DESIGN OF SINGLY REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM

Prepared by Engr. RANDY G. POLICARPIO

PROBLEM:
Design a simply supported reinforced concrete beam with L = 4.5 m; DL (unfactored) = 18.5
kN/m; LL (unfactored) = 35.6 kN/m; f'c = 21 MPa; fy = 276 MPa. Use ρ = 0.5ρb

Given:
kN
L  4.5m  conc  23.6 conccover  40
3
m
kN tie bar  10
DL  18.5
m f'c  21MPa

kN
LL  35.6 fy  276MPa
m

Solution:

Factored Load:
kN
wu  1.2 DL  1.6 LL  79.16
m

Design Moment:

2
wu L
Mu   200.374 kN  m
8

Assume steel ratio:

 0.5b

 1  0.85

  0.5 ( 0.85)   1 f'c   

  0.019

page 1
  fy 
R   fy   1  0.59  
 f'c

R  4.438

2
Mu
b d
 R

Take b  300   0.90

2
M u  ( 1000)
d 
b  R

d  408.948 say d  434 mm

Required Steel Area:

Number of Bars:

d b  32 mm

db
d'  40  10   66 mm h  d  d'  500 mm
2


A b 
4
 2  804.248
 db mm
2

As
n   3.048 say n  4
Ab

Check clear spacing of Bars:

Consider 1-layer


b  conccover  tie bar  2  ( n )  d b   
ClearSpacing Bars   24 mm less than 25 mm
n 1 re-arrange the bars
Consider 2-layers of bars
n 1  3 number of bar in layer 1

n 2  1 number of bar in layer 2

check spacing of bars in layer 1:


b  conccover  tie bar  2  n 1  d b    
ClearSpacing Bars   52 mm greater than 25 mm OK
n1  1
page 2
 Re-Compute the effective depth:

Solve for the distance of the centroid of the group of bars (d'): refer to the bottom of the beam section
db
Distance of bars in layer1 with respect to the y 1  conccover  tie bar   66 mm
bottom of the beam section 2

Distance of bar in layer2 with respect to the y2  conccover  tie bar  25  db  107 mm
bottom of the beam section

A t d'  ( a y )
nolayer

n   d b    d' n 1  d b    y 1  n 2   d b    y 2
  
 2
 2 2
 4   4   4 

n 1 y 1  n 2 y 2
d' 
n

3 ( 66mm)  1( 107mm)
d'
4

d'  76.25 mm

Effective depth d: d  h  d'

d 500mm  76.25mm

d  423.75 mm

Check Adequacy:
Solving for a:
Assume steel yields:
fs  fy

( n)    d 2  f
0.85 f'c  a b  b  y
 4  page 3
 a  165.806 mm
Solving for c:

a
c   195.066 mm
1

Solving for f
s

fs  600 
d  c
  703.408 fs  fy
 c 

Remarks  "steel has yielded"

Therefore assumption is correct.

Check ductility requirement using ACI 318-14

dt  h  y1  434 mm

 dt  c 
 t  0.003  
 c 

 t  0.0036747  t  0.004

Remarks2  "section is not ductile"

For the strength reduction factor, ϕ

since 0.002   t  0.005 section is in the transition zone

 t  0.002
250
  0.65 
3

  0.790

Solving for the factored moment strength,M n ( kN  m)

a   1 c  165.806 mm

  A s  fy   d 
a 
M n 
  2 

 ( n)    d 2 f   d  a  
4 b
   y  2
M n    
 
 6 
 10  page 4
 M n  238.947 kN  m

Ultimate Moment:

Include weight of beam::

(b )(h )
W beam    conc  4 kN  m
2
1000

 
wu  1.2 DL  W beam  1.6( LL)

wu  83.408

2
wu L
Mu   211.126 kN  m
8

M n  Mu

Remarks3  "Beam is adequate"

SKETCH:

page 5