comp ter is p and
r nning and also hat is a ailable in the librar . B is incorrect beca se this is her feeling to ards the
beginning of the con ersation. C and D are incorrect beca se the are ne er mentioned or implied b the
professor. At the end of the con ersation she gi es some conditions, b t finall states:
- Great! No , the second iss e is that since it s for grad-le el class, some of the books in the reading list are
reser ed for grad st dents. As nderstand it, o can se those books in the librar , b t not borro them.
- That s fine. M friends like st d ing in a coffee shop or at home, b t generall find those en ironments
distracting, so m fine ith reading in a librar .
- Well, so that s fine. ll send o the list as soon as can, Peter.

31
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

5. D (detail)

D is correct beca se the librar is a q iet place, especiall hen compared to a coffee shop. A and B are
incorrect beca se the st dent act all states or implies the opposite. C is incorrect beca se the st dent
ne er mentions isiting the librar before. At the end of the con ersation, the st dent ass res the
professor that:
- Great! No , the second iss e is that since it s for grad-le el class, some of the books in the reading list are
reser ed for grad st dents. As nderstand it, o can se those books in the librar , b t not borro them.
- That s fine. M friends like st d ing in a coffee shop or at home, b t generall find those en ironments
distracting, so m fine ith reading in a librar .
- Well, so that s fine. ll send o the list as soon as can, Pete.

32
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Passage #1: Transcript

Man: E c se me, Professor Ellison?

Woman: Yes, that s right. Ho can help o ?
Man: M name is Pete, Pete Dr itt, and m taking Professor Saeed s orld histor class. He mentioned that o
ha e a class ne t semester on the same topic and anted to ask o abo t it.
Woman: Yo are right that m teaching orld histor class ne t semester, b t m not s re it s orth disc ssing.
don t mean to so nd negati e, b t if o are in Professor Saeed s orld histor class this semester, o
ha e no reason to take m class ne t semester. The t o of s ha e different teaching st les, of co rse, b t
the classes are the orld histor or , so the content of his class and m class ill be the same.
Man: Sorr , didn t e plain er clearl . anted to ask abo t o r grad ate-le el class of orld histor , not
orld histor or .
Woman: Well, that makes more sense in one respect, b t still ant to clear things p. f o are in orld
histor or , m g essing o are an ndergrad ate, and, as o kno , ndergrad ates are not
generall permitted to take grad-le el classes.
Man: Act all , j st anted to talk to o abo t the reading list for o r class. Yo see, professor Saeed lets s
choose o r o n topic for this end-of-semester assignment. came p ith an interesting topic and started
researching it, b t co ldn t find man books or articles ith sef l information. When mentioned this to
him, Professor Saeed told me m topic as something that o co er in o r class. as hoping to see
o r reading list to do more foc sed research. Wo ld that be possible?
Woman: Oh, OK. nderstand the sit ation no . d be happ to gi e o the reading list. There s a co ple of
things, tho gh. First, had a problem ith m comp ter esterda and apparentl , it needs a ne disc
dri e. The T department is handling it, b t apparentl , the ha e a backlog of problems to sort o t. Can
email o the list hen m comp ter is p and r nning?
Man: Oh, absol tel . M assignment is not d e ntil the end of the semester so there s plent of time. f o are
OK, ll send o an email later and o j st repl and attach the list hen o get a chance.
Woman: Great! No , the second iss e is that since it s for grad-le el class, some of the books in the reading list
are reser ed for grad st dents. As nderstand it, o can se those books in the librar , b t not borro
them.
Man: That s fine. M friends like st d ing in a coffee shop or at home, b t generall find those en ironments
distracting, so m fine ith reading in a librar .
Woman: Well, so that s fine. ll send o the list as soon as can, Pete.
Man: Thanks, professor.

33
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Passage #2: Ans er Ke

1. A (main idea)

After listening to the hole passage, it s clear that A is the best ans er. B is incorrect beca se the topic is
ind t rbines, not po er generation in general. C is also incorrect beca se the talk is abo t ho birds are
affected b ind t rbines, not the ind.

2. B (detail)

B is the correct ans er beca se at aro nd the one min te mark the professor states, There s considerable
debate abo t ho man birds are killed b t rbines in the United States ann all , and estimates ar from as
lo as ten tho sand to as high as half a million.

3. B, C (detail)

B and C are correct beca se the professor states, Earlier t rbines had lattice blades that attracted birds and
res lted in man deaths. A and D are ne er mentioned in the passage.

4. C (detail)

When the professor describes Windstalk he states, When ind ca ses the stocks to s a , the discs compress
generating a c rrent. Since the stocks gentl s a in the ind rather than rotating er q ickl , birds are more
likel to see them, and it s considered nlikel that the o ld collide ith them. This is h C is the best
ans er. The Windstalk has no blades, so B is incorrect. A and D are also rong beca se the professor
ne er mentions ho large or narro the Windstalk is. t is the gentle s a that makes the stocks easier for
birds to see, not their si e or shape.

5. B (inference)

n the er last lines of the passage, the professor concl des b sa ing that, The impact of ind t rbines on
bird pop lations indicates ho comple the problems can be. When researchers are looking for so rces of
energ that ill minimi e the en ironmental damage, the need to consider the entire ecos stem. The ke
phrase is indicates ho comple the problem is hich implies that it is diffic lt to predict ho a ne energ
so rce ill affect the en ironment, so B is the best ans er. The professor ne er mentions other forms of
energ , so A is not an inference that can be made. C and D are both topics mentioned in the lect re, b t
the professor ne er implies that either m st be done.

34
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

6. A (function)

To ards the end of the passage, the professor states Some operators are t rning technolog to protect bird
pop lations. At one facilit in Te as, radars are sed to detect flocks of birds. n this case, A is the best ans er
beca se it describes the f nction of this statement in the lect re. The professor has listed se eral possible
sol tions, s ch as offshore ind farms and the Windstalk design, that ha e been created to protect birds.
This is an alternati e sol tion sing technolog . B and D are incorrect beca se this is not here offshore
ind farms or Windstalk t rbines are located. C is also incorrect beca se California, not Te as, is here
the original ind t rbines ere b ilt.

35
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Passage #2: Transcript

So, does an one remember hat e ere disc ssing last class?

Ye , e e e alki g ab al e a i e e e g ce , a d e i ed h he did a
bec e a eal iable i f il f el il he e d f he 90 , ab 20 ea ag .

So, toda , d like to talk more specificall abo t ind po er, one of the more pop lar alternati e energ options.

Yo see, to generate electricit from ind, t rbines are req ired. These are large machines ith blades that t rn
hen ind p shes against them. This motion is con erted into energ in the form of electricit . Ha e an of o
e er send these big kind of indmills before?

Ye , ha e, he a d i i g a h e la ea , he e a a h ge field f he e gia
i d ill . The l ked e c l.

Ha, ell, the definitel do ha e an interesting look. And, more importantl , there are man benefits to sing
ind t rbines, especiall hen compared to the oil and gas e se to po er o r e er da lifest le.

For one thing, the ind is a rene able energ so rce, nlike fossil f els hich, in theor , e ill one da r n o t
of.

Also, ind does not prod ce an greenho se gases, s ch as carbon dio ide. And, as most of o alread kno ,
carbon dio ide has been linked to climate change. No , despite these positi es, there are nintended do nsides
to ind t rbines.

To p t it bl ntl , the appear to kill birds.

Wai , ha , e e hea d f ha bef e?

Well, it s tr e. The ind t rbines are b ilt high in the air since there is more ind the higher o go. Ho e er,
these blades ma also be spinning in the path of fl ing birds. f the birds don t see the t rning blades, the ma
fl into them.

No there s considerable debate abo t ho man birds are killed b t rbines in the United States ann all , and
estimates ar from as lo as ten tho sand to as high as half a million. The real fig re is ndo btedl
some here bet een these t o e tremes.

Whate er the act al fig res, it s a problem that people are tr ing to sol e.

One potential sol tion is thro gh better design of the ind t rbines. Earlier t rbines had lattice blades that
attracted birds and res lted in man deaths. Modern ind t rbine design appears to be less dangero s. Toda ,

36
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

there s a monopole design ith three solid spinning blades. Of co rse, there is still a risk for the birds hen fl ing
into the blades, b t this design is meant to arn birds and signal them to fl aro nd.

Other ind t rbine designs ha e gotten rid of the blades altogether. The Windstalk is one s ch design that is less
dangero s for birds. This de ice has no blades. Energ is generated b more than a tho sand narro 50-meter
tall poles packed tightl together. Within each hollo carbon, ire pole is a stalk of small ceramic discs, and
bet een the discs are electrodes. These discs and electrodes are connected to a cable r nning p the pole. When
ind ca ses the stocks to s a , the discs compress, generating a c rrent. Since the stocks gentl s a in the ind
rather than rotating er q ickl , birds are more likel to see them, and it s considered nlikel that the o ld
collide ith them.

Planners of ind t rbine projects are also orking to red ce the risk of bird deaths. When the first ind t rbines
ere b ilt in California, more than 20 ears ago, the ere simpl placed in ind locations. Unfort natel , this
also t rned o t to be a migrator ro te for birds. No , legislation has been p t into place that pre ents ind
t rbines from being constr cted in migrator paths.

There s also a gro ing trend to b ild ind farms offshore, in oceans or major lakes. Offshore inds are t picall
stronger, allo ing more electricit to be generated. There are fe er birds near these ater-based t rbines and
therefore fe er deaths res lt.

Some operators are t rning to technolog to protect bird pop lations. At one facilit in Te as, radars are sed to
detect flocks of birds. f a large gro p of birds is approaching a ind farm, the t rbines sh t do n and the onl
restart once the birds ha e passed. The impact of ind t rbines on bird pop lations indicates ho comple
en ironmental problems can be. When researchers are looking for so rces of energ that ill minimi e
en ironmental damage, the need to consider the entire ecos stem.

37
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Passage #3: Ans er Ke

1. D (main idea)

For this q estion, the best ans er is D. A is incorrect beca se, hile the professor does pro ide some
backgro nd information abo t the Lo isiana P rchase, it is not hat this passage is mostl abo t. B is
incorrect beca se the professor is not tr ing to con ince the class that the sale as important, b t instead,
gi e information abo t it. C is incorrect beca se Thomas Jefferson is not the main foc s of the lect re.

2. A, C (detail)

This q estion is diffic lt beca se the professor mentions se eral states in the lect re that ere holl and
partiall ithin the Lo isiana Territor . He sa s, t incl ded not onl the present-da states Arkansas, o a,
Kansas, Misso ri, Nebraska, and Oklahoma, b t also parts of the present-da states of Colorado, Lo isiana, of
co rse, Minnesota, Montana, Ne Me ico, North, and So th Dakota, Te as and W oming. The latter
mentioned states of Colorado and Lo isiana are incorrect beca se onl parts of their states ere incl ded.

3. B (detail)

A little after the one min te mark of the lect re, the professor asks, So, h as the Lo isiana P rchase so
important? Well, for one thing, it ga e the United States greater control o er its o n continent, hich is h B is
the correct ans er. While C and D ma be tr e statements, the professor ne er mentions them as reasons
the Lo isiana P rchase as important.

4. B (inference)

n the restated part of the lect re, the professor sa s, There as some opposition to the p rchase among
politicians ho claimed that the US constit tion did not grant the right to acq ire territor thro gh p rchase.
Jefferson accepted this ie point b t arg ed as the p rchase as in a form of a treat and as the constit tion
granted him, as a president, po er to negotiate treaties, then the p rchase as in fact constit tional. Beca se
the opposition tho ght the co ld not acq ire territor nder the constit tion, and Jefferson act all
tho ght it as in fact constit tional, it can be inferred that some politicians felt the Lo isiana P rchase
as nconstit tional. Therefore, B is the best ans er.

5. C (function)

C is the correct ans er. n the e cerpt the professor states, On this basis, he agreed to pa the s m of 11
million dollars, to cancel French debt that as almost 4 million dollars. This total of 15 million is eq i alent
appro imatel to a q arter of a billion in toda s terms. A is incorrect beca se nothing is implied abo t it
being o erpriced. B is incorrect beca se it has nothing to do ith the q estion. D is incorrect beca se j st
beca se it as a larger s m of mone does not mean it is more e pensi e. Rather he is j st sho ing ho ,
d e to inflation, the n mber o ld be different b t the price o ld still be the same.

38
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

6. B, C (detail)

n this part of the lect re, the professor states, So, h as the Lo isiana P rchase so important? Well, for
one thing, it ga e the United States greater control o er its o n continent. This is h B is correct. C is correct
beca se later on in the lect re the professor states, Another important effect of the Lo isiana P rchase is
that it irt all do bled the si e of the o ng United States itho t a need for ars or conq ests. This sho ed
other nations that the United States as illing to se peacef l diplomac to resol e international disp tes. A
and D are not correct beca se, altho gh possibl tr e statements, the are not impacts of the p rchase
mentioned b the professor in the lect re.

39
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Passage #3: Transcript

The 19th cent r as a time of man important e ents in the histor of the United States. One of the most pi otal
hich occ rred near the start of the cent r , in 1803, as the Lo isiana P rchase, the name gi en to the US
go ernment s p rchase from France of appro imatel 830.000 sq are miles of the Lo isiana territor named
after the French King Lo is the 14th, the S n King.

This territor stretched from the Mississippi Ri er in the east to the Rock Mo ntains in the est and from
Canada in the North to the G lf of Me ico So th of Me ico in the So th.

t incl ded not onl the present-da states Arkansas, o a, Kansas, Misso ri, Nebraska, and Oklahoma, b t also
parts of the present-da states of Colorado, Lo isiana, of co rse, Minnesota, Montana, Ne Me ico, North and
So th Dakota, Te as, and W oming.

The p rchase had important implications for the US not j st at that time, b t contin ing do n to the present
da . ndeed, it s been described as one of the three most important e ents pon hich the continental po er of
the modern United States is fo nded.

So, h as the Lo isiana P rchase so important? Well, for one thing, it ga e the United States greater control
o er its o n continent. For most of the second half of the 18th cent r , American politicians ere concerned
abo t hich co ntr controlled Lo isiana. For m ch of that period, Lo isiana as controlled b France, b t after
the Spanish defeated the French in the so-called 7-Years War, from the mid-1750s to 1763, it as controlled b
Spain ntil 1800 hen the French again took control.

The US go ernment anted to get o nership of this land beca se it did not like ha ing E ropean po er
controlling territor in continental North America. t also anted access to the port of Ne Orleans to facilitate
trade. Ho e er, it as ass med b most Americans, incl ding Thomas Jefferson, nder his presidenc the
p rchase as act all completed, that it o ld be necessar to acq ire this ast territor little b little. And, in
fact, the US go ernment s original plan for the p rchase as j st to p rchase the port of Ne Orleans and St.
Jason s lands.

When negotiation bet een the US and France began, ho e er, Jefferson as soon offered the chance to b the
entire Lo isiana territor . There as some opposition to the p rchase among politicians ho claimed that the US
Constit tion did not grant the right to acq ire territor thro gh p rchase. Jefferson accepted this ie point b t
arg ed as the p rchase as in a form of a treat and as the constit tion granted him, as a president, po er to
negotiate treaties, then the p rchase as in fact constit tional. On this basis, he agreed to pa a s m of 11
million dollars, to cancel French debt that as almost 4 million dollars. This total of 15 million is eq i alent to
appro imatel a q arter of a billion in toda s terms.

40
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Another important effect of the Lo isiana P rchase is that it irt all do bled the si e of the o ng United States
itho t a need for ars or conq ests. This sho ed other nations that the United States as illing to se
peacef l diplomac to resol e international disp tes. t also contrib ted to a stronger sense of nationalism that
had not been apparent before. n simple terms, Americans began to take more pride in their co ntr , to feel it
as strong and globall important.

And the land that formed Lo isiana Territor as not j st ast, it had ample s pplies of al able nat ral
reso rces, incl ding gold, sil er, and other ores, ast forests that co ld be c t do n for timber, and m ch of the
land as ideall s ited for agric lt re ith rich soil and a pleasant climate.

Taken together, these factors astl increased the ealth of the United States.

41
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Listening Scoring Chart

There are 17 q estions, and each q estion is orth one point, hich is h the total ra score is 17.

Listening Section

Ra Points Score Estimate

17 29-30

16 28-29

15 26-28

14 24-26

13 22-24

12 20-22

11 18-20

10 16-18

9 14-16

8 12-14

7 10-12

6 8-10

5 6-8

4 4-6

3 2-4

2 0-2

M listening score estimate is: _______________________.

42
D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Speaking Section

Speaking Question 1 Sample Response

think that o ld prefer to read to children if had to ol nteer at the ni ersit librar beca se like
being aro nd kids. Before had kids, didn t like acting sill or childish, b t no lo e it. can make animal
noises, sing songs and pla games itho t orr ing abo t ho look. lo e seeing m kids smile and bet
o ld lo e seeing the children at the ni ersit librar smile as ell. Also, belie e reading is important. When
kids are introd ced to books in an interesting and engaging a at a o ng age, it has a h ge impact on their
f t re de elopment. Belie e it or not, think reading to children is something er meaningf l. So, to s m p,
o ld definitel ant to read to children at the librar .

Speaking Question 2 Sample Response

The reading anno ncement deals ith the ni ersit s decision to cancel the orchestra s spring concert. n
the con ersation, the oman sa s that she is er pset abo t this decision. For one, the school is claiming that
ticket sales ha e been too lo to j stif the cost of the concert. Ho e er, the oman points o t that the
ni ersit reall sho ld ha e collaborated ith the M sic and Drama departments first to promote the sho and
increase sales. Also, the anno ncement states that st dents prefer seeing pla s o er classical concerts. To this,
the oman e plains that the s r e that as done does not adeq atel represent the opinion of the entire
st dent bod beca se it as cond cted b st dents in the political science department. So, this is h the
oman disagrees ith the school s decision to cancel the spring concert.

Speaking Question 3 Sample Response

n the lect re, the professor e plains eq it -based compensation. He elaborates on t o benefits of a
compan gi ing its emplo ees stocks, in addition to their s al pa . First, it is a deterrent for emplo ees to q it. t
can take eeks or months to train a ne emplo ee, and so it is costl hen one of them lea es. Emplo ees ith
stock in the compan are more likel to sta longer. Secondl , companies can act all gain more profits b
pa ing orkers in eq it . t makes sense ho he e plains it. An emplo ee ill make more mone if their stock in
the compan does ell, so the are more likel to ork e tra hard and promote their compan in order to see
the b siness be s ccessf l. As the compan makes more profits, the stock rises, and the orkers gain more
ealth. So, these are j st t o reasons h a compan might offer eq it compensation to its emplo ees.

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D ag c Te f he TOEFL​ ​ Te

Writing Section

Writing Question 1 Sample Essa

No one can den that there are a lot of different options hen it comes to sta ing fit. f ere forced to choose,
o ld definitel opt for joining a sports team. t is m firm belief that orking together as a team hile
performing a ph sical acti it is the best a to sta in shape for a n mber of reasons, and ill de elop these
ideas in the s bseq ent paragraphs.

First of all, ph sical health is connected to the mind. f o o ld like to impro e o r health, it is cr cial that
both o r mind and bod ork in harmon . Participating in an athletic cl b gi es o the opport nit to not onl
e ercise b t to interact ith others and b ild relationships. ha e to admit that m opinion on this matter has
been profo ndl infl enced b m o n personal e perience. A fe ears back, joined a kickball team that met
e er S nda thro gho t the s mmer in Brookl n. did not e pect to form s ch tight bonds ith a gro p of
strangers. E er S nda , e orked as a team on the field and bonded as friends off the field. Still, to this da ,
m kickball b ddies are some of m closest friends. As a res lt, m social life impro ed and it had a positi e
effect on m o erall ell-being. For this reason, belie e e er one sho ld join a sports team, e en if the do not
like the sport.

Secondl , joining a team ill p sh and e pand o r strength and end rance. Pla ing a sport is more
npredictable than e ercising in the g m. The game ill force o to react in a s that ill p sh the limits of
o r ph sical capabilities. Dra ing from m o n e perience, ne er e ercised m ch hen decided to join the
kickball team. did not think a sport like kickball o ld demand m ch ph sical pro ess. While there as less
r nning than in a sport like soccer, kickball demanded short b rsts of energ and sharp hand-e e coordination.
ran faster, kicked harder, and pla ed better than had anticipated. Moreo er, the ne t da , m entire bod as
sore beca se it had orked in a s it as not acc stomed to. o ld ha e ne er p shed m self that hard at the
g m. t s certainl clear to see h think joining an athletic cl b is the best a to sta in shape.

n light of the reasons mentioned, strongl belie e that participating in a sport is the best option for an one ho
is thinking abo t sta ing fit. Athletic teams ha e a positi e effect on o r mental ellness and p sh o r bod to
e tremes o ne er tho ght ere possible.

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