general

mathematics WEEK 2 -3 :
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS
LEARNING TARGETS
Represents real-life situations using rational functions.
Distinguishes rational function, rational equation, and inequality.
Solves rational equations and inequalities.
Represents a rational function through its;(a) table of values, (b) graph
 and (c) equation.
Finds the domain and range of a rational function.
Determines the(a) intercepts(b) zeroes and(c) asymptotes of rational
functions
Solving problems involving rational functions, equations and inequalities.
REVIEW
Which among stars are a polynomial functions?
7x + x -2 x + 2x +1
9x+1 x
32 2
2x +1
3x-7

1/2
-1
5x +1 4x +3x + 1
 5x +1

32
2
7x + x -2 x + 2x +1
REVIEW

1/2
-1
9x+1 x
 4x +3x + 1

3x-7
2x +1
rational expression
A
Is in the form of where A and B
B
are polynomials and B ≠ 0.
EXAMPLE
2
x - 2x +2
x - 10
rational FUNCTION Can
 be written in the form:

A(x) polynomials
f(x) = polynomials
B(x)
B (x) is not equal to zero polynomial.
 rational FUNCTION Can
be written in the form:

A(x) polynomials
f(x) = polynomials
B(x)
B (x) is not equal to zero polynomial.

EXAMPLE

f(x) =3
 x+ 2
rational FUNCTION Can
be written in the form:

A(x) polynomials
f(x) = polynomials
B(x)
B (x) is not equal to zero polynomial.

EXAMPLE
 3 x -2
f(x) = f(x) =
2x
x+ 2+
x+ 2 x -2f(x) = 3x
rational EQUATION
Equation that contains one or more rational expressions.

EXAMPLE
 2 1
x- 3x= 5
2

x+5
3
2x= 4
rational INEQUALITY
is composed of rational expressions combined
 with a ≥,≤,> or < sign.
EXAMPLE
5 2
<
x -3 _
2x x

5+3x-2

2> 9
 rational equation and
rational
inequality
HOW TO SOLVE
EQUATION
RATIONAL
INEQUALITY

RATIONAL
To simplify rational equation, apply the CRAM method:
 C
EQUATION R
RATIONAL terms.
Clear all the fractions by multiplying both
sides of the equation by the LCD of the Remove all grouping symbols, if there is any.
Add or subtract the

A similar terms.

the variable, leaving only

leaving only the variable on
M the left side of the equation
with coefficient equal to 1.
Multiply or divide both sides
Then, check the result.
by numerical coeffiecient of
x-3
 1
21
+=
EQUATI x - 25 x+5 1
RATION x-51
ON
AL x-3
+=
(x - 5)(x + 5)
(x - 5)(x + 5)
x+5 + 3 + 5 x = 13
x-5
x-3+x-5=x
+5x+x-x=5
RATIONAL
EQUATIONLCD: 2(x+1)(x-1)

RATIONAL
EQUATION
RATIONAL EQUATION
RATIONAL EQUATION

RATIONAL
EQUATION

x=-3
denominatorequal

5Steps
tozero andsolveforx

RATIONAL 3.Graphthevaluesofx
usingthenumber line
INEQUALITY
1.Writethe inequality
in standardform
4.Chooseatestvalue
in each interval. Away!
2.Setthenumeratorand 5.Make a solutionset.
NAL -1 <
_
RATIO 3x + 1 x 2
 < <
inequality -2 _0 _0

3x + 1 x - 1
3x + 1
x-1
<
2(x - 1) _ 0
x-1
3x + 1 - 2(x - 1) x
-1
 NAL < 2
_
RATIO 3x+1 x-1
<
inequality
3x+1 x-1
-2 _0
< < x-1
3x+1-2(x-1 _0 _0 <
) x-1 _0
x+3 3x+1-2x+2
x-1
L <
_0
x+3 x-1
RATIONA
 x+3=0 x=-3
inequality
L <
_0
x+3 x-1
RATIONA
x+3=0 x=-3 x-1=0 x=1
inequality
L <
_0
x+3 x-1
RATIONA
x+3=0 x=-3 x-1=0 x=1
inequality
RATIONAL RATIONAL
inequality inequality

3x+1 x-1 3x+1 x-1

< <
_ _

2 2
 L 2
3x+1 x-1
inequality
RATIONA <
_

3x+1 x-1
RATIONAL
inequality
 <
_
RATIONAL 2
inequality

3x+1 x-1 RATIONAL

inequality
<
_ <
3x+1 x-1 _
2
2
RATIONAL inequality
a. If the test value makes the
inequality TRUE, then the entire
interval is a solution to the inequality.
b. If the test value makes the
inequality FALSE, then the entire
interval is not a solution to the
inequality.

take note!
inequality <
RATIONAL
3x + 1 x - 1 _
2

(−∞,−3] ∪ (1,∞)