Phy121 CH02

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Chapter 2:

Motion Along a Straight Line


(Constant Speed / Velocity)

‫ﺷروح اﻟﻔﯾدﯾو ﺗﺗوﻓر ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣوﻗﻌﻛم‬


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First Aug 2021

P1. A man walked 50 m east at an average speed of 10 m/s, before


turning around and walking to the west at an average speed of 6 m/s.
The entire trip took 15s.
a. Find the average speed for the entire trip.
b. Find the average velocity for the entire trip.
First Jan 2021

P1. A man walked 100 m east at an average speed of 5 m/s, before turning
around and walking to the west at an average speed of 4 m/s. The entire
trip took 50 s.
a. Find how many meters did the man walk to the west.
b. Find the average speed for the entire trip.
c. Find the average velocity for the entire trip.

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First, Oct 2020

SP1. Ali walks 200 m east with an average speed of 4 m/s. Then
he walks 280 m west with an average speed of 5 m/s. The average
velocity for the entire trip (in m/s) is:
 - 0.75
 4.53
 - 4.53
 0
 - 4.36

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First, Oct 2020

SP4. An area of 1 m2 is equivalent to


 1000 cm2
 100 cm2
 10000 cm2
 100000 cm2
 10 cm2

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Mid I, Oct 2011

A person takes 20 minutes to walk 1500 m


in the positive x-direction. He then walks
700 m in the negative x-direction in a time
of 10 minutes. Calculate the average
velocity (in m/s) for the total walk.

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Mid I, June 2013

Abdullah runs the first 3.0 km of his


journey at 6.8 km/h and walks the
remaining distance at 1.6 km/h in 45
minutes. Calculate his average speed (in
km/h) for the trip.

‫ حيثما ذهبت‬:‫خالصة الحكمة‬


.‫اذهب بكل قلبك‬

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Mid I, Oct 2015

Calculate the average speed of a complete


round-trip in which the outgoing 250 km is
covered at 95 km/h followed by 1 hour
lunch break, and return 250 km covered at
55 km/h.

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Mid I, March 2013

Mr. John travelled 25 km from home to the


University by car at a constant speed of 20 m/s. He
spent 50 minutes attending a class of the course
121. Then he returned home at a constant speed of
20 m/s.
a) How much time did Mr. John take to reach the
University?
b) Calculate the total time for the round-trip (in s).
c) Calculate the average speed for the round-trip
(in m/s).
d) Calculate the average velocity for the round-trip.

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First, Fall 2011 ·

A car moves along the x-axis at a constant


speed for 20 s, then moves in the opposite
direction with the same speed for 5 s. If the
avera~e x~)uciO' of the car for the whole trip is
10 m/s, what is the speed of the car?

• < •

c:l:20\T
'

10 -::: ~l.ou-J+(-sv)
-2.o -t- S

•• V' = I "·:f ~\s

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Mid I, July 2011

On a 20–km race, you ride the first 8 km at


an average speed of 16 km/h. What must
your average speed over the next 12 km be
so that your average speed for the whole
race is 10 km/h?

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Chapter 2:
Motion Along a Straight Line
(Constant Acceleration)

‫شروح الفيديو تتوفر على موقعكم‬


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First, June 2013

1. A car travelling at 90.0 km/h travels 55.0 m


before stopping when the breaks are applied.
Find the time it took for the car to stop.

-... 25 ""' \ s

i-1.u ,·,i t•hi11w


... ....., ,,. --,~\'- '->'-
.. '--' '"
•.l:!~ 04 Lo\.4:i , .l:!~ 04

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2. A speedboat increases its speed uniformly
from 20 mis to 30 mis in a time of 5 sec.
a) Find the magnitude of its acceleration.
b) How far does the boat travel during that time?

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Chapter 2:
Motion Along a Straight Line
(Free Falling)

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First Aug 2021

P4. A stone is thrown upwards at the speed of 15 m/s.


a) Find the time needed for the stone to return to the thrower’s hand.
b) At what instant does the stone reach one half of the maximum
altitude?
Final July 2021

P1. A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the ground. It returns back to
the ground 4.2 s later. Consider positive direction upwards.
a. With what velocity was the ball thrown?
b. How high did the ball go?
c. How much time did it take to reach that height?
First Jan 2021

P3. A weather balloon is floating at a constant height ℎ above the


Earth, and at 𝑡 = 0 s it releases a box.
a. Find the height of the floating balloon, if the box hits the ground
with a velocity −98.0 m/s.
b. Find the time needed for the box to reach the ground. The air
resistance is negligible.

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First, Oct 2020

SP2. You throw a ball vertically upward with speed of 5 m/s. When
air resistance is negligible, how long does it take the ball (in s) to
return to your hand?
 0.5
 1
 2
 4
 0.25

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Mid I, Oct 2015

A ball is thrown vertically downward with


a speed of 2 m/s. Find its speed after 5
seconds.

‫إما أن تفعل الشيء أو ال‬


.‫ كفى ترددا‬،‫تفعله‬

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‫‪Mid I, June 2012‬‬

‫‪How high can a man throw a ball if he can‬‬


‫‪throw it with initial velocity 8 m/s.‬‬

‫أن نحيا ذلك شيء نيا ا حلحي‪ ،‬ال حلحةيةي أن‬


‫معظم حلناس متوحج‪ ،‬ن فةطل هذح كل شء ‪.‬‬

‫شرح فيديو (مجانا) للعديد من المواد على قناتكم (‪)HS Engineers‬‬


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Mid I, Oct 2011

A ball is thrown vertically upward from


the ground with an initial speed of 20 m/s.
Find the velocity (in m/s) at a height of 5
m from the ground when the ball is falling.

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First, March 2018

P2. A ball is thrown up vertically with an initial


speed of 25.0 mis at t == 0.
a) What is the velocity of the ball at a height of 14.0 m?
b) At what time( s) is the ball at this height?
c) What maximum height does the ball reach?
r\ U=o
') S2. - \U I'-\ . / \

- ~

I \J \

l I
I
'\°=l ~{s t
2.. . ;
.:. ~ t - .2.,s l -t- \ '1 =- C)

. :. h\ -= o-b'-1'3 s,i -\:__2.- ~ ~-'3b ~,i


~ o .Y ~ . '?,.;:::f 252- -lo 1
~ = ;>.t;: +2./ ~ -
:. 'h ma,x -= 3\. 2.5 >vi l.l;,! ui ulo••':! u1.wi Js
.J;~ 04 lAW ,J;~ 04

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Physics 121

Mastering Problems

‫شروح الفيديو تتوفر على قناتكم‬


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l - -
; Chapter 2 1

2. In \vhich of the follo,:ving cases does a car have a negative


velocity and a positive acceleration? A car that is traveling
in the
(a) - x direction at a constant 20 n1/s. X
( b) - x direction increasing in speed. X
(c) ~ direction increasing in speed. ><
(d) - x direction decreasing in speed.
(e) + x direction decreasing in speed. )(
.._..._


<
------.r;---------~

~~,., V

r:? -=:,~ _.,

< ' < ; - \ - -- -~- - g ~ ~ E

. >I =;;a. 2-. :::> 3

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Chapter 2

3. At tin1e t == 0 an object is traveling to the right along the


+x axis at a speed of 10.0 n1/s with acceleration - 2.0 n1/s2.
Which staten1ent is true?
(a) The object \Vill slov1 do\\111. eventually con1ing to a
con1plete stop. X
(b) The object cannot have a negative acceleration and
be n1oving to the right. X
(c) The object wi1l continue to move to the right, slowing
do\~1n but never con1ing to a con1plete stop. )(
(d) The object ,..vill slow dovvn, n101nentarily stopping,
then pick up speed n1oving to the left. ~

V--= \()'-.A.\ s
a = - .2.. -\l· '-,
• :; ... ~
.1-- •---'~,~~-~
..!.-- - - - - -
, c:.:. - - --· ~
l
"<-\ ""' .r ;i_..._ \.r

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4. A ball is thro\;vn straight up. What are the velocity and
acceleration of the ball at the highest point in its path?
(a) v == 0 . a == 0. X.
(b) v == 0 . a == 9.8 n1/s 2 up . ><
(c) v == 0 . a == 9.8 m/s 2 down . ~
(d)v == 9.81n/sup. a == O. X 7 V-o
(e) v == 9.8 n1/s down . a == 0. X. J -

'J -=.C
a= C\-t---\~i. ~

' '-

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~

1
- -
Chapter 2

5. You drop_a rock off a bridge. When the rock has fallen 4 1n.
you ~rop ..a second rock. As the t\vo rocks continue to fa 11.
\vhat happens to their velocities?
(a) Both increase at the same rate. ~
( b) The velocity of the first rock increases faster than the
velocity of the second. X
( c) The velocity of the second rock il)creases faster than
the velocity of the first.
( d) Both velocities tay constant. X

~ '\J
....,

i 2.

4~ ......

l
1",
"" --
0
~~ i t_
- q_.~

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--- - - - - ~
Chapter 2

6. You drive 4 kn1 at 30 __,_ktn/h and then another 4 kn1 at


50 k1n/h. What is your average speed for the \¥hole 8-kn1
.._,,,._,,,-
trip?
(a) More than 40 k1n/h.
(b) Equal to 40 km/h.
( c) Less than 40 km/h.
(d) Not enough information. X

'

--

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I
I
I
Chapter 2 I
I
I
7. A ball is dro2ped fr.on1 the top of a tall building. At the I
I
san1e instanL a second ball is thrown upvvar,d fro1n the I
ground level. When the two balls pass one another, one on
the ,vay up, the other on the way do'A,n. co1npare the n1agni-
tudes of their acceleration:
(a) The acceleration of the dropped ball is greater. )(
(b) The acceleration of the ball thrown up'A1ard is greater. X
(c) The acceleration of both balls is the saine. ~
(d) The acceleration changes during the n1otion. so you X
cannot predict the exact value \\/hen the two balls
pass each other.
(e) The accelerations are in opposite directions. X

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· Chapter 2 '

8. A ball is thrown downward at a speed of 20 n1/s. Choosing


the + y axis pointing up and neglecting air resistance. which
equation(s) could be used to solve for other variables? The
acceleration due to gravity is g == 9.8 n1/s2 downward.
(a) v == (20 1n/s) - gt. ~
)t'[Y ==Yo+ (-20 n1/s) t - (1/2)gt 2. ~
~ v 2 = (20 m/s) 2 - 2g(y - Yo), ~
(d) (20111/s) == ( v + v0 )/2. X
(e) All of the above. X

0-= -C\-& """\.s1 =-J


• v--" -"t nt -= -20 - dt

,
\i'~ \;+ ½0. {l = -'2iA-1/7. ~~
.. V/-t-LCA~ =. (::'2~/-2-j ~
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r- - -
! Chapter 2
9. A car travels along the x axis \vith increasio2 speed. We
don ·t know if to the left or the right. Which of the graphs
in Fig. 2- 34 1nost closely represents the motion of the
car?

~x - \J, \:- ~v~IYL .\"


(a)

~
ol/
- .
(

(b)
-tve, V -t-V £¼ .l
7 2>

Si~~,,. Jl•f( )(
)\Jj'
-ve
E.:.
°' -V<. "
< ~
,..

(c)
(

.r

'
~ sl11ye
fJ X :. 5 ( lt) X
(d)
t ><-

X
->'~-:"'.Y (x-~ _),\ s\()~~ {

(C')

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30. (II) Determine the stopping distances for an automobile
going a constant initial speed of 95 km/h and human reac•
tion time of 0.40 s: (a) for an acceleration a = - 3.0 m/ s2;
(b) for a = - 6.0m/s2. qs _ 2 ,
- t> ·'1
~ 3-b ~Is

ci tt,\,.Q__ -=

0
/ ~f ~~tr:
J,b--'-\ '
:::. \o. b + \\ b. '2. -= \2, . i }'I;'\

,. ~
.?-£.'-\ la-~ J cy~~ --2(\ ~·-\
= \O · b ;- 5i. \ -= 6~•C\"-\

-
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31. (II) A driver is traveling 18.0 mis.. when she sees a red
-
light ahead. Her car is capable of decelerating at a rate of
3.65 mLs2• If it takes her 0.350 s to get the brakes on and

she is 20.0 m from the intersection when she sees the light,
will she be able to stop in time? How far from the beginning
of the intersection will she be, and in what direction?

Y -,a ~ ----__,7,1;..,.t·

o\~-= fi cf:
d3(o-35)
~ X=% 2?'ft
l ~'2... - 3.65 ?

= ~-3 1- Lt'-t. '1 -=- 50 -~

No/ s~ . . .;Jl .be ~ ~f


~ l-e<- '"t-e.;,X<,.

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32. (II) A 75-m-long train begins uniform acceleration from
rest. The front of the train has a speed of 18 m/s when it
passes a railway worker who is standing 180 m from where
the front of the train started. What will be the speed of the
. -
last car as it passes the worker? (See Fig. 2-38.)

·•-•.•
r
--75 m

••..:..:..• ·-•-!'-. - , ), ..
V = 18 m/s

t '() WI --------«
llHl~§§S
FIGURE 2-38 Problem 32.

"L f £
0
· C\. ( I 80 + =t~

\.j -= 2.\. "\ ""'"\s


~2.-= r.;_ -t-? ( ~
(~ o-~l-5
✓ -:::. 2...\.
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(iis\
~
I
'"" "'~ -·" C,
,/
34. (III) A fugitive tries to hop on a freight train traveling at a
w

constant speed of 5.0 m/s. Just as an empty box car passes


-
him, the fugitive starts from rest and accelerates at
a = l.4m/~2 to his maximum speed of 6.0 m/s, which he
then maintains. (a) How long does it take him to catch up
to the empty box car? (b) What is the distance traveled to
reach the box car?

~----- ':)t ------M,J(-

1 a =-1•'\ -\ s'
X t, __.....,~,---- k

6 X --=- ~
. C)
"-T
\·l.\
P t:
Ax t'<~,.. y\..

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~BN GI N E ~ ~ S S I O NALS

36. (III) An unmarked police car traveling a constant 95km/ h


is passed by a speeder traveling 135 km/h. Precisely 1.00 s
after the speeder passes, the police officer steps on the
accelerator; if the police car,s acceleration is 2.60 m/ s2, 0

how much time passes before the police car overtakes the
speeder (assumed moving at constant speed)?
'-'35 / 3.£
~ •

G\ --::: '2- ~ """\ j1.

.b'1-z. -= 2.,.'1~ -9 ~ l c2..,)


', ' (6-,) 1.

~1--~ l-: -==- 2.(..'1 (1)-t0b.'1(_\:_-0


+ Y-i. l '2.·6) ( \: - \f J
.:. \:- ~ \o , l.\ ~ ~ ~C\2... w.

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4). (II) A roc~~t rises vertically, from rest,._ with an accelera-
tion of@.:2 mJ?l until it runs out of fuel at an altitude of
~ After this po~t, its a~ . tion is that of gravit~,
~ a r d . (a) What 1s the eloc · of the rocket when 1t
runs out of fuel? (b) How long does it take to reach this
point? (c) What maximum altitude does the rocket reach?
(d) How much time total oes it take to reach
maximum altitude? e . · · · . hat velocity does it .~Jrike
the Earth? (f) How long (total) is it the arrt

in
~ 3.2. ~~s
~ ~ 2.
,,r,l A::,.:.\[ -= .~ .'1
0

'-./ -::::. >J-?"+ 'Z.. .... \ s

b} ., _~ = ~--t- V-z.1. il t t. -=- 1t-= 2.2 s


:-i -q.2
s -=t()•'"\t.
0 • y _ ~ ' 9'-'r;-1.,Jf !':l->i
· ;..><r ':- >Vo ..J ~ Aj :. 2'5:, ""--

ctj ~-~ -~.g


:.. h~~-== \02.i ""

~ ~ 0 _,_/ -t t=1'•2. s
't.. ..:. t hr+J. -::-- -=--C\-. 2. g
2..
e] L ~·'\ 4:1 _
v = ~Ji;. 1-1~ -=1-lS ~- "~·--
- . w..l,
1~2-, - \

s-J -~ =-)~\ ~ v:\'\;2-


.:. b 2'2.. s .:. ti.!~ ~ '1 ~ .s
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I chapter 2
47. (II) Roger sees water balloons fall past his window. He
notices that each balloon strikes the sidewalk 0.83 s after
passing his window. Roger's room is on the third floor, 15 m
above the sidewalk. (a) How fast are the balloons trav..
eling when they pass Roger's window? (b) Assuming the
'
balloons are being released from rest, from what floor are
they being released? Each floor of the dorm is 5.0 mhigh.

~ " ..= 0
~
6 U.., -=-- \.J \:_ -\- \I2.. 0. -\::.,L
(j o ( Z__.
'
- \S -=- \I~ (o-t3)-¼- Yi.(-1-&)( o-K3) I
I
I

:. ~ -=- - \"\ '"""\ s \S~ 0LS3 s


. :. &'F' =-\'-\ --\s '
l---.,,,---,~" -

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Chapter 2

51. (II) Figure 2-42 shows the velocity of a train as a function of


time. (a) At what time was its velocity greatest? (b) During
what periods, if any, was the velocity constant? ( c) During
what periods, if any~ was the acceleration constant?
(d) When was the p agnitude of the acceleration greatest?

30 f---+----+---::,.,j"'-;--r--J'...--+---t---+-t-------+---+--1

lt .;-,;;;:~;-;3: ;;x~=~:=.~
0

101-C

O0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
I (s)
FIGURE 2-42 Problem SJ.

o,_ :-,~o ~
bC:> ......:;, go s

c] \a.I rs. ~,u.~}- ~~ \~f\= ~x


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[ Chapter 2

65. A stone is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 15.5 m/s


from the edge of a cliff 75.0 m high.
(a) How much later does it reach the bottom of the cliff?
(b) What is its speed just before hitting?
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(c) what total distance did it travel? J.. I
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Chapter 2

68. A car is behind a truck going 18 m/s on the highvvay. The


car's driver looks for an opportunity to pass, guessing that
his car can accelerate at 0.60 m/s2 and that he has to
cover the 20-m length of the truck, plus 10-n1 extra space at
the rear of the truck and 10 m mDre at the front of it. In the
oncoming lane, he sees a car approaching, probably at the
speed limit, 25 n1/s (55 n1ph). He esthTtates that the car is
about 500 n1 a"vay. Should he attempt the pass? Give details.

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