This document provides information on the chemical and physical properties of dimethylformamide (DMF), including its molecular formula, boiling point, density, vapor pressure, dielectric constant, and flash point. It also describes specifications for DMF purity, packaging, storage, handling, transportation, toxicology, ecotoxicology, and principal applications. DMF is a clear, colorless, hygroscopic liquid used as a solvent, especially for acrylic fibers, polyurethane elastomers, and polyurethane coatings on leather. Proper precautions are needed due to DMF's ability to be absorbed through skin.
This document provides information on the chemical and physical properties of dimethylformamide (DMF), including its molecular formula, boiling point, density, vapor pressure, dielectric constant, and flash point. It also describes specifications for DMF purity, packaging, storage, handling, transportation, toxicology, ecotoxicology, and principal applications. DMF is a clear, colorless, hygroscopic liquid used as a solvent, especially for acrylic fibers, polyurethane elastomers, and polyurethane coatings on leather. Proper precautions are needed due to DMF's ability to be absorbed through skin.
This document provides information on the chemical and physical properties of dimethylformamide (DMF), including its molecular formula, boiling point, density, vapor pressure, dielectric constant, and flash point. It also describes specifications for DMF purity, packaging, storage, handling, transportation, toxicology, ecotoxicology, and principal applications. DMF is a clear, colorless, hygroscopic liquid used as a solvent, especially for acrylic fibers, polyurethane elastomers, and polyurethane coatings on leather. Proper precautions are needed due to DMF's ability to be absorbed through skin.
This document provides information on the chemical and physical properties of dimethylformamide (DMF), including its molecular formula, boiling point, density, vapor pressure, dielectric constant, and flash point. It also describes specifications for DMF purity, packaging, storage, handling, transportation, toxicology, ecotoxicology, and principal applications. DMF is a clear, colorless, hygroscopic liquid used as a solvent, especially for acrylic fibers, polyurethane elastomers, and polyurethane coatings on leather. Proper precautions are needed due to DMF's ability to be absorbed through skin.
N, N-dimethylformamide, DMF, is a clear, Critical values
Temperature 374 °C colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a slight amine odor. Pressure 4.42 Mpa The solvent properties of DMF are particularly Volume 3.65 m³/kg attractive because of the high dielectric constant, the aprotic nature of the solvent, its wide liquid range and Surface tension, 25°C 36.42 mN/m (=dyn/cm) low volatility. It is frequently used for chemical reactions and other applications, which require a high solvency Refractive index, 25°C 1.4278 power. The product is known as a universal solvent. Viscosity, 25°C, 0.802 mPa.s (=cP)
Dipole moment, C.m, 20°C 1.27 x 10-29
Physical and chemical properties Hansen solubility parameters δd = 17.4 (MPa) 1/2 Property Value at 25 °C: δp = 13.7 (MPa) 1/2 δh = 11.3 (MPa) 1/2 Molecular formula C3H7NO δt = 24.8 (MPa) 1/2 CAS N° 68-12-2 The table below shows the thermal properties of DMF. EINECS N° 200-679-5 MITI (ENCS) listed (2)-680 Flash point TOSCA listed 68-12-2 T closed cup 58 °C Molecular weight 73.09g/mol T open cup 67 °C
Boiling point 153°C Autoignition temperature 445 °C
Freezing point -60.4°C Flammability limits in air
Lower (100°C) 2.2 vol% Density Upper (100°C) 16.0 vol% 20°C 949 kg/m³ 40°C 931 kg/m³ Free energy of formation, 25°C 239 kJ/mol Vapor pressure 20°C 0.38 kPa Heat of vaporization 40°C 1.3 kPa 25°C 47.6 kJ/mol 60°C 3.9 kPa 140°C 38.3 kJ/mol Dielectric constant, 10kHz, 25°C 36.7 Heat capacity, Liquid at 25°C 2.03 kJ/(kg.K) Vapor density 2.5 Gas at 127°C, 101.3kPa 1.61 kJ/(kg.K)
N,N-dimethylformamide 1 – 02/2004 continued from page 2
Specifications Storage and Handling
Property Specificatio Test Dimethylformamide has practically no corrosive effect
n method on ordinary metals with the exception of copper and its alloys. DMF ≥ 99.8% 111.90/2 Dimethylformamide may be stored in stainless steel or Colour ≤ 10 APHA 111.90/9 aluminum tanks. DMA ≤ 10 ppm 111.90/7 Seals should preferably be made of polytetrafluoro- ethylene (PTFE), polyethylene, or high-density Formic acid ≤ 3 ppm 111.90/6 polypropylene. Methanol ≤ 100 ppm 111.90/2 Dimethylformamide is hygroscopic and it is advisable Water ≤ 300 ppm 111.90/3 to store it under nitrogen. Additional technical information may be obtained on request. Conductivity at 20 °C ≤ 2.5 µS/cm 111.90/10 As dimethylformamide is very easily absorbed through pH 6.5 - 8.5 111.90/5 the skin, it is advisable for personnel to wear masks (20% aqueous solution and polyethylene gloves. Independent breathing at 25 °C ± 0.5) apparatus should be worn inside tanks that have contained dimethylformamide. People susceptible to skin disease or liver and Packaging stomach disorders should not be exposed to • Polyethylene drums - 200 kg net. dimethylformamide. • Iron drums (on request) - 195 kg net. In the event of accidental spillage of a small amount of • IBC container – 900kg the substance, it may be diluted with water and removed without any danger to purification plants. • Road tanker - stainless steel. If the amount spilt is large, the product should be • Rail tank car - stainless steel. recovered by pumping and then destroyed by • Barge - coaster - sea vessel. incineration or by absorption in a suitable substance for subsequent removal in compliance with current Labeling legislation. See Material Safety Data Sheet. First aid Transport regulations In the event of contact with the skin, remove See Material Safety Data Sheet. contaminated clothing under a shower. Wash skin with plenty of water and soap for at least 15 minutes. Wash Toxicology contaminated clothing before re-use. In case more than half the body surface was covered by See Material Safety Data Sheet. dimethylformamide or when the complains persist, seek medical attention. Ecotoxicology See Material Safety Data Sheet. If there is contact with the eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical aid.
N,N-dimethylformamide 2 – 02/2004 continued from page 2 Principal applications If the product has been inhaled, leave the The high solubility of polyacrylonitrile in DMF, together contaminated area immediately. Bring patient in fresh with the good miscibility of DMF in water makes DMF air. In the event of coughing, breathing difficulties, or the preferred solvent for the production of acrylic any other symptoms, seek medical aid even if these fibers. Also the spinning of polyurethane based symptoms develop several hours after the exposure. elastomers is performed from DMF based solutions. Apply oxygen when breathing is difficult, and perform artificial respiration in case of respiratory arrest. Another significant application is the use of DMF as a solvent for polyurethane-based coatings on leather In case of ingestion and absence of convulsions, drink and artificial leather fabrics. large amounts of water to dilute the substance, induce vomiting and seek medical aid. Polymers like polyvinylchloride, vinylchloride- vinylacetate copolymers and some polyamides are Fire risk also readily dissolved in DMF. DMF is also used in epoxy based formulations. With regard to transport regulations, The pharmaceutical industry uses DMF as a reaction dimethylformamide is classified as FLAMMABLE. and crystallization solvent because of its exceptional In the event of a fire, water in the form of mist of foam, solvency parameters. CO2, or powder should be used. In the petrochemical industry DMF is used for the Warning: dimethylformamide releases carbon purification of acetylene from ethylene and butadiene monoxide by decomposition on contact with heat. Fire from C4 streams. Also for the separation of aromatics, fighters should therefore be equipped accordingly. which can be easily dissolved by DMF from aliphatic hydrocarbons. Those aliphatics are used in lube oils. Principal chemical properties Due to the high solubility of SO2 in DMF, exhaust combustion streams from high sulfur containing fuels Formation of complexes can be purified with CO2 being recovered. Dimethylformamide complexes with a number of Inorganic and organic based residual fluxes are highly substances including the following: S03, P205, POCl3, soluble in DMF; therefor this solvent is used as a HCI, BF3 metal salts: CoCl2, NiCl2, FeCl3, SnCl4 cleaner for instance hot-dip tinned parts. DMF is also Stability used as industrial paint stripper. Decomposition reactions, which may be violent with This high solubility of inorganic substances also leads metallic sodium, some halogenated hydrocarbons, to the application of DMF in the production of high inorganic nitrates (particularly magnesium nitrate), voltage capacitors. triethylaluminum, bromine, and potassium permanganate. DMF is also used as carrier for inks and dyes in various printing and fiber-dying applications. Decomposition into dimethylamine and formaldehyde may occur as a result of UV irradiation. DMF is widely used as a solvent, reagent and catalyst in the synthetic organic chemistry. Hydrolysis Slight tendency towards hydrolysis in aqueous solution and at elevated temperature. The rate of hydrolysis increases in the presence of acids or alkalis (formation of formic acid and dimethylamine).
N,N-dimethylformamide 3 – 02/2004 For further questions please contact our regional sales departments
For Europe Middle-East and Africa
Taminco N.V. Taminco GmbH
Pantserschip Str. 207 Am Haupttor, Bau 8314 B-9000 GENT-BELGIUM D-06237 LEUNA-GERMANY +32(9)2541585 + 49(3461)434502 +32(9)2541468 + 49(3461)436444 [email protected][email protected]
For the Americas
Taminco, Inc. Lake park drive 1950 30080, Smyrna GA USA +1-770-801-3215 +1-770-801-3238 [email protected]
For Asia-Pacific
Taminco Asia Pacific Taminco Choline Chloride (Shanghai) Co. Ltd.
Level 6, Menara Lien Hoe Suite 1508 United Plaza Petaling Jaya 1468 Nanjing Xi Lu Selangor 47410 Shanghai 200040 MALAYSIA CHINA +603-78613 173 +8621-62470318 +603-78613 101 +862162894459 [email protected][email protected]
Feburary 2004 Technical Data sheet TDS51021/0204 Supersedes 51021/1003 Printed in Belgium
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