Republic of the Philippines

DR. EMILIO B. ESPINOSA, SR. MEMORIAL STATE

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY
(Masbate State College)
www.debesmscat.edu.ph
Mandaon, Masbate

AY 2022 – 2023

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Experiment 1 in Chemistry for Engineers:

DENSITY LABORATORY REPORT

DAGOLO, Jolie Ann S.

BAJAR, Jose II B.
DALANON, Dk March P.
DANAO, Rogelio Ruzar
BANATE, Anna Marie A.
CULIBAR, Francis Philip A.

Engr. Junjun A. Pajara

Instructor
 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

I. INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this laboratory is to understand the meaning and significance of

the density of an object with regular and irregular shape and liquids. Density is
the ratio of mass to volume d=m/v. Density typically as the units of g/ml. Mass is
generally determined using an analytic scale, while volume is determined by
liquid displacement. The more particles (or mass) in a given space, the denser it
is.

II. PRACTICAL APPLICATION

Densities are widely used to identify pure substances and to characterize and
estimate the composition of many kinds of mixtures. The density helps to
determine whether or not an object will float on water.

III. OBJECTIVES

• To determine the density of three (3) regular shape (rubik's cube, wooden cube,
can)
• To determine the density of two (2) irregular shape (stone, book)
• To determine the density of three liquids namely: oil, water, and vinegar.

IV. MATERIALS/EQUIPMENT

This are the materials and equipment’s we used in doing this laboratory.

Material/ Description Specification Quantity

Equipment

1. Digital weighing a device used to determine AC/DC 1

scale weight. Digital Scale

5000x1g

5 digits LCD
Display

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Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

2. Beaker a cup or glass with a wide Capacity: 1

mouth. and usually a lip for
pouring that is used especially 250ml
in Science laboratories for
holding and measuring liquids.

3. Rubik's cube a puzzle in the form of a plastic 3x3x3 1

Cube covered with multicolored
squares.

4. Wooden cube a wood cut into cubic shape. 1

5. Tin can a tin plate on aluminum 1

container for preserving food.

6. Stone hard solid nonmetallic mineral 1

matter of which rock is made.

7. Book a written or printed work Calculus 1

consisting of pages. book

8. Water colorless, transparent, odorless 25ml

liquid that forms the seas,
lakes, rivers and rain.

9. Oil viscous liquid from petroleum. 25ml

10. Vinegar sour tasting liquid containing 25ml

acetic acid.

11. Ruler used to measure the length of 12inches 1

an object

V. PROCEDURE

a. Pre-Experiment,

1. Plans when and where the laboratory will be conducted.

2. Discussed what regular and irregular shapes will be used.

b. Experiment Proper

Density of regular shape (rubik’s cube, wooden cube, can)

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 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

1. Weigh the rubik's cubes, wooden cube and can using the digital
weighing scale to find the mass.
2. Measure the length, width and height of the rubik's cubes and
wooden cube to find the volume. To find the volume of the can,
measure the length / height and the radius.

3. Divide the mass of the rubik's cube, wooden cube and can by their
respected volume.

Density of irregular shape objects (stone, book)

1. Weigh the book and then the stone using the digital weighing scale to

find their mass.

2. Measure the length, width and height of the book to find its volume.
To

find the volume of the stone, pour approximately 125mL of water into

the beaker. Put the stone, the volume of the water displaced is equal

to the volume of the stone.

3. Calculate the density.

Density of liquids (water, oil, vinegar)

1. Obtain a dry beaker and weigh it.

2. Pour 25mL of water, 25mL of oil and 25mL of vinegar into the

beaker. Record the exact volume.

3. Reweigh the cylinder with the water, cylinder with the oil and cylinder

with the vinegar and record.

4. Calculate the density of water, oil and vinegar.

c. Post-Experiment

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 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

1. Gather all the data

2. Make a conclusion and summary about the laboratory being
conducted.

VI. DATA GATHERING

This are the data we gathered in conducting the laboratory.

Object Mass Volume Density

Rubik's cube 65g 157.464cm³ 0.41g/cm³

Wooden cube 30.1g 68.921cm³ 0.437g/cm³

Tin can 49.3g 494.55cm³ 0.0997g/cm³

Stone 46.5g 20mL 2.3g/mL³

Book 437.1g 691.6cm³ 0.6320g/cm³

Water 25.3g 25mL³ 1g/mL³

Oil 22.4g 25mL³ 0.90g/mL³

Vinegar 20g 25mL³ 0.8g/mL³

VII. POST LAB QUESTIONS/ACTIVITY

I. Answer and briefly explain (or give examples for) the following.

1. True or False. The heavier the object, the larger the volume.
- False. Density = mass/volume. Thus, mass will increase as volume
increases. The heaviest objects don't necessarily have the largest
volumes. Volume is the amount of space an object occupies, and
heavy refers to its weight, which is proportional to mass. If two objects
have the same density, then the heavier object will have a
proportionately larger volume.

2. True or False. The higher the density, the lower its specific gravity.

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 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

- False. Specific gravity tells us if an object will sink or float. It is defined

as the ratio of the density of the substance to the density of a
reference substance such as water. Therefore, if the specific gravity of
an object is greater than 1, then the density of an object is more than
the density of water, which means that the object will sink.

3. Can you increase/decrease the volume of an object? How?

- Yes! When an object is heated, its atoms or molecules acquire an
extra amount of kinetic energy with this added energy, the particles
can move faster and further from each other, increasing the volume of
an object. In general, the volume of an object increases with an
increase in temperature and decreases with an increase in pressure.

4. For liquids: Calculate the density of each. Find/Look for their actual
densities from the literature. Calculate the % error in your experimentally
determined density. Present data in a tabular form. Show sample/s of
calculations.
Liquids Actual density in Experimentally
literature determined density

Water 1g/cm³ 1g/cm³

Oil 0.95g/cm³ 0.90g/cm³

Vinegar 0.97g/cm³ 0.8g/cm³

5. Compare the values calculated to those found in the literature.

- The values for density of liquids we calculated is approximately to the
density of liquids in literature.

6. What do you think was the most probable source of measurement error
that would lead to incorrect density information?
- The most common reasons for density errors include using the wrong
or inaccurate instruments and not accounting for temperature
changes.

7. Is it necessary to perform a measurement in triplicate? Why or why not?

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 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

- It is necessary to perform measurement in triplicate because in this

way you ensure that your technique gives the same result each time
you test the same sample.

8. For those who perform in triplicate: Describe your data sets as accurate
and/or precise.
- Our data is accurate and precise.

II. Calculations.

1. A solid cylinder of length 10 cm is placed in water. It stands upright with

the top 3 cm protruding above the water surface. The density of water is
1.0 g/cm3. What is the density of the cylinder?
- The density of the cylinder is 0.7g/cm³

2. A 15.8 g object was placed into an open container that was full of
ethanol. The object caused some ethanol to spill, then it was found that
the container and its contents weighed 10.5 grams more than the
container full of ethanol only. What is the density of the object?
- The density of the object is 2.4g/cm³

3. A sample of bright blue mineral was weighed in air, and then weighed
again while suspended in water. an object is buoyed up by the mass of
fluid displaced by the object. In air, the mineral weighed 7.35g; in water, it
weighed 5.40g. The densities of air and water are 1.205 g/L and 0.9982
g/cm3 respectively. What is the density of the mineral?
- The density of the mineral is 3.7590g/cm³

4. A sample of an ethanol -water solution has a volume of 54.2 cm3 and a

mass of 49.6g. What is the % of ethanol by mass in the solution?
(Assume that there is no change in volume when the pure compounds
are mixed.) The density of ethanol is 0.789 and that of water is 0.998
g/cm3.
- rt

5. Alcoholic beverages are rated in proof, which is a measure of the relative

amount of ethanol in the beverage. Pure ethanol is exactly 200 proof; a
solution that is 50% ethanol by volume is exactly 100 proof. What is the
proof of the given ethanol-water solution in No.4?

- adawd

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Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

VIII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Density is a standard physical property of a liquid or solid. The density of a

subject is expressed as a ratio of the subject's mass to its volume in the following
which is the density equals the mass divided by the volume of the object.
Therefore, the mass and the volume of the unknown object must be measured
beforehand. At any specified temperature and pressure, the density of a sample
is constant. Given the specific density of water at various temperatures and
solving the density formula for the volume, we can simply determine the volume
of our container. The mass of the samples is accurately obtained by weighting
and using the measuring by difference method. Once the mass and the volume
are obtained for the sample, the density of that liquid or solid can also be
calculated. The most common reasons for density errors include using wrong or
inaccurate instruments that's why it is necessary to better check the equipment or
instrument before conducting such laboratory. It is necessary to perform
measurement in triplicate because this way you ensure that your technique gives
the same result each time you test the same sample.

IX. REFERENCES

“25 ml of oil in grams”

https://www.howmany.wiki/vw/--25--ml--of--oil--in--gram

“25 ml of vinegar in grams”

https://www.howmany.wiki/vw/--25--ml--of--vinegar--in--gram

“Density lab report - Chemistry Lab Report Experiment 1: Density February 5, 2021

Spring 2021” - StuDocu

https://www.studocu.com/en-us/document

“Density measurement applications: Anton Paar Wiki”

https://wiki.anton-paar.com/en/density-measurement-applications/

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 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

“Density of Water | Chapter 3: Density | Middle School Chemistry”

https://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/lessonplans/chapter3/lesson3

“Volume, Mass & Weight - Catapult Physics”

https://sites.google.com/site/catapultphysics33/volume-mass-weight

“What is Specific Gravity of Water? | Specific Gravity Formula, Units & Symbol - Video &

Lesson Transcript |” Study.com

https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-specific-gravity

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 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

Annex A CALCULATIONS

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 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

Annex B MEMBER’S DESIGNATION AND PARTICIPATION

LEADER
JOLIE ANN S. DAGOLO
TAGA-SOLVE
Ano mga ginawa mo? Naka bullet
to.
Ganito haha
Help in answering the questions.
Help in solving the calculation.

Syempre picture Syempre picture

nyo dito.   nyo dito.

MEMBER’s
ANNA MARIE A. BANATE
MEMBER’s
FRANCIS PHILIP A. CULIBAR
MEMBER’s
DK MARCH P. DALANON
TAGA-MEASURE TAGA-MEASURE TAGA-MEASURE
NAME
Ano mga ginawa mo? Naka bullet NAME
Ano mga ginawa mo? Naka bullet NAME
Ano mga ginawa mo? Naka bullet
to. to. to.
Ganito haha Ganito haha Ganito haha
Help in answering the questions. Ano
Helpmga ginawa mo?
in measuring Naka and
the mass bullet Help in measuring the mass and
Help in measuring the mass and to.
volume. volume.
volume. Ganito
Help in haha
solving the calculation. Bring the materials needed.

Syempre picture Syempre picture

nyo dito. nyo dito.

JOSE
JOSE B.
B. BAJAR
BAJAR IIII ROGELIO RUZAR DANAO
t
TAGA-ANSWER
T TAGA-ANSWER
Ano mga ginawa mo? Naka bullet
to.
Help in haha
Ganito  
answering the questions. Help in answering the questions.
Help in solving the calculation. Bring the materials needed.

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 CFEN001L – Chemistry for Engineers
Experiment 1: Density Laboratory Report

Annex C DOCUMENTATION

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