Scribd
Upload
159 views16 pages

Lesson 6 - Learners With Exceptionalities

This document provides an overview of exceptional learners and defines key terms. It describes various categories of exceptionalities including cognitive/academic difficulties, social/emotional/behavioral difficulties, and physical disabilities/health impairments. Specific conditions discussed include learning disabilities, ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, emotional/conduct disorders, sensory impairments, and giftedness. Guidelines are provided on using people-first respectful language when referring to individuals with exceptionalities.

Uploaded by

Jeremy Fortes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
159 views16 pages

Lesson 6 - Learners With Exceptionalities

This document provides an overview of exceptional learners and defines key terms. It describes various categories of exceptionalities including cognitive/academic difficulties, social/emotional/behavioral difficulties, and physical disabilities/health impairments. Specific conditions discussed include learning disabilities, ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, emotional/conduct disorders, sensory impairments, and giftedness. Guidelines are provided on using people-first respectful language when referring to individuals with exceptionalities.

Uploaded by

Jeremy Fortes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Lesson 6- Learners with

Exceptionalities
Educ 201
Mitchell L. Mamites
Objectives:
Describe Describe the basic categories of exceptional learners

Define and Define and distinguish the terms disability and handicap
distinguish

Demonstrate “people first” language when referring to exceptional


Demonstrate learners and advocate for its use
KEY TERMS
1. Exceptionalities
2. Learning Disability
3. Impairment: Physical, Sensory and Health
4. Mental Retardation
5. Autism
6. Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Watch any of the following movie:
The Rain Man
I am Sam
ACTIVITY
Every Child is Special
Son-rise: Miracle of Love
The Life of Helen Keller
ABSTRACTION

❑ Disability- a measurable impairment or limitation that “interferes with a


person’s ability. It may be physical, sensory or mental condition.”

❑ Handicap- a disadvantage that is a result of a disability or impairment. The


degree of disadvantage is often dependent on the adjustment made both
by the person or his environment
1. Exceptional Children or youth
• Also referred to as Children with Special Needs (CSN)
• mental retardation
• Giftedness and talents
• Learning disabilities
• Emotional and behavioral disorders
• Communication disorders
• Deafness
• Blindness and low vision
• Physical disabilities
• Health impairments
• Severe disabilities
COGNITIVE OR ACADEMIC DIFFICULTIES
• Learning Disabilities- disorders that affect one's ability in the domains of spoken or
written language, mathematical calculation, attention, or the coordination of movements that
are not due to mental retardation, emotional or behavioral disorders or sensory impairment.
• Example:
❖ Dyslexia, which causes difficulties with word recognition, spelling, and comprehension
❖ Dysgraphia, which results in impaired handwriting, impaired spelling, or both
❖ Dyscalculia, which affects the ability to learn arithmetic and mathematics
❖ Nonverbal Learning Disorder, marked by trouble receiving and interpreting nonverbal forms
of communication such as body language and facial expressions
❖ Apraxia of speech, which involves difficulty saying what one intends to say
❖ Central Auditory Processing Disorder, which involves difficulty with recognizing and
interpreting sounds
COGNITIVE OR ACADEMIC DIFFICULTIES
• Attention- Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) – manifests in either
or both: 1. difficulty of focusing or maintaining attention; 2. recurrent
hyperactive and impulsive behavior
• Speech and Communication Disorders- difficulty in spoken
languages including voice disorders, inability to produce the sounds-
stuttering, difficulty in language comprehension that significantly
hamper social relationship and classroom performance
SOCIAL/EMOTIONAL and
BEHAVIORAL DIFFICULTIES
• Autism Spectrum Disorder- developmental disorder that affects
communication and behavior. Autism is known as a “spectrum”
disorder because there is wide variation in the type and severity of
symptoms people experience. ASD occurs in all ethnic, racial, and
economic groups. People with ASD have an intense need for routine
and predictable environment.
- Manifestations:
❖ Difficulty with communication and interaction with other people
❖ Restricted interests and repetitive behaviors
❖ Symptoms that hurt the person’s ability to function properly in
school, work, and other areas of life
SOCIAL/EMOTIONAL and
BEHAVIORAL DIFFICULTIES
• Mental Retardation- is now commonly known as Intellectual
Disability
- refers to significant sub-average intelligence and deficits in
adaptive behavior. Difficulty in managing activities for daily
living. IQ is less than 70.
- Limitations:
❖ Intellectual functioning. Also known as IQ, this refers to a
person’s ability to learn, reason, make decisions, and solve
problems.
❖ Adaptive behaviors. These are skills necessary for day-to-day
life, such as being able to communicate effectively, interact with
others, and take care of oneself.
SOCIAL/EMOTIONAL and
BEHAVIORAL DIFFICULTIES
• Emotional/Conduct Disorder- involves presence of emotional states
like depression and agression.
• Emotional disorder symptoms : Lack of remorse: This may appear
as an inability to feel guilty about doing something wrong, a
failure to feel bad about hurting someone, or indifference to
punishment for breaking the rules. Lack of empathy: They may
disregard the feelings of others and appear cold, callous, or
uncaring.
• Conduct disorder- child with this disorder may display a pattern of
disruptive and violent behavior and have problems following rules.
Symptoms: Aggression, destructive, deceitful (these are long term)
PHYSICAL DISABILITIES &
HEALTH IMPARIMENTS
• Severe and Multiple Disabilities- presence of two or more types of
disability, mostly profound in case.
Sensory Impairments:
- Visual impairments
- Hearing impairments

• Giftedness- high level of cognition development in the aspect of


intellect, aptitude in academic, creativity, visual or performing arts, or
leadership
“ People First “ • When addressing the children or youth with
exceptionalities, we respect the person first.
PERSON with Disability/Exceptionality
APPLICATION: Class discussion
1. Which should a teacher consider more significant in preparing a
lesson for youth with exceptionality, Learning Style or the
Exceptionality? Why?
2. In what way can language reduce a person to his disability?
3. This pandemic, what do you think are the challenges of children
with exceptionality?
ANALYSIS

https://r.search.yahoo.com/_ylt=Awr9JnIkKAhgn9UARVajzb
kF;_ylu=c2VjA2ZwLWF0dHJpYgRzbGsDcnVybA--
/RV=2/RE=1611176100/RO=11/RU=https%3a%2f%2ffanyv88.com%3a443%2fhttps%2fwww.h
owtolearn.com%2f2011%2f12%2f5-things-parents-of-
special-needs-students-want-teachers-to-know-right-
now%2f/RK=2/RS=ZcrrNx6cED5gfGGmVUnsdrZ30TY-
REFERENCES
• https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/learning-disability
• https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/autism-spectrum-disorders-
asd/index.shtml

You might also like