MODULE 8
Cost Minimization
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Define cost minimization
Formulate minimization linear programming problems
Graph feasibility regions for minimization linear programming problems
Determine optimal solutions for minimization linear programming problems.
I.DISCUSSION:
Minimization linear programming problems are solved in much the same way
as the maximization problems. For the standard minimization linear program, the
constraints are of the form ax+by≥c, as opposed to the form ax+by≤c for the
standard maximization problem.
This usually refers to profit maximization or cost minimization. In linear
programming problems, constraints are given by inequalities (called inequality
constraints). ... Graph the inequality constraints, and define the feasible region.
What is minimization function?
Minimizing a function means finding the value of variable ( say x ) for which
the function (say f ) has minimum value .
Minimization linear programming problems are solved in much the same way
as the maximization problems.
For the standard minimization linear program, the constraints are of the
form ax+by≥cax+by≥c, as opposed to the form ax+by≤cax+by≤c for the standard
maximization problem. As a result, the feasible solution extends indefinitely to the
upper right of the first quadrant, and is unbounded. But that is not a concern, since
in order to minimize the objective function, the line associated with the objective
function is moved towards the origin, and the critical point that minimizes the
function is closest to the origin.
II. ASSESSMENT:
Instruction:
Solve each linear programming problem. Show solution.
Construct a graph and plot the constraint lines (Use Graphing Paper)
and formulate the decisions of linear programming problems.
1)At a university, Professor Symons wishes to employ two people, John and Mary,
to grade papers for his classes. John is a graduate student and can grade 20 papers
per hour; John earns $15 per hour for grading papers. Mary is an post-doctoral
associate and can grade 30 papers per hour; Mary earns $25 per hour for grading
papers. Each must be employed at least one hour a week to justify their
employment.If Prof. Symons has at least 110 papers to be graded each week, how
many hours per week should he employ each person to minimize the cost?
2) A small generator burns 2 types of fuel: low sulfur and high sulfur to produce
electricity. For one hour, each gallon of low sulfur emits three (3) units of sulfur
dioxide, generates four (4) kilowatts electricity, and costs P60.00. Each gallon of
high sulfur emits five (5) units of sulfur dioxide, generates four (4) kilowatts
electricity, and costs P50.00. The environmental protection agency insists that the
maximum amount of sulfur dioxide that can be emitted per hour is 15 units.
Suppose that at least 16 kilowatts electricity must be generated per hour, how
many gallons of low sulfur and how many gallons of high sulfur must be utilized
per hour in order to minimize the cost of fuel?
3) A biologist is developing two new strains of bacteria, Each sample of Type A
bacteria produce five (5) new viable bacteria and each Type B bacteria produces
six (6) new viable bacteria. Altogether, at least 150 new viable bacteria must be
produced. At least 10, but not more than 20 of the original sample must be Type A
and not more than 60 of the samples must be Type B. A sample of Type A costs
P500 and a sample of Type B costs P700.
If both types are to be used, how many surplus of each type should be used to
minimize the cost?
4) Dr. David Joseph Arambulo, the owner of the Arambulo’s Poultry and Swine
Farm wants to mix a specially blended feed supplement for the farm’s chicken
layers. On this first try he wants to mix 250 kilos of this mixture but chemical
constrains dictate that no more than 200 kilos of ingredient P and at least 100 kilos
of ingredient C should be used. If ingredient P and C cost P40/kilo and P30/kilo
respectively, how many kilos of each of the two ingredients should be mixed to
minimize his cost?
