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Balance PTA

This document provides a material balance for a chemical reaction process. It describes the inputs, outputs, and calculations for each piece of equipment in the process. The overall process involves a reaction of p-xylene and oxygen to produce terephthalic acid. Calculations are shown for the amounts of each component (e.g. reactants, products, byproducts) entering and leaving the reactor, surge tank, centrifuge, drier, residue still, condenser, and dehydration tower. Mass and mole balances are performed to determine the flows through each unit.

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Noi Chem-En
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197 views5 pages

Balance PTA

This document provides a material balance for a chemical reaction process. It describes the inputs, outputs, and calculations for each piece of equipment in the process. The overall process involves a reaction of p-xylene and oxygen to produce terephthalic acid. Calculations are shown for the amounts of each component (e.g. reactants, products, byproducts) entering and leaving the reactor, surge tank, centrifuge, drier, residue still, condenser, and dehydration tower. Mass and mole balances are performed to determine the flows through each unit.

Uploaded by

Noi Chem-En
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATERIAL BALANCE

CHEMICAL REACTION:

CH3 + 3O2 CH3

150C 270C -------------------------> 1500kPa 3000kPa

COOH + 2H2O COOH

OVERALL BALANCE: Basis: 750 x 103 Kg of Terephthalic acid Given: Purity of Product - 99% Conversion Solvent O2 For 1 day basis: Product: From data product is 99% pure assume rest 1% is water. Therefore amount of product (Terephthalic acid) = 742500 Kg = 4472.89 Kmoles Water associated with it Feed: From the chemical equation 1 Kmole of p-Xylene = 1 Kmole of Product But given that conversion is 95% Therefore 1 Kg mole of p- xylene = 0.95 of Terephthalic acid Therefore amount of p-Xylene reqd. = 4472.89/0.95 = 4708.31Kmoles = 499080.86 Kg Unconverted Feed = 0.05 x 4708.31 = 235.41 Kmoles =24953.46 Kg Air: 1 Kmole of p-Xylene = 3 Kmoles of Oxygen Therefore theoretical amount of Oxygen reqd. = 4708.31 x 3 = 14124.92 Kmoles = 7500 Kg = 416.67 Kmoles - 95% - 0.05 Kg / Kg of product - 5 15 % excess from theoretical value

An excess of 15 % is used to inhibit the formation of byproducts Excess amount of oxygen = 14124.92 x 0.15 = 2118.74 Kmoles Total amount of Oxygen = 16243.66 Kmoles Nitrogen associated = (79/21) x 16243.66 = 61107.1 Kmoles Total Air required = 77350.76 Kmoles = 2229.79 x 103 Kg Water: 1 Kmole of PTA = 2 Kmole of H2O Amount of water formed = 4472.89 x 2 = 8945.78 Kmoles = 161.02x103 Kg Oxygen in outlet: Amount of oxygen leaving the system = 5% unreacted + 15% excess Amount of oxygen leaving = 2824.99 Kmoles = 90.399x103 Kg Solvent Required: Given that solvent required = 0.05 Kg/Kg of PTA Amount of Acetic Acid required = 625 Kmoles = 37.5 x 103 Kg Balance across each equipment: Reactor & G-L separator: Basis : 1 Day operation INLET: Component p-Xylene Acetic Acid Air Kmoles 4708.31 625 77350.76 Kg x 10-3 499.01 37.5 2229.79 Total : 2766.3 x 103 Kg OUTLET: Component p-Xylene Acetic Acid Water Formed Air Terephthalic acid Kmoles 235.41 625 8945.78 63932.09 4472.89 Kg x 10-3 24.95 37.5 161.02 1800.39 742.5 Total: 2766.3 x 103 Kg

Surge Tank: INLET: Component p-Xylene Acetic Acid Water Formed Air Terephthalic acid Kmoles 235.41 625 8945.78 63932.09 4472.89 Kg x 10-3 24.95 37.5 161.02 1800.39 742.5 Total: 2766.3 x 103 Kg OUTLET: Component p-Xylene Acetic Acid Water Formed Air Terephthalic acid Kmoles 235.41 625 8945.78 63932.09 4472.89 Kg x 10-3 24.95 37.5 161.02 1800.39 742.5 Total: 2766.3 x 103 Kg Centrifuge: INLET: Component p-Xylene Acetic Acid Water Formed Air Terephthalic acid Kmoles 235.41 625 8945.78 63932.09 4472.89 Kg x 10-3 24.95 37.5 161.02 1800.39 742.5 Total: 2766.3 x 103 Kg In the centrifuge two streams separate out i. ii. Stream to the Rotary Drier (solid + moisture) Stream to the Residue Still

To Estimate the amount of water entering the Drier: Assume the drier is capable of removing 60% moisture entering. We have outlet from the drier as Terephthalic acid solid = 4472.89 Kmoles. Water associated with it = 416.67 Kmoles. Let y be the amount of water in inlet of the drier. y 0.6 y = 416.67 Kmoles. Therefore the inlet to the drier y = 416.67/0.4 = 1041.68 Kmoles = 18.75 x 103Kgs. Water removed in the drier (60%) = 11.25 x 103 Kgs. Water to the residue still = 142.3 x 103 Kgs. Drier: INTLET: Acetic acid enters the drier in a negligible amount and hence can be neglected Component Water Terephthalic acid Kmoles 1041.67 4472.89 Kg x 10-3 18.75 742.5 Total: 761.25 x 103 Kg OUTLET: Component Water Terephthalic acid Kmoles 416.67 4472.89 Water Lost (evaporated) : Kg x 10-3 7.5 742.5 11.25 x 103 Kgs Total : 761.25 x 103 Kgs Residue Still: INLET: Component p-Xylene Acetic Acid Water Formed Kmoles 235.41 625 7905.56 Kg x 10-3 24.95 37.5 142.3 Total : 204.75 x 103 Kgs

OUTLET: p-Xylene is a heavy key and hence in trace amounts in the distillate. From the date it is given that about 80 95 % of acetic acid is recovered hence assume that 20%(mole) goes in the residue stream and about 10%(mole) of water entering goes in the residue. Component p-Xylene Acetic Acid Water Formed Distillate (Kgs) x 10-3 35.68 128 Residue (Kg) x 10-3 24.95 1.82 14.3 Total : 204.75 x 103 Kgs Condenser: Considering the reflux for the still reflux is taken as 0.6 The vapor entering the condenser = 1.6 x 163.68 x 103 Kgs = 261.89 x 103 Kgs. Reflux to the Still = 98.21 x 103 Kgs. Feed to the dehydration tower = 163.68 x 103 Kgs. Dehydration Tower: INLET: Acetic Acid Water Feed XF = 0.93 F XF = D XD + W XW W (Residue) = 22.134 Kmoles/Hr D (Distillate) = 298.866 Kmoles/Hr XD = 0.998, XW = 0.012 Assume reflux ratio is 0.6 Condenser: Feed to the condenser = 1.6 x 5.379 x 103 Kgs/Hr = 8.61 x 103 Kgs/Hr Reflux to the dehydration tower = 3.23 x 103 Kgs/Hr Distillate (water) = 5.379 x 103 Kg/Hr : 24.738 Kmole/Hr : 296.25 Kmoles/Hr : 321 Kmoles/Hr

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