Exercise 6A

1 a P is not linear because  0, 0    0,1 is not linear

b Q is not linear because x  x 2 is not linear

c R is not linear because y  x  xy is not linear

d S is linear

e T is not linear because (0, 0)  (3, 3) is not linear

f U is linear.

 2 1 
2 a S is represented by  
3 0 

b T is not linear because (0, 0)  (1,  1) is not linear

c U is not linear because x  xy is not linear

 0 2
d V is represented by  
 1 0 

0 1
e W is represented by  
1 0

3 a S is not linear because x  x 2 and y  y 2 are not linear

 0 1
b T is represented by  
1 0 

1 1
c U is represented by  
1 1

0 0
d V is represented by  
0 0

1 0
e W is represented by  
0 1

 x  y  2 x   2x  y  2 1 
4 a P:       is represented by  
 y   y   0x  y   0 1 

 x  0 y   0 1
b Q:      is represented by  
 y  x  2y  1 2 

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5 a  1 0  1 2 5  1 2 5 
   
0 1  1 3 1  1 3 1 
 vertices of image of T are at (1,1);( 2,3); ( 5,1)

 1 4  1 2 5   3 14 9 
b    
 0 2  1 3 1   2 6 2 
 vertices of image of T are at (3,  2); (14,  6); (9,  2)

 0 2   1 2 5   2 6 2 
c    
 2 0   1 3 1   2 4 10 
 vertices of image of T are ( 2,  2); ( 6, 4); ( 2,10)

 2 0  1 0 1 0   2 0 2 0 
6 a     
 0 3  0 1 0 1  0 3 0 3 
 vertices of the image of S are ( 2, 0):(0,3); (2, 0); (0,  3)

1 1 1 0 1 0   1 1 1 1 
b    
1 1  0 1 0 1  1 1 1 1
 vertices of the image of S are ( 1,  1); ( 1,1); (1,1); (1,  1)

1 1  1 0 1 0   1 1 1 1
c    
1 1 0 1 0 1  1 1 1 1 
 vertices of the image of S are ( 1,  1);(1,  1);(1, 1);( 1, 1)

7 a
 1 0  2   2 
 0 1 1    1 
    
 1 0  4   4 
     
 0 1 1   1 
 1 0  4   4 
     
 0 1 2   2 
 1 0  2   2 
     
 0 1 2   2 
So vertices are (  2,  1), (  4,  1), (  4,  2), (  2,  2)

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7 b

c Rotation through 180° about (0, 0)

8 a
2 0  1   2 
     
0 2  0   0 
2 0  4   8 
0     
2  2   4 

2 0  3   6 
0     
2  4   8 

2 0  0   0 
     
0 2  2   4 
so vertices are (2,0), (8,4), (6,8), (0,4)

c Enlargement, centre (0, 0), scale factor 2

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9 a
0 2  1  0 
     
2 0  0   2 
0 2  3   0 
2  0    6 
0 
   
 0 2  3   4 
 2 0  2    6 
    
 0 2  1  4 
     
 2 0  2   2 
so vertices are (0,  2), (0,6), (4,  6), (4,  2)

c Reflection in y = x and enlargement, centre (0, 0), scale factor 2

 1 0  4   4 
10 a      
 0 1  1   1 
 1 0  4   4 
     
 0 1  3   3 
 1 0  1   1 
     
 0 1  3   3 
so vertices are (4,1), (4,3), (1,3)

b The transformation represented by the identity matrix leaves T unchanged.

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Challenge
 2 3   kx   2 3  kx   2kx  3ky 
a T  so T  ky    1 1  ky    kx  ky 
1 1        
 2x  3 y   x
 k   kT  
 x y   y

  x1   x2    x1  x2 
b T      T 
  y1   y2    y1  y2 
 2 3   x1  x2   2  x1  x2   3  y1  y2  
   
 1 1  y1  y2   x1  x2  y1  y2 
 2 x  3 y1   2 x2  3 y2  x  x 
 1     T 1   T 2 
 x1  y1   x2  y2   y1   y2 

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