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Design and Analysis of PEB Warehouse: Using Staad-Pro

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

Design and Analysis of PEB Warehouse:

Using Staad-Pro
Gite Kalyani Dilip1, M. P. Wagh2
1,2
Civil Engineering, Dr. Vithalerao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering, Ahmednagar

----------------------------------------------------****************------------------------------------------------------
ABSTRACT

This paper is regarding the structural analysis of identified parts of a warehouse building. The parts analyzed
included: roof rafter, columns Beam, tension members, and the joints of the structure. The parts of the building
taken were considered to be the highest especially given the loading conditions. The three major loads acting on
the structure included: snow load, wind load, and the structure´s own weight i.e., self-weight. The main purpose
of the analysis was to consider all the structural members and identify parts of the building which experienced
high stresses. Parts of the structure which experienced high stresses were redesigned to reduce the stress levels.
The Rafter members, cross-section properties were changed which increased the second moment of area. To
increase the stiffness type of material used on the beams was changed. The next step was to isolate the structural
members and manipulate the design to gather for the high stresses. The design & analysis covers the majority of
the thesis and is the most important part of any project. There were many dependent steps involved in the
analysis part. The structure that did not experience high stresses is 90% part of the structure. Redesigning was
keen to support the analysis.

Keywords: Stress analysis, Load Cases, Pre-En gineered Building, Equipment Loading, Truck loadoutArea, &
Mezzanine Floor.
INTRODUCTION

The paperis about structural analysis of identified parts of a building warehouse. The parts analyzed included: roof
rafter, columns and the joints of the structure. Most crucial especially given the loading conditionsare the parts of the
building chosen were considered. Themajor loads acting on the structure are: snow load, wind load and the structure´s
own weight. To identify parts of the building which experienced high stresses is the main purpose of the analysis.Until
recently, It is proven that the analysis of complex structures proved to be difficult and consumed too much time. All
credit is to the highly powerful computers and research work, efficient methods of structural analysis have been
developed.In order to reduce the stress levels Parts of the structure that experienced high stresses were redesigned. For
example, for the Rafter members, cross section properties were changed which increased the second moment of area.
To increase the stiffness, the type of material used on the beams was changed. To isolate the members and manipulate
the design so as to serve for the high stresses is the next step. Thereare too many dependent steps involved in the
analysis. The structure did not experience high stresses is 90% part of structure. Redesigning was keen to support the
analysis.

General
The main aim of the paper is to improve the design of a PEB warehouse Structure. Structural analysis is necessary as
the reliability of the structure is investigated. Can the building withstand the loading conditions? That is the question
Raised so many times during the analysis. The structural analysis is important since it find out the critical parts that
need special attention or the special concept. Furthermore, to understand the design of the structure in more detail the
analysis helps. A purpose of every part of the structure should be identified before any adjustments are made. Figures
one and two below show the physical real building including the interior parts that will be analyzed

WAREHOUSE DETAILS:
The steel warehouse is a kind of frame building, of which the frame structure principally consists of steel beams and
columns. The door and window made of PVC or aluminum alloy used for the steel frame structure warehouse. Purlin
supporting system, wall and roof purlin C-type and Z type sections are used.

It is huge, one-story buildings with high ceilings (18 – 32 ft clear dist.)Multiple dock high (48 inches) to accommodate
the loading and unloading of larger trucks, loading doors.

It is used for Packaging,storage and distribution, which means only a small amount of office spaceis required and most
of the space will be dedicated to storing products and production.

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

Fig. 1.2: Typical warehouse steel structure

Basic Functions Performed:

Fig.1.3: flow chart of function

TYPE OF WAREHOUSE
Table.1.4 Types of warehouses

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

Fig. 1.4.1: Typical Mezzanine Floor

Fig.1.4.2: Typical Loadout Area

THE ADVANTAGES OF STEEL WAREHOUSES:

Clear Span Construction-

Clear span design can be anywhere from 150 feet to 250 feet wide And if your building required to be even wider
than 250 feet, its approachable The Maximum 40 40 feet height gives more space for stacks of pallets and Storage
racks.

Customizable-
The Standard-size of building for steel structure warehouses may be varying in lengths, widths and height are
possiblealso there are many options for door systems – such as overhead doors, roll up doors and scissor gates,
available in a various type of heights and widths.

Affordable-
The steel material itself is Affordable in Cost, and better for the environment.
Unlike wood, steel is 100% recyclable

Sturdy
The Design is carried out in such a manner that structure can built to withstand high winds and heavy snow loads.

Safer
As steel is a non-combustible material, steel warehouse buildings for sellout are safer than wooden buildings.
If the fire occurs then the steel frame, wall panel and ceiling panels will not burn as they are non-combustible.

Easy Construction
Steel warehouses can be installedeasily, helps with the affordability of the building when it comes to paying contractors
to put the building together.

In addition steel warehouse buildings are rapid to form, cut and weld,so,entire building materials can be conferred to
the construction site in just a couple of weeks, Due to which construction time is also speeds up.

Low Conservation
Steel has low maintenance/conservation over wood. steel is not impressed by rot, mold.
Commercial grade, galvanized steel also doesn’t not rust.

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

Attractive

METHODOLOGY

GENERAL
Analysis and design of warehouse steel structure Steps for the project:

PRELIMINARY STAGE
Data collection-
Input regarding to warehouse dimensions i.e., Arch Drawing and also the details load list for equipment load is
gathered.

Soil condition of the area –

SBC of soil is the 1st input for design of foundation and it can be taken from the soil Reports.

Equipment data for loading-

In the mezzanine floor so the load factor and equipment loading details is taken into consideration, As it consists of
Equipment and staircase.

1. Structure near to warehouse for basic wind speed

2. Seismic condition of area
3. Arch dwg preparation

SOFTWARE STEPS-STAAD PRO:

1. Modelling of warehouse
2. Analysis and design using various methods like conventional and PEB section
3. Comparing results of method.
GENERAL NARRATION OF STRUCTURE:
The structure is having plan dimension of 88m x 104m.

The structure is analyzed for a height of 12.4m.

The height of mezzanine floor is 4.5m.

The structure supports are supposed to be fixed at base.

Response spectrum method in accordance with the latest Indian Standard criteria for earthquake resistant design of
structures IS 1893(Part 1):2016 used for computation of the design earthquake loading for the RC framed building and
the structural response.

DETAILS OF WAREHOUSE
Software Used-Bentley STAAD.PRO V8i

Type of structure –
On the basis of type of material-steel structure PEB
On the basis of Opening Area- Closed structure
Plan dimension-88x104 m
Length-104m
Width -88m

Loading bay-44x15 M(FRONT)

Mezzanine floor-32x88 m
Height-4.5m-mezzanine
-12.4m-total
Type of roof-Duo Pitch Roof
Mono pitchedRoof (Canopy)
Slope of Roof-1:10
Roof Area-10080 m2

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

Fig 2.4.1 Ground Floor Plan Fig 2.4.2 Mezzanine Floor Plan

Fig 2.4.3 Side Elevation views Fig 2.4.4 Front Elevation views

Material Specification-
Construction material used in the project confirms to IS: 2062: 2006 are mentioned as below,
Structural Properties-
Structural Steel-
1.1 Youngs Modulus (E) = 2.05e+08 kN/m2
1.2 Poisons Ratio = 0.3
1.3 Density = 76.8195 kN/m3
1.4 Thermal Coeff = 1.2 e-05 /0C
1.5 Critical Damping 0.03
Concrete-
2.1 Youngs Modulus (E) = 2.171e+07 kN/m2
2.2 Poisons Ratio = 0.17
2.3 Density = 23.5 kN/m3
2.4 Thermal Coeff = 1.0 e-05 /0C

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

2.5 Critical Damping = 0.05

Material Properties
Table 2.4.2-Material Properties

Physical Properties-
Cladding Sheet Details: NA
-Corrugated cladding panels shall be applied as single lead roof- and wall
-cladding for weather protection shelters or for buildings and structures with
-no requirements regarding heat- or sound insulation.
-They shall also be used for double-leaf wall constructions or as substructure on composite roofconstructions.
-For single-lead clad roofs and walls, translucent panels of UV- and weather resistant
-PVC may be arranged within the cladding to ascertain natural illumination.
Deck Sheet Details: 1.5 mm thickness
Deck Slab Details: 150 mm thickness
Bricks:
a. Material – Fire Burnt Bricks (IS-3495-1976)
b. Class – First Class
c. Density – 19 KN/m
LOADING DETAILS-
PRIMARY LOADS -
a) Seismic Load +X
b) Seismic Load -X
c) Seismic Load +Z
d) Seismic Load -Z
e) Self Weight
f) DL (Dead Load)
g) LL (Live Load)
h) RLL (Roof Live Load)
i) WL+XP (Wind Pressure in +X Direction)
j) WL-XP (Wind Pressure in -X Direction)
k) WL+XS (Wind Suction in +X Direction)
l) WL-XS (Wind Suction in -X Direction)
m) WL+ZP (Wind Pressure in +Z Direction)
n) WL-ZP (Wind Pressure in -Z Direction)
o) WL+ZS (Wind Suction in +Z Direction)
p) WL-ZS (Wind Suction in -Z Direction

LOAD ASSUMPTIONS
Applied Loads
Self Weight-
The selfweight of the steel structure is increased by 10% to include the supplement of mounting and end plates, etc

Dead Load-
a) M25 grade 150mm thick slab on Mezzanine floor
Intensity = 3.75 kN/m
Deck Sheet (1.5mm) Intensity = 78.50 x 0.0015 = 0.1155kN/m2
Brick wall 230 mm wide Intensity = 15.29 kN/m
Partition of 150mm wide Intensity = 9.975 kN/m
Roofing sheet Intensity = 0.3kN/m2 = 0.3 x 8 = 2.4kN/m
Solar Panel Load Intensity = 0.5kN/m2 = 0.5 x 8 = 4kN/m2
Floor Finish Intensity = 1kN/m2

Live Load-
a) Floor live load Intensity – 5 kN/m2
b) Roof is inaccessiible: Intensity - 0.75 kN/m2

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

Roof Live Load

Environmental Loads
Wind Load-
Wind Load Wind load applied on the structures shall confirms to IS 875:2015- Part-III. Wind zone map shown in
figure

Wind pressure calculations Coefficients have been used according to IS875 Part-III to have wind pressure calculations
mentioned below
The Basic wind speed (Vb) : 50 m/sec.
The Design wind speed (Vz) = Vb X K1 X K2 X K3 X K4
=50 X 1 X 0.95 X 1 X 0.9
= 42.75 m/s
The Design wind pressure (Pz) = 0.6 X (Vz) 2
= 0.6 X (42.75) 2
= 1.096 kN/m2
Seismic Loads-
Seismic load applied on the structures shall confirms to IS 1893:2016- Part-I.
Seismic zone map shown in figure as below-
Zone factor = 0.16 (Zone III)
Importance factor = 1.2
Response reduction factor = 5
Damping Ratio = 0.05
Ref: IS1893:2016 (Part-I) – Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
Seismic Load applied on the structures shall confirms to IS 1893:2016- Part
Seismic Zone map shown in figure as below

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

Other Loads
1. Equipment Loads = NA
2. Electrical Load = NA
3. Plumbing Load = NA

Fig 2.5.2.1-Isometric View of STAAD Model

Fig 2.5.2.4- Views of STAAD Mode

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

DESIGN STANDARDS

Table 2.6-Design Standard code

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The structural analysis and design was done using the Staad.Pro software which is very user friendly and effective.The
frame was analysed and designed according to the PEB concept and then by the CSB concepts. On comparing the
results of both the analysis,Observed that As compared to CSB Structure PEB Weight and the results are more effective
The Results Which are obtained from the analysis is listed below in table-

Support Reaction (kN) Fx = 95.416

Fy= = 888.048
Fz= 375.794
Maximum deflection (mm) Ux=154.44
Uy= -110.109
Uz= -106.890
Maximum Shear Force (kN) Fy=-301.084
Maximum Moment (kNm) Mz=761.516
My=87.279

Steel Take Off (Tones) -760 Ton

CONCLUSION

This paper effectively notifies that PEB structures can be easily designed by effortless design procedures in accordance
with country standards. From the study, it can be concluded that PEB structures are more gainful than Conventional
structures in terms of cost effectiveness, quality control, swiftness in construction and simplicity in installation. In
understanding the design mechanism of PEB concept this paper and study is helpful.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am KalyaniGitewants to Say thank you to the VithalraoVikhePatil College of Engineering Ahmednagar. Gratefully
acknowledged to the department of civil engineering. The Comment and guidance of teacherand Group Discussion
with friends have also improved the paper work.

REFERENCES

[1] C.M.Meera,M.E.StructuralEngineering,Pre-Engineered Building Design of an industrial warehouse,International

Journal Of engineering science and emerging technologies ISSN:2231-6604 Vol5,Issue 2,pp: 75-82 IJESET
Regional Center of annauniversity,Coimbatore,India,June 2013
[2] Dr.B.C.Punmia,Dr. Ashok Kumar Jain,Dr.Arun Kumar Jain,The book of ”Design of steel
structures”,Secondedition,Lakshmi Publications(P)Ltd,113,Golden house daryaganj,NewDelhi,March 2009
[3] IS:875(Part I),Indian standard code of practice for design loads(other than earthquake)for building and
structures.Part I Dead load-unit weight if building material and stored material.(2nd revision)Edition 3.1 UDC
624.042.3:006.76 Buerau of Indian standard,manak bhavan,9 Bahadur shah zafarmarg,Newdelhi,(1997-12)

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 International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), ISSN: 2455-6211
Volume 9, Issue 7 July -2021, Impact Factor: 7.429, Available online at: www.ijaresm.com

[4] IS:875(Part II),Indian standard code of practice for design loads(other than earthquake)for building and
structures.Part II Imposed loads UDC 624.042.3:006.76 2nd revision,6th reprint,Buerau of Indian standard,manak
bhavan,9 Bahadur shah zafarmarg,Newdelhi,June 1998
[5] IS:875(Part III),Indian standard code of practice for design loads(other than earthquake)for building and
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bhavan,9 Bahadur shah zafarmarg,Newdelhi,Nov 1998
[6] IS:875(Part V),Indian standard code of practice for design loads(other than earthquake)for building and
structures.Part V Special loads and combinations UDC 624.042.3, 2nd revision,4th reprint,Buerau of Indian
standard,manak bhavan,9 Bahadur shah zafarmarg,Newdelhi,Nov 1997
[7] Nikhil Agrawal. V.K.Gupta M tech student,”Comparision of steel quantity for gable frame based on Wind forced
from a few international wind codes”The 7th Asia oacific conference on wind Engineering,TaipeiTaiwan,Dept Of
civil Engg. Indian institute of technology Roorkee,india Nov 8-12-2009
[8] IS 800-2007 Design of steel structures by limit state method, S.S.Bhavikathi 2011

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