Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.

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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2021
Subject Code:3130508 Date:23-02-2022
Subject Name:Material & Energy Balance Computation
Time:10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

Marks
Q.1 (a) A bag filter of 5 micron rating is designed for a pressure drop of 0.05 03
2
lbf/in per US gallon per minute of water solution in clean conditions.
Calculate the pressure drop in kPa from the filter for water flow rate of
10 m3/hr.
(b) Heat capacity of sulphuric acid is given by 04

Cp0 = 23.06 +2.071×10-2 T

Where, Cp0 = Heat Capacity in Btu/ (lb-mol 0R) and

T = Temperature in 0R
What is the equivalent expression if heat capacity is given in kJ/ (kmol
K) and T is in K.
(c) Acetaldehyde is oxides over silica gel with the help of air. The mixture 07
is passed over the catalyst at 387 K. The outgoing dry gases are found
to contain 4.85% CO2, 8.65% acetaldehyde, 14.9% acetic acid, 2.55%
O2 and 69.05% N2 by volume on dry basis. For carrying out dry analysis,
water was first removed from the mixture. During the water removal,
some acetic acid is also condensed. Calculate (1) the percentage
conversion of acetaldehyde (2) the percentage yield of acetic acid (3)
the wt ratio of air to acetaldehyde in incoming feed (4) the percentage
removal of acetic acid during removal of water (5) the actual analysis of
gases leaving the reactor.

Q.2 (a) Calculate the vapour phase composition at 60 0C in equilibrium with a 03

liquid mixture containing 40 mole% benzene and 60 mole% toluene.
Data: Vapour pressure of benzene at 60 0C= 385 torr; Vapour pressure
of toluene at 60 0C= 140 torr

(b) Aqueous solution of triethanolamine (TEA) i.e. N(CH2CH2OH)3 04

contains 50% TEA by weight. Find the molarity of the solution if the
density of the solution is 1.05 kg/liter.

(c) Cracked gas from a petroleum refinery has the following composition 07
by volume: 45% methane, 10% ethane, 25% ethylene, 7% propane, 8%
propylene, 5% n-butane

1
 Find (1) the average molar mass of the gas mixture (2) the composition
by mass, and (3) specific gravity of the gas mixture.
OR
(c) The composition of a gas mixture in the manufacture of nitric acid at a 07
pressure of 0.709 MPa g and at a temperature of 923 K is as follows:
N2 = 70.5%, O2 = 18.8%, H2O = 1.2% and NH3 = 9.5%
Calculate the density of the gas mixture using an ideal gas law.

Q.3 (a) A waste acid from a nitrating process contains 23% HNO3, 57% H2SO4 03
and 20% water by weight. This acid is to be concentrated to contains
27% HNO3, 60% H2SO4 by the addition of concentrated sulphuric acid
containing 93% H2SO4 and concentrated nitric acid 90% HNO3. All
percentages are on weight basis. Calculate the amounts in kg of waste
and concentrated acids that must be combined to obtain 1000 kg of
desired mixture.

(b) Define (1) Stoichiometric Ratio (2) Limiting Reactant (3) Excess reactant 04
(4) Selectivity

(c) A gas mixture containing 15 mole% ‘A’ and 85 mole% inert is fed to an 07
absorption tower where it is contacted with liquid solvent ‘B’ which
absorbs ‘A’. The mole ratio of solvent to gas entering tower is 2:1. The
gas leaving the absorber contains 2.5% ‘A’, 1.5% ‘B’ and rest inert on
mole basis. Calculate (a) the percentage of the original solute ‘A’ that
remains unrecovered (b) the fraction of solvent (‘B’) fed to tower lost in
gas leaving the tower. During process same solvent evaporates and gets
added in gas leaving the tower.

OR
Q.3 (a) A multiple effect evaporator system has a capacity of processing one 03
tone per day of solid caustic soda when it concentrates weak liquor from
4 to 25% (both on weight basis). When the plant is fed with 5% weak
liquor and if it is concentrated to 50% (by weight). Find the capacity of
plant in terms of solid caustic soda assuming the water evaporating
capacity to be same in both cases.

(b) What is the difference between recycling and bypassing operation in 04

chemical industry? Discuss the importance of recycling and bypassing
operation in chemical industry.

(c) Formaldehyde is produced by dehydrogenation of methanol. 07

CH3OH HCHO + H2
The per pass conversion is 67%. The product leaving the reactor is fed
to separation unit battery where formaldehyde is separated from
methanol and hydrogen. The separated methanol is recycled to the
reactor. If the production rate of formaldehyde is 1000 kg/h, calculate:
(1) Combined feed ratio and (2) Flow rate of methanol required to the
process as fresh feed.

2
Q.4 (a) Heat Capacity data for gaseous SO2 is given by the following equation: 03
105
𝐶𝑝0 = 43.458 + 10.634 × 10−3 𝑇 − 5.945 × 2
𝑇
Calculate the heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kmol pure sulphur
dioxide from 300 K to 1000 K.

(b) Calculate the standard heat of formation of liquid 1-3 butadiene (C4H6) 04
at 298.15 K (25 0C) using the following dada:
Standard heat of formation of CO2 (g) = -393.51 kJ/mol
Standard heat of formation of H2O (l) = -285.83 kJ/mol
Heat of combustion of liquid 1-3 butadiene (C4H6) at 298.15 K (25˚ C)
= - 2520.11 kJ/mol

(c) Calculate the standard heat of reaction at 298.15 K when gaseous 07

ammonia is dissolved in water to form 2% by weight ammonia solution.
Data
Component ΔHfo, kJ/mol
NH3 (g) -49.94
NH4OH (l) -361.20
H2O (l) -285.83
OR
Q.4 (a) 125 kg/h of methanol liquid at a temperature of 35 0C is to be obtained by 03
removing heat from saturated methanol vapour. Find out the amount of heat to
be removed in kJ/sec.
Data:
Boiling point of menthol = 64.8 0C
Latent heat of condensation of methanol= 1101.7 kJ/kg
Specific heat of methanol = 2.7235 kJ/ (kg K)

(b) Define the following terms: (1) Heat of formation (2) Heat of combustion 04
(3) Heat of reaction

(c) The gas having the following composition by volume is at temperature 07

of 502 0C. SO2 = 7.09% O2 = 10.55% SO3 = 0.45% N2 = 81.91%
Calculate the heat amount of 1 kmol gas mixture over 25 0C using the
heat capacity data given below.
Gas a b x 103 c x 106 d x 109
SO2 24.7706 62.9481 -44.2582 11.122
O2 26.0257 11.7551 -2.3426 -0.5623
SO3 22.0376 121.624 -91.8673 24.3691
N2 29.5909 -5.141 13.1829 -4.968

Q.5 (a) What is ultimate analysis and proximate analysis of coal? 03

(b) Define 04
(1) Absolute Humidity (2) Relative Humidity (3) Percentage Humidity
(4) Wet bulb temperature

3
 (c) Calculate the GHV and NHV in kJ/mol, kJ/kg & kJ/m3 at 298 K of the 07
gas having following composition by volume:
CH4: 74.4 %, C2H6 : 8.4 %, C3H8 : 7.4 %, i-C4H10 : 1.7 %, n-C4H10 : 2.0
%, i-C5H12 : 0.5 %, n-C5H12 : 0.4 %, N2 : 4.3 %, CO2: 0.9 %
Data:
Component GCV, kJ/mol NCV, kJ/mol
CH4 890.65 802.62
C2H6 1560.69 1428.64
C3H8 2219.17 2043.11
i-C4H10 2868.20 2648.12
n-C4H10 2877.40 2657.32
i-C5H12 3528.83 3264.73
n-C5H12 3535.77 3271.67
Specific volume of the gas at 25 C and 101.3 kPa = 24.465 m3/kmol
0

OR

Q.5 (a) A sample from Godavari Colliery has the following analyses: 03

Component Mass%
Carbon 50.22
Hydrogen 2.79
Sulphur 0.37
Nitrogen 2.05
Ash 19.53
Oxygen 18.04
Moisture 7.00
Calculate GCV based on the Dulong formula

(b) The dry bulb temperature and dew point of ambient air were found to be 04
303 K and 289 K respectively. Calculate (1) the absolute molal humidity
(2) the % RH (3) the humid heat.
Data: Vapour pressure of water at 289 K = 1.818 kPa
Vapour pressure of water at 303 K = 4.243 kPa
Barometric pressure =100 kPa

(c) The Orsat analysis of the flue gases from a boiler house chimney by 07
volume is as given below:
CO2: 11.4%, O2: 4.2%, and N2: 84.4%
Assuming complete combustion,
(1) Calculate the % excess air
(2) Find the C:H ratio in the fuel
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