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    Analyzing Fungi-Related Cases - Mero

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    Lieka Mero
    The document contains a graded assessment with multiple choice and short answer questions about fungi and plant interactions. The first question asks students to identify structures on tree trunks as lichens and explain how sulfur dioxide from a nearby glass factory caused the disappearance of green lichens. The second question asks students to explain how the absence of chemical sprays led to taller grass due to a mycorrhizal relationship with soil fungi. The third question is about a farmer observing a green powdery substance on corn cobs and asks students to identify it as mycotoxin and explain diseases it can cause such as cancer, as well as advise controlling its spread by inspecting and discarding moldy grains.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Analyzing Fungi-Related Cases - Mero

    Uploaded by

    Lieka Mero
    86 views2 pages
    The document contains a graded assessment with multiple choice and short answer questions about fungi and plant interactions. The first question asks students to identify structures on tree trunks as lichens and explain how sulfur dioxide from a nearby glass factory caused the disappearance of green lichens. The second question asks students to explain how the absence of chemical sprays led to taller grass due to a mycorrhizal relationship with soil fungi. The third question is about a farmer observing a green powdery substance on corn cobs and asks students to identify it as mycotoxin and explain diseases it can cause such as cancer, as well as advise controlling its spread by inspecting and discarding moldy grains.

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    Analyzing Fungi-related Cases - Mero

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    The document contains a graded assessment with multiple choice and short answer questions about fungi and plant interactions. The first question asks students to identify structures on tree trunks as lichens and explain how sulfur dioxide from a nearby glass factory caused the disappearance of green lichens. The second question asks students to explain how the absence of chemical sprays led to taller grass due to a mycorrhizal relationship with soil fungi. The third question is about a farmer observing a green powdery substance on corn cobs and asks students to identify it as mycotoxin and explain diseases it can cause such as cancer, as well as advise controlling its spread by inspecting and discarding moldy grains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    86 views2 pages

    Analyzing Fungi-Related Cases - Mero

    Uploaded by

    Lieka Mero
    The document contains a graded assessment with multiple choice and short answer questions about fungi and plant interactions. The first question asks students to identify structures on tree trunks as lichens and explain how sulfur dioxide from a nearby glass factory caused the disappearance of green lichens. The second question asks students to explain how the absence of chemical sprays led to taller grass due to a mycorrhizal relationship with soil fungi. The third question is about a farmer observing a green powdery substance on corn cobs and asks students to identify it as mycotoxin and explain diseases it can cause such as cancer, as well as advise controlling its spread by inspecting and discarding moldy grains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    I. Read each situation and answer each item briefly and concisely.

    Place your answers in


    the designated KHub Quiz Tool on or before the indicated deadline. This is a graded
    formative assessment.

    1. Hansel and Gretel love to explore the mini forest at the back of their house. They
    observed that most of the tree trunks were covered with green, shrub-like structures and
    whitish-flat structures (Figure 4). After 20 years, they returned home and noticed a glass
    factory near the area. They visited the mini-forest and found that the green, shrub-like
    structures but the whitish-flat structures are still present on the trunks.

    a. Identify what are the green, shrub-like structures, and white-flat structures in Figure 4.
    (2 pts)
    = The structures appear to be lichens, which are fungi that grow on a tree trunk.

    b. Explain the disappearance of the green, shrub-like structures, and the persistence of the
    whitish-flat structures (4 points: 3 pts – integration of related concepts; 1 pt –
    organization).
    = The disappearance of the green, shrub-like structures is caused by the sulfur dioxide emitted
    from the glass factory nearby. The sulfur dioxide kills the fungi, so the green structures
    disappear, however the infections remain, which is the cause of the whitish-flat structures.

    2 .A researcher noticed that grass near fields free of chemical sprays (area A) have robust
    leaves and taller height compared to those near fields frequently sprayed with chemicals
    (area B). He examined the soil sample where the plants were grown and observed fine,
    white strands intertwined with the roots of the plant near the chemical free field, but these
    absent in the roots of the plant near the field sprayed with chemicals.

    a. Explain why the grasses near area A are robust and tall (4 points: 3 pts – integration of
    related concepts; 1 pt – organization).
    = The grasses near area A are robust and tall, as the fungi in the area developed a mycorrhizal
    relationship with the grass – the plants are the fungi’s energy source, while the fungi supply
    water and nutrients through its hyphal network. This also caused the white strands with the roots
    of the plants.
    b. Explains what happened to the plants near area B (4 points: 3 pts – integration of related
    concepts; 1 pt – organization).
    = The plants near area B are not as tall and robust as the area A plants, but are just growing as
    normal. Area B is frequently sprayed by chemicals, which keeps the area fungi-free, which
    caused the difference in plant growth in both areas.

    3. A farmer is harvesting corn in a one-hectare field. He observed the presence of green-


    powdery substance at the tip of the cob and some in the kernels in almost all his harvest.

    a. What might be the most possible identity of the green-substance he observed? (1 point)
    = The green-substance observed by the farmer is most likely mycotoxin.
    b. What disease/s may this organism cause? Explain. (Identify at least 3; 3 points each: 1 pt
    -disease identified; 2 points – integration of concepts)
    = Mycotoxins, when ingested by living creatures such as humans, can cause mycotoxicosis,
    which can cause diseases such as cancer, hemorrhagic disorders, and nephropathy. Mycotoxins
    also pose serious threats to livestock.
    c. What can you advise to control the growth and spread of the organism? Justify. (4
    points: 3 pts – integration of concepts; 1 pt – organization)
    = In order to control and reduce the growth and spread of mycotoxins, grains, which are known
    to be high in mycotoxins, should be more carefully inspected. Corn, wheat, and rice that appear
    to be discolored or moldy should be thrown away, as they can be frequently contaminated with
    aflatoxins. This could also be applied to nuts, beans, and hard cheeses. Damage to these products
    should also be minimized.

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