WS 1 Activity On Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

Name of Student: Name of Teacher: Mrs. A. L.V.
Pollo
Year and Section: Subject: Geometry
Date Assigned: Date Submitted:
Two Kinds of Reasoning
WHAT’S MORE
A. Determine if each case is inductive or deductive reasoning and explain why.

1.) A scientist dips a platinum wire into a solution containing salt, passes the wire over a flame
and observes that it produces an orange-yellow flame. She does this with many other
solutions that contain salt, finding that they all produce an orange-yellow flame. She states:
“A solution that contains salt produces an orange-yellow flame in a flame test.”
2.) Your teacher tells the class that no credit will be given to assignments on problem solving
that show no solution. For two months you do your homework. Last week, you passed an
assignment that has no solution. You received no credit for your homework.
3.) Your mother always baked a cake during special occasions in your family. Today is your
grandmother’s birthday. You knew that your mother would bake a cake today.
4.) Amanda was learning to drive when her father told her to never run the car if the overheat
light comes on. Last summer while driving to Tagaytay, her overheat light turned on so she
turned off the car and called for help.
5.) Amelia notices that her math teacher wears a different shoe every week. She starts keeping
track of what her teacher wears. After a school year, she approaches her teacher and states,
“I think you wear different shoes every week, do you have 48 different shoes?”
B. Use inductive reasoning to make a conjecture about the next item in the pattern and what
the pattern is.
1 2 4 5
1.) , , 1, , , 2 ______ 4.) -7, -21, -63, -189, ______
3 3 3 3
2.) 𝐶𝐻4 , 𝐶2 𝐻6 , 𝐶3 𝐻8 , 𝐶4 𝐻10 , ______ 5.) 16, 8, 4, 2, _____
3.)
WHAT I CAN DO
I. Answer the following:

1.) a.) How many angles can be formed given 2 rays? 3 rays? 4 rays?
b.) Write an algebraic expression in terms of n for the number of angles formed given the number of
rays.
2.) Describe the pattern. a.) List the next two equations in the pattern.
b.) Guess what the product of 181 and 11 is. Test your conjecture. (101) (11) = 1111
c.) Can the pattern continue forever? Explain. (111) (11) = 1221
(121) (11) = 1331
(131) (11) = 1441
(141) (11) = 1551
3.) Complete the table. Given the number of sides of a closed figure, identify the number of
diagonals that you can form. (A diagonal is a line segment that joins one corner to another
but is not an edge.) Write an algebraic expression that you can use to determine the number
of diagonals that you can form given the number of sides (n) of a closed figure.
Number of
3 4 5 6 7 8 n
sides
Number of
0 2 5 9 ? ? ?
diagonals
4.) Nicomachus of Gerasa first described

pentagonal numbers in Introducio arithmetica
about A.D. 100. The first three pentagonal
numbers are shown here on the right. Draw a
diagram to represent the next pentagonal
number.
5.) How many different squares are there in this 5-by 5- grid? Hint: Look
at 1-by-1, 2-by-2, and 3-by-3 grids. Count squares and look for a
pattern.
II. Tell whether the reasoning process is deductive or inductive.

1.) Ramon noticed that spaghetti had been on the school menu for the past five Wednesdays.
Ramon decides that the school always serves spaghetti on Wednesday.
2.) Kay did her assignment, adding the lengths of the sides of triangle to find the perimeters.
Noticing the results for several equilateral triangles, she guesses that the perimeter of every
equilateral triangle is three times the length of a side.
3.) By using the definitions of equilateral triangle (a triangle with three congruent sides) and of
perimeter (the sum of the lengths of the sides of a figure), Katie concludes that the perimeter
of every equilateral triangle is three times the length of a side.
4.) Linda observes that (-1)2 = +1, (-1)4 = +1, (-1)6 = +1. She concludes that every even power of (-
1) is equal to +1.
5.) John knows that multiplying a number by -1 merely changes the sign of the number. He
reasons that multiplying a number by an even power of -1 will change the sign of a number
an even number of times. He concludes that this is equivalent to multiplying a number to +1,
so that every even power of (-1) is equal to +1.
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
A. Answer the following:
1. Is the child underwater or not?
2. How many black dots can

you see? Can you see them all
at once? Why?
3. Can you spot something unusual

about this seemingly ordinary photo at the
right above?
B. Determine if each case is inductive or deductive reasoning.
1.) For the past three Wednesdays, a 3-D movie has come out in theaters. Josh concluded that
this Wednesday, a 3-D movie will come out in theaters.
2.) 1, 1 ,2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ….
3.) All cookies are made with sugar. Oreo is a cookie, so Rosa knows Oreo are made with sugar.
4.) You have been on a diet for 3 weeks and lose three pounds. You concluded that you can lose
twenty more pounds in the next 20 weeks.
5.) Acute angle measures less than 90 degrees but more than 0 degrees. Angle A measures 89
degrees. Therefore, it is an acute angle.
C. Sketch the next figure.
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
D. Explanation
A latin square has two important properties:
• A row or column never contains the same figure twice.
• Every row and column contain the same figures.
The figure on the right side is an example of a full latin square.
Instructions:
Figure out which of the four figures belongs on the spot of the
question mark.
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
6.)
7.)

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Name of Student: Name of Teacher: Mrs. A. L.V.

Two Kinds of Reasoning

A. Determine if each case is inductive or deductive reasoning and explain why.

I. Answer the following:

4.) Nicomachus of Gerasa first described

II. Tell whether the reasoning process is deductive or inductive.

A. Answer the following:

1. Is the child underwater or not?

2. How many black dots can

3. Can you spot something unusual

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