1)Create syntax:

create table EMPLOYEE(

empid int,
empname varchar(255),
managerid int,
deptid,
salary,
DOB);
2)Insert syntax:
insert into EMPLOYEE (empid,empname,managerid,deptid,salary,DOB)
values(1 , 'emp 1' , 0 , 1 , 6000 , '1982-08-06 00:00:00.000'
),
(2 , 'emp 2 ' , 0 , 5 , 6000 , '1982-07-11 00:00:00.000' ),
(3 ,'emp 3' , 1 , 1 , 2000 , '1983-11-21 00:00:00.000 ' ),
(13 ,'emp 13' , 2 , 5 , 2000 ,'1984-03-09 00:00:00.000' ),
(11 , 'emp 11' , 2 , 1 , 2000 ,'1989-07-23 00:00:00.000' ),
(9 , 'emp 9' , 1 , 5 , 3000 ,'1990-09-11 00:00:00.000' ),
(8 , 'emp 8' ,3 , 1 ,3500 ,'1990-05-15 00:00:00.000' ),
(7 , 'emp 7' , 2 , 5 , NULL , NULL ),
(3 , 'emp 3' , 1 , 1 , 2000 , '1983-11-21 00:00:00.000' );

3)create table department (

deptid int,
deptname varchar(255)
);
4)insert into department
(deptid,deptname)
values ( 1 , 'IT'),
(2 , 'Admin') ;
5)Can you get employee details whose department id is not valid or department id
not present in department table?
using left join
SELECT E.EMPID,E.EMPNAME, E.DEPTID FROM EMPLOYEE E
left outer join DEPARTMENT d
on E.DEPTID = D.DEPTID
WHERE D.DEPTID IS NULL
using not in
SELECT E.EMPID,E.EMPNAME, E.DEPTID FROM EMPLOYEE E
where e.deptid not in (select deptid from department)
using not exits
SELECT E.EMPID,E.EMPNAME, E.DEPTID FROM EMPLOYEE E
where NOT EXISTS (select deptid from department where e.deptid=department.deptid)
6) Employee and Manager ID are in the same table; can you get manager names for
employees?
SELECT e1.empid as EmployeeId, e1.empname as EmployeeName,
e1.ManagerId , e2.empname AS ManagerName
FROM employee e1, employee e2
where e1.ManagerId = e2.empid

left oute rjoin

select E1.empid [Emp_id],E1.empname [Emp_name],
E2.managerid [Mgr_id],E2.empname [Mgr_name]
from [employee] E1 left join
[employee] E2
on E1.managerid=E2.empid
7)Can you get the list of employees with same salary?

select distinct e.empid ,e.empname,e.salary from employee e where salary in

(select salary from employee group by salary having count(*)>1)
or
Select distinct e.empid,e.empname,e.salary
from employee e, employee e1
where e.salary =e1.salary
and e.empid != e1.empid
8)How can you find duplicate records in Employee table?
SELECT EMPID,EMPNAME, SALARY, COUNT(*) AS CNT
FROM EMPLOYEE
GROUP BY EMPID,EMPNAME, SALARY
HAVING COUNT(*)>1

9)How can you DELETE DUPLICATE RECORDS?

DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE EMPID IN (

SELECT EMPID
FROM EMPLOYEE
GROUP BY EMPID,EMPNAME, SALARY
HAVING COUNT(*)>1
)
10) Find the second highest salary.
Select max(Salary) from employee
where Salary not in (Select max(Salary) from employee)

11)can you find 3rd, 5th or 6th i.e. N'th highest Salary?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE E
WHERE 2 = (SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT E1.SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEE E1
WHERE E1.SALARY>E.SALARY)
2=3-1 i.e N-1

How to find two minimum salaries from the employees?

SELECT DISTINCT Salary FROM Employee E1
WHERE 2 >= (SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Salary)FROM Employee E2
WHERE E1.Salary >= E2.Salary) ORDER BY E1.Salary DESC
How to find two maximum salaries from the employees?
SELECT DISTINCT Salary FROM Employee E1
WHERE 2 >= (SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Salary)FROM Employee E2
WHERE E1.Salary <= E2.Salary) ORDER BY E1.Salary DESC
How to find two maximum salaries from the employees?
SELECT DISTINCT Salary FROM Employee E1
WHERE 2 >= (SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Salary)FROM Employee E2
WHERE E1.Salary <= E2.Salary) ORDER BY E1.Salary DESC
How to get minimum and maximum from the employees?
SELECT MIN(Salary) FROM Employee
UNION
SELECT MAX(Salary) FROM Employee
12) Can you write a query to find employees with age greater than 30?

select * from employee

where datediff(year,dob, getdate()) >30

--SELECT DATEDIFF("2017-01-01", "2016-12-24");--

13)Please write a query to get the maximum salary from each department.
select DeptId, max(salary) as Salary from employee group by deptid
14)Can you show one row twice in results from a table?
select d.deptname from department d,department d1 where d.deptname='IT'
also we can use union all
14)Can you write a query to get employee names starting with a vowel?
Select empid, empname from employee where empname like '[aeiou]%'
15) Can you write a query to get employee names ending with a vowel?
Select empid, empname from employee where empname like '%[aeiou]'
16)Can you write a query to get employee names starting and ending with a vowel?
select empid, empname from employee where empname like '[aeiou]%[aeiou]'
17)Write a query to get employees whos ID is even.
select * from employee
where empid %2 =0
18)odd
select * from employee
where empid %2 !=0
19)How can you get random employee record from the table?
select top 1 * from employee order by newid()
20)Give data in a table is of format 'NN/NN', verify that the first and last two
characters are numbers and that the middle character is '/'.
SELECT DataCol, 'CHECK' =
CASE
WHEN datacol like '%[0-9]%[^A-Z]%/%[^A-Z]%[0-9]%' then 'NUMBER'
else 'NOT NUM'
end
from TestOne
-------------------
How to find duplicate FName along with their count from Employee?
SELECT FName, COUNT(Id) AS CNT
FROM Employee
GROUP BY FName
HAVING COUNT(Id)>1
How to find duplicate Salary along with their count from Employees?
SELECT Salary, COUNT(Id) AS CNT
FROM Employee
GROUP BY Salary
HAVING COUNT(Id)>1
How to get common records from two different tables which have not any joining
conditions?
SELECT FName, LName, Address, DOB FROM Employee1
INTERSECT
SELECT FName, LName, Address, DOB FROM Employee2
How to display 4 to 7 records?
SELECT * FROM (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER( ORDER BY Id) AS No, FName, Lname FROM Employee
) as tmp
WHERE tmp.No between 4 and 7

Alternative for TOP clause

SET ROWCOUNT 3
SELECT * FROM Employee ORDER BY Id ASC
SET ROWCOUNT 0

SELECT * FROM Customers

WHERE ROWNUM <= 3;

SELECT * FROM Customers

LIMIT 3;

How to find employees with an age greater than 40 years?

SELECT * FROM Employee
WHERE datediff(year,DOB, getdate()) >40
How to find the last employee record?
SELECT * FROM Employee
WHERE Id= (SELECT max(Id) FROM Employee)
How to get the first and last records from employees?
SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE Id = (SELECT MIN(Id) FROM Employee)
UNION
SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE Id = (SELECT MAX(Id) FROM Employee)
How to find the maximum salary from each department?
SELECT DeptId, MAX(Salary) as Salary
FROM Employee GROUP BY DeptId
How to get the total number of employees working in the 'HR' department?
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Employee E
INNER JOIN Department D ON D.Id = E.DeptId
WHERE D.Name = 'HR'
How to get a department-wise count of employees?
SELECT D.Name, COUNT(*) AS Employees FROM Employee E
INNER JOIN Department D ON D.Id = E.DeptId
GROUP BY D.Name
How to create a new table which consists of only structure without copy data from
the other table?
SELECT *
INTO Employee1
FROM Employee
WHERE 1=2
How to find employees with the same salary?
SELECT DISTINCT e.Id,e.FName, e.LName, e.Salary
FROM Employee e, Employee e1
WHERE e.salary = e1.salary
and e.Id != e1.Id
How to get employees working in the same department?
SELECT DISTINCT e.Id,e.FName, e.LName, e.DeptId
FROM Employee e, Employee e1
WHERE e.DeptId = e1.DeptId
and e.Id != e1.Id
How to get 50% records from the employee?
SELECT *
FROM Employee WHERE
Id <= (SELECT COUNT(Id)/2 from Employee)
How to find employees who hold managerial positions?

SELECT DISTINCT e.Id, e.FName, e.LName

FROM Employee e
INNER JOIN Employee m ON m.ManagerId = e.Id

How to get the first four characters of FName from employees?

SELECT SUBSTRING(FName, 1, 4) FROM Employee
how to find employees whose name starts with an alphabet ‘A’ and contains six
alphabets?
SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE FName LIKE 'A_____'

How to find salaries paid for each department?

SELECT DeptId, SUM(Salary) FROM Employee GROUP BY DeptId

How to retrieve date in 'dd/mm/yyyy' format?

SELECT CONVERT(date, getdate())

How to get the last day of the previous month?

SELECT DATE_ADD("2017-06-15", INTERVAL 10 DAY);
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