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    FORMENTERA ACT1 MachineProblem1

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    Johnmark Formentera
    1) The document provides instructions for solving two machine problems involving the design of structural elements. 2) For Machine Problem 1, the summary provides the design of a square spread footing to support a column, including calculations for effective soil pressure, footing dimensions, net ultimate soil pressure, allowable ultimate soil pressure, effective depth, punching shear stress, ultimate bending moment, steel reinforcement ratio, and development length of the reinforcement. 3) The summary is provided in 3 sentences and hits the key elements and calculations requested in the original document and problem.

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    FORMENTERA ACT1 MachineProblem1

    Uploaded by

    Johnmark Formentera
    58 views5 pages
    1) The document provides instructions for solving two machine problems involving the design of structural elements. 2) For Machine Problem 1, the summary provides the design of a square spread footing to support a column, including calculations for effective soil pressure, footing dimensions, net ultimate soil pressure, allowable ultimate soil pressure, effective depth, punching shear stress, ultimate bending moment, steel reinforcement ratio, and development length of the reinforcement. 3) The summary is provided in 3 sentences and hits the key elements and calculations requested in the original document and problem.

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    1) The document provides instructions for solving two machine problems involving the design of structural elements. 2) For Machine Problem 1, the summary provides the design of a square spread footing to support a column, including calculations for effective soil pressure, footing dimensions, net ultimate soil pressure, allowable ultimate soil pressure, effective depth, punching shear stress, ultimate bending moment, steel reinforcement ratio, and development length of the reinforcement. 3) The summary is provided in 3 sentences and hits the key elements and calculations requested in the original document and problem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    58 views5 pages

    FORMENTERA ACT1 MachineProblem1

    Uploaded by

    Johnmark Formentera
    1) The document provides instructions for solving two machine problems involving the design of structural elements. 2) For Machine Problem 1, the summary provides the design of a square spread footing to support a column, including calculations for effective soil pressure, footing dimensions, net ultimate soil pressure, allowable ultimate soil pressure, effective depth, punching shear stress, ultimate bending moment, steel reinforcement ratio, and development length of the reinforcement. 3) The summary is provided in 3 sentences and hits the key elements and calculations requested in the original document and problem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Formentera Johnmark S.

    MACHINE PROBLEM 1 & 2


    Section: Saturday 2-4 & 4-6 PM
    INSTRUCTIONS:
    Solve and submit the following problems in digital word format (text and drawings).
    All parts of the solution should be editable. Solutions not submitted in the
    aforementioned format will not be considered.

    MACHINE PROBLEM 1:
    Design a square spread footing to support an edge column 460mm x 460mm in
    dimension. The allowable soil pressure is 478.5 KPa, unit weight of soil is 20.4
    KN/m³, unit weight of concrete is 23.5 KN/m³, fć = 21 MPa, fy = 414 MPa, 75mm
    clear cover and 25mm diameter rebars both ways.
    DL = 1070 kN & LL = 1410 kN
    DL
    LL

    DL+LL

    SOLUTION

    Assume t = 790 mm

    (a) Effective Soil Pressure


    qe
    qe = qa − [(1.5 − 0.790)(20.4)]− (0.790× 23.5)

    qe= 445.451 kPa

    (b) Footing Dimension


    qe= PDL+PLL
    A
    A = DL+LL
    qe B
    B²= (1070+1410) (1000)
    (446.319)(1000) = 5.6 m²

    B = D = √ 5.6 ≅ 2.37 m

    D
    Pu

    Try 3m X 3m footing dimension

    (c) Net Ultimate Soil Pressure, qu(net)

    qu(net) = P𝑦 = 1.2(1070) + 1.6(1410) = 3540


    A 3×3 9

    qu(net) = 393.33 kPa

    qu(net)
    (d) Allowable Ultimate Soil Pressure

    qa= Pu(allowable soil pressure)


    DL+LL

    qa = 3540 (478.5 )
    1070+1410

    qa = 683.02 kPa >= 393.33 kPa qu=393.33 kPa

    qa > qu(net) therefore safe

    (e) Effective Depth as Required by Beam or One


    way shear
    3m
    • provided effective depth by footing
    Thickness:

    d = 790 − 1.5bar diameter - clear cover


    d = 790 − 1.5(25) − 75 d
    d = 677.5 mm (referred to c.g. of top layer of bw = 3m
    flexural steel)

    Vu = 393.33(3 × 0.8) = 943.992 kN

    • actual effective depth:


    1.27-d
    d= 6(943.992) (1000)
    0.75√21(3000)
    1.27
    d = 549.32 < d, safe

    (f) Effective Depth as Required by Two-Way


    Punching Stress

    c + d = 460 + d = 460 + 597.5


    = 1057.5
    d t
    bo = 4(c + d) = 4(1057.5)
    = 4230 mm

    Vp = 393.33 [(3)² - (1.0575) ²]

    Vp = 3100.11 kN
    (i)
    vc= vp

    1 √f’c = Vp
    3 ⌀bod
    qu=393.33 kPa
    d = 3Vp
    ⌀√f’cbo

    d = 3(3100.11)(1000)
    0.75√21(4230)

    d = 639.72 < d = 667.5 mm safe


    3m
    (ii)
    vc = vp
    1
    12[αsd + 2]√f’c= Vp
    bo ⌀bod
    3m
    460+d
    d= 12Vp.
    ⌀√f’c[ αsd+2]bo
    bo
    d= 12(2007.41)(1000)
    0.75√21[40d +2]3610
    3610

    d = 355.67 mm < d safe 460+d

    (g) Ultimate Bending Moment

    Mu = (393.33 × 3 × 1.27) (1.27)


    2
    Mu = 951.60 kN • m

    (h) Number of Reinforcement Both Ways

    From:
    Mu = ΦRubd²

    Ru = Mu = 951.60(1000)²
    Φbd² 0.9(3000)(677.5)²

    Ru = 0.7678 MPa

    • the actual steel ratio: qu=393.33 kPa

    p =0.85f’c [1 − √1 −2Ru
    fy 0.85f’c

    p = 0.85(21) [1 − √1 − 2(0.9267)
    414 0.85(21)

    p = 0.0019
    3m
    • minimum steel ratio, ACI Code
    - minimum steel ratio is the larger between

    p = √f’c = √21 = 0.00276


    4fy 4(414)
    3m
    p = 1.4 = 1.4 = 0.00338 ← govern
    fy 414

    pmin = 0.00338 > pact = 0.0019


    ∴ use p = pmin = 0.00338

    As = pbd = 0.00338(3000) (677.5)


    1.27
    As = 6869.85 mm²

    using 25mmØ: Ao=490.87mm2


    Mu
    n = As = 6869.85 = 13.9 (say 14 )
    Ao 490.87
    qu=393.33 kPa
    n = 13.9 ( say 14 )
    1.27
    use 14 pcs of 25mmØ both ways

    (i) Development Length

    Assume: Ψt=Ψe=Ψs=λ=1.0

    s = 3000 − 2(75) = 204 mm


    14
    c = distance from center of the bar to the nearest
    concrete surface
    25 25
    c = 75 + 1 (25) = 87.5 mm ← govern
    2
    c = one-half the center-to-center spacing of bars s
    c = 1 (204) = 102 mm 25 25
    2
    Note: Use the smaller between the two values of c 3m

    Letting Ktr = 0 (no stirrups)

    c + Ktr = 87.5 + 0 = 3.5 > 2.5


    db 25

    Hence, use 2.5

    ld = 9 * fy Ψt Ψe Ψs λ
    db 10 √fi (c + Ktr )
    db

    ld = 9 * (414) (1) (1) (1) (1)


    db 10 √21(c + Ktr )
    db

    ld = 32.52 diameters
    db
    Since:
    c + Ktr > 2.5
    db

    Then,
    ld = 30.36 diameter
    db
    ld = 30.36 (db) 460x460
    Ld = 30.36 (25)
    ld = 759 mm

    • Provided development length

    ld = 3 − 0.405 − 0.075
    2 2
    ld
    3m
    ld = 1.195 m > ld

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