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Lesson 3 - Prokaryotic Vs Eukaryotic Cells

This document compares and contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are single-celled organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells are found in multicellular organisms and contain membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus. Both cell types have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA, but eukaryotic cells are generally larger and contain structures like mitochondria and the Golgi body. The main difference is that prokaryotes lack a well-defined nucleus, while the eukaryotic nucleus is compartmentalized.

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468 views28 pages

Lesson 3 - Prokaryotic Vs Eukaryotic Cells

This document compares and contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are single-celled organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells are found in multicellular organisms and contain membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus. Both cell types have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA, but eukaryotic cells are generally larger and contain structures like mitochondria and the Golgi body. The main difference is that prokaryotes lack a well-defined nucleus, while the eukaryotic nucleus is compartmentalized.

Uploaded by

loki
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Lesson 3 STEM-12B

Prokaryotic
vs.
Eukaryotic Cells
By: Group 2 (Set B)
Group 2 (Set B):
Leader: Olaso, Peter

Members:
Batacan, Margaret Jann
Cabarrus, Ericka Joy
Gamboa, Nicole
Prado, Mikaella
Valloso, Marc Louiel
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the features/structures that is present in
eukaryotic cell but absent in prokaryotic cells.

2. Distinguish prokaryortic and eukaryotic cells


according to their distinguishing features.

3. Make a Venn Diagram showing the similarities and


differences of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
2 kinds of organisms
according to their cell
structure:
Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotes
are single-celled
organisms that lack a
membrane-bound nucleus,
mitochondria, and all other
organelles.
Eukaryotes
are organisms with cells
that contain membrane-
bound nucleus and other
membrane-bound
organelles.
Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
Similarities
Plasma Membrane, an outer covering that allows
selective entry and exit of substances in and out of
the cell, is found in both cell types.
Both contain cytoplasm, a jelly-like fluid that fills the
cell’s entire interior where all other cellular
components are found.
DNA is the genetic material in both cell types.
In both, ribosomes help in protein synthesis.
Differences
Prokaryotic cells are the primitive kind of cell, whose
size varies from 0.5-3um, they are generally found in
single-cell organisms.

Eukaryotic cells are the modified cell structure


containing different components in it, their size
varies from 2-100μm, they are found in multicellular
organisms.
Differences
Organelles like mitochondria, ribosomes, Golgi
body, endoplasmic reticulum, cell wall, chloroplast,
etc. are absent in Prokaryotic cells.

Those organelles are found in Eukaryotic


organisms. Though cell wall and chloroplast are not
found in the animal cell, it is present in the green
plant cell, few bacteria, and algae.
Differences
The main difference between Prokaryotic cells and
the Eukaryotic cell is the nucleus, which is not well
defined in Prokaryotes whereas it is well structured,
compartmentalized and functional in Eukaryotes.
Differences

Cell organelles are present which are


membrane-bound and have individual
functions in Eukaryotic cells; many organelles
are absent in Prokaryotic cells.
Differences
In Prokaryotes, the cell division takes place
through conjugation, transformation, and
transduction.

In Eukaryotes, it is through the process of cell


division.
Differences
The process of transcription and translation
occurs together, and there is a single origin of
replication in the Prokaryotic cell.

On the other hand, there are multiple origins of


replication and transcription occurs in nucleus
and translation in the cytosol.
Differences
Genetic Material (DNA) is circular and
double-stranded in Prokaryotes.

In Eukaryotes, it is linear and double-


stranded.
Differences

Prokaryotes reproduce asexually.

Commonly Prokaryotes have a sexual


mode of reproduction.
Differences
Prokaryotes are the simplest, smallest
and most abundantly found cells on
earth.

Eukaryotes are larger and complex


cells.
RERERENCES
https://www.sciencefacts.net/prokaryotes-vs-
eukaryotes.html

https://techybois.com/difference-
between/difference-between-eukaryotes-and-
prokaryotes

Q1_GeneralBiology1 -Module
Q & A:
1. What are the two kinds of organisms
according to the cell structure?

2. Its name comes from the Greek word


pro which means, "before", and karyon
which means, "nut or kernell".
Q & A:
3. These are organisms with cells that
contain membrare-bound nucleus and
other membrane-bound organelles.

4. These are single-celled organisms that


lack a membrane-bound nucleus,
mitochondria, and all other organelles.
Q & A:

5. What is a circular and double


stranded in Prokaryotes?
Thank You

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